• Title/Summary/Keyword: 다핵방향족탄화수소

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PAHs Degrading Bacterium Separation and Identification for Biological Treatment (PAHs의 생물학적 처리를 위한 분해 미생물 분리 동정)

  • Kim, Man;Choi, Kyoung-Kyoon;Go, Myong-Jin;Park, Jeong-Hun
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 2007
  • Pseudomonas sp. KM1 was separated from soil contaminated by petroleum and identified. The isolated strain is Gram-positive, rod-shaped and immotile. In batch culture, the optimum cultivation temperature and pH was $35^{\circ}C$ and 7, respectively. Biodegradation of PAHs experiment with soil slurry system was performed using Pseudomonas sp. KM1. Pseudomonas sp. KM1 could degrade 7 PAHs including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and fluoranthene. These mixed PAHs was easily degraded within one day except fluoranthene, which was degraded much slowly, taking several days by this isolated bacteria. Pseudomonas sp. KM1 is good candidate for bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soils. Biodegradation rates of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene in soils were different at each soil, and the rates were decreased as sorption capacity increased.

Analysis for 16 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Sewage Sludge and Soil (하수슬러지와 토양 중 다핵방향족 탄화수소의 정량)

  • Kim, Jong-Hun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.357-367
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    • 2000
  • The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in sewage sludge and in farm soils were determined by gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with use 2-ethylantracene as internal standards. Twelve PAH were identified in both sludges with naphthalene ($0.78{\mu}g/g$) being the most predominant in industrial sludge and pyrene ($0.26{\mu}g/g$) in municipal sludge. The total PAR content in industrial sludge and in municipal sludge were $1.74{\mu}g/g$ and $1.19{\mu}g/g$ respectively. PAH were contained in paddy soils and the concentration were very low in the range of $0.01-0.04{\mu}g/g$. The total PAH content in industrial and in municipal sludge were about 9.2 times and 6.3 times greater than in paddy soils ($0.19{\mu}g/g$).

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The Quantitative Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Sewage Sludge by Gas Chromatography-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (가스크로마토그래피-이온트랩질량분석법을 이용한 하수슬러지 중 다핵방향족탄화수소(PAHs) 함량 분석)

  • 남재작;소규호;박우균;조남준;이상학
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.367-373
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    • 2002
  • The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) content in sewage sludge was determined by gas chromatography linked to ion trap mass spectrometry(GC/ITMS) with five deuterated PAHs as internal standards. The minimum detection limit was from 1.66 to 7.14 pg for individual PAH by GC/ITMS. For determining total PAHs(∑PAH) in sewage sludge 84 samples from 74 waste water treatment plants in whole country were analyzed. The average content of ∑PAH far whole samples was 3,289$\pm$3,098 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, and ranged from 142 to maximum 20,102 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg. According to the number of population of the city, the areas were classified as five regions, ie. big, large, middle, small, and rural area in which the waste water treated plants were grown. The contents of PAHs were 4,689$\pm$5,503, 5,839$\pm$6,401, 3,725$\pm$2,053, 2,237$\pm$2,069, and 2,475$\pm$1,489 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, in big, large, middle, small, and rural area, respectively.

Isolation and Identification of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Seoul Atmosphere (서울시 대기중 다핵방향족 탄화수소류의 분리 및 동정)

  • Jang, Jae-Youn;Kim, Bag-Kwang;Chung, Yong;Cho, Seong-Joon
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 1988
  • Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons $(PAH_s)$ in Seoul atmosphere were isolated and identified. PAH fraction was isolated from airborne suspended particulates by solvent extraction, fractionation and thin layer chromatography. PAHs were identified by GC-MS, capillary GC, retention index and so on. About 70 major $PAH_S$ were seperated in capillary GC and 41 $PAH_s$ of those were identified.

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A Study on Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Emitted by Coking Time and Sampling Method in a Coke Oven Plant (코크스제조공정에서 탄화시간과 시료채취방법에 따른 다핵방향족탄화수소 발생에 관한 연구)

  • Yun, Chung Sik;Paik, Nam Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.37-53
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    • 1993
  • The polynuclear hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from coke oven standpipe were sampled using three sampling systems, including glass fiber filter+silver membrane filter, glass fiber filter+silver membrane filter+XAD-2 adsorbent tube, PTFE membrane filter+XAD-2 adsorbent tube, extracted by methylene chloride and analysed by gas chromathography using flame ionization detector. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Because the amounts of coke oven emissions(COE) were large, the analyses of PAHs were simple and possible without evaporation and concentration. Although the generation of COE was high during early stage of coking, the airborne concentration of PAHs was low and increased during late coking. 2. The contents of PAHs in COE were 1.35-2.81%. 3. The index components of PAHs were fluoranthene and pyrene. Their correlation coefficient to total PAHs were 0.96, 0.95, respectively. 4. The particulate PAHs were sampled by filter and gaseous PAHs by adsorbent tube. The collection efficiency of glass fiber filter+silver membrane filter was 20% of total amount sampled by filters+adsorbent and PTFE membrane filter 50%. Adsorbent tube must be attached to the filter to collect light and small PAH components. 5. The generation of acenaphthene and indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene were low and concentrations of fluorene and anthracene were $20-40ug/m^3$ throughout coking time. Other PAH eoncentrations were sometimes high. The generation of PAHs was low at 4-6 hours of coking time. The gaseous PAHs were generated earlier than particulate PAHs.

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Long-term Changes in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content of Paddy Soils in Youngnam area (영남지역 논토양에서 다핵방향족탄화수소 농도의 장기변동)

  • Nam, Jae-Jak;Hong, Suk-Young;Lee, Hee-Dong;Park, Chang-Young;Lee, Sang-Hak
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.196-200
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    • 2007
  • This study was to determine long-term changes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in paddy soils. To do this, we analyzed 16 PAHs in soil samples which were stored in the archive of Yeoungnam Agricultural Research Institute, Milyang, Kyeoungnam province, Korea. The samples used in this study were collected every year from 1978 to 2001 at the plough layer (0-12cm). In average, total PAHs accumulated in paddy soil was continuously decreased since 1980 when it peaked to be $237g\;kg^{-1}$. No significant changes were observed for PAHs having 5-6 phenyl rings for the past two decades, whereas PAHs with 3-4 phenyl rings were greatly decreased, reaching at about a half levels of the 1980's. It is worthy to be noted that the large reduction in PAHs with 3-4 phenyl rings has mainly been attributed to the decrease of PAHs in paddy soils for last 20 years. The major compounds accumulated were: phenanthrene > fluoroanthene > chrysene/benzo(b)fluoroanthene. The present results suggest that the switch of main fuels used in Korea from coal to petroleum around at the end of 1970's is likely contributed to decrease in PAH accumulation in paddy soils.

Exposure assessment of Polynuclear aromatichydrocarbons(PAHs) for heat treat workers using Metalworking fluids (금속가공유 취급 근로자의 다핵방향족탄화수소 노출 평가)

  • Joo, Kui Don;Kim, Eun A;Choi, Seong Bong;Kim, Myeong Ock
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to assess the ambient level of Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), oil mist of the metalworking fluids(MWFs), especially in heat treat industry and non heat treat industry. And we assessed the relationship of the pattern of exposed PAHs with oil mist during survey day. The study population of heat treat industries contained 98 workers, non-heat treat industry contained 40 workers. Personal samples were taken for ambient monitoring of PAHs and oil mist. PAHs was to analyze the relationship of airborne oil mist. The geometric mean of airborne total PAHs was $3.44{\mu}g/m^3$ in heat treat industry and $0.13{\mu}g/m^3$ in non heat treat industry, Pyrene and Benzo(a)pyrene was detected from heat treat industry and Naphthalene in heat treat industry was significantly detected higher than in non heat treat industry. The geometric mean of airborne oil mist was $0.19{\mu}g/m^3$ in heat treat industry and $0.70{\mu}g/m^3$ in non-heat treat industry. The correlation between oil mist and total PAHs was shown below, total PAHs in workers of non heat treat industry and heat treat industry were not significantly correlated with oil mist

Critical Review on Carcinogenicity of Metalworking Fluids (절삭유(Metalworking Fluids)의 발암성에 대한 고찰)

  • 박동욱;윤충식;이송권
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.50-62
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    • 2003
  • Exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs) has significantly been associated with cancer developed in multi-organs, respiratory diseases and skin diseases. Several carcinogens to humans or animals are contained in MWFs. They have been reported to be mineral oils, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), formaldehyde and N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA). The great hazards of MWF have forced the advanced country including United States to regulate carcinogens contained in MWF. In 2001, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIHs) regarded MWF mist as suspected carcinogen to human (A2) and added it to “Notice of Intended Change (NIC)” list of 2001. In spite of the fact that much MWF has widely been used in many industries using machines, Korea has no legal actions for management of MWF. What is worse, even toxicity such as Carcinogenicity has not been reported. KS (Korean Standards) lists 7 advices of MWF but it does net state the hazards to health. It is very hard to control or minimize worker's exposure to MWF containing many carcinogens. Prier to the introduction of MWF to workplace, it is the most effective measure to regulate carcinogens below a certain level. Regulation on the content of PAH seems to be necessary because less amount of PAH in mineral oils improves the quality of MWF. Also, addition of nitrosating groups to MWF should be prohibited to minimize worker's exposure to NDELA. Employers and manufacturers should indicate the Carcinogenicity of all carcinogens in MWFs in Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) in order fer workers to recognize Carcinogenicity. Legal actions have to be taken to protect workers from health hazards due to exposure to MWF by further investigation on MWF.