• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2017

PCR-chip-based ultra-rapid multiplex PCRs for detection of six major infectious pathogens in honeybee were developed. The 6 kinds of major infectious pathogens in honeybee included Paenibacillus larvae causing American Foulbrood, Melissococcus plutonius causing European Foulbrood as bacteria, Ascosphaera apis (Chalkbrood), Aspergillus flavus (Stonebrood), Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae (Nosemosis) as fungi. The developed PCR-chip-based ultra-rapid multiplex PCR showed successful amplification for all six major pathogens in the presence of more than $10^3$ molecules. The time for confirming amplification (Threshold cycles; Ct-time) was about 7 minutes for two species, and about 9 minutes for four species. Total 40 cycles of PCR took 11 minutes 42 seconds and time for melting point analysis was 1 minute 15 seconds. Total time for whole PCR detection was estimated 12 minutes 57 seconds (40 cycles of PCR and melting point analysis). PCR-chip based ultra-rapid multiplex PCR using standard DNA substrates showed close to 100% accuracy and no false-amplification was found with honeybee genomic DNA. Ultra-rapid multiplex PCR is expected to be a fast and efficient pathogen detection method not only in the laboratory but also in the apiary field.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.337-344
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• 1994

Enthalpy rise hot channel factor($F_{\Delta{H}}$$^{N}$) is one of the most limiting constraints in determining the fuel loading pattern(LP) for PWR's. In order to enhance the LP design flexibility without any changes of not only basic fuel specifications but also Technical Specifications and Operation Procedures, we apply the enrichment zoning concept to Westinghouse designed PWR's to flatten the rod power distributions within the fuel assembly and thus to reduce $F_{\Delta{H}}$$^{N}$. Enrichment zoning is described that each assembly consists of two different enrichment fuels ; the lower enriched fuels are located in positions which are expected to have the higher rod power and vice versa for the higher enriched fuels. As a result of unit assembly calculations to flatten the rod power distribution within the assembly, the appropriate enrichment difference is found to be 0.3~0.4w/o. Through core depletion calculations for the 18-month cycle of Kori Unit 4, the $F_{\Delta{H}}$$^{N}$ behavior in core with the enrichment zoning concept is investigated. A comparison with the reference case without the enrichment zoning results in a reduction in $F_{\Delta{H}}$$^{N}$ of approximately 1.5%.TEX>H/$^{N}$ of approximately 1.5%.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.7A
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• pp.1144-1151
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 AOA(Angle of Arrival)와 TOA(Time of Arrival) 그리고 TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)의 추정값을 이용한 위치 추정 기법들이 설명되고 분석된다. 이들 기법들을 다중경로 페이딩 (mutipath fading)과 shadowing을 갖는 마이크로셀 환경에 적용한다면, 빠르고 예측할 수 없는 신호 레벨의 변화로 인하여 이동체의 위치를 정확히 추정하는 것은 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수신 신호 세기(RSS: Received Signal Strength) 이외에 이동체와 기지국간의 거리, 이동체의 이동방향, 이동체의 이전위치와 같은 부정확한 다수의 파라미터를 동시에 고려하는 퍼지 다기준 (multi-criteria) 의사 결정 방법을 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여, 이동체의 방향과 속도의 영향을 분석한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.135-141
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• 2008

In this paper, a design method of broadband horn antenna having 3:1 bandwidth and multiple polarization characteristics is proposed. The feeding section of the antenna adopts quadruple-ridged waveguide type for broadband and multiple polarization characteristics of the antenna. By inserting a shorting bar in the cavity structure with a semi-sphere type back short, the return loss at the feeding section was minimized. A corrugated dielectric lens is designed for phase compensation and lens-surface matching at the antenna aperture, which improves the antenna beam pattern. The validity of the design method is verified by indicating the measured data of the antenna.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.148-155
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• 2002

Multithreaded models improve the efficiency of parallel systems by combining inner parallelism, asynchronous data availability and the locality of von Neumann model. This model executes thread code which is generated by compiler and of which quality is given by the method of generation. But multithreaded models have the demerit that execution model is restricted to a specific platform. On the contrary, Java has the platform independency, so if we can translate from threads code to Java bytecode, we can use the advantages of multithreaded models in many platforms. Java executes Java bytecode which is intermediate language format for Java virtual machine. Java bytecode plays a role of an intermediate language in translator and Java virtual machine work as back-end in translator. But, Java bytecode which is translated from multithreaded models have the demerit that it is not secure. This paper, multhithread code whose feature of platform independent can execute in java virtual machine. We design and implement translator which translate from thread code of multithreaded code to Java bytecode and which check secure problems from Java bytecode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.828-831
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• 2005

In feature-based multi-resolution modeling, the features are rearranged according to a criterion for the levels of detail (LOD) of multi-resolution models. In this paper, two different LOD criteria are investigated and discussed. The one is the volumes of subtractive features, together with the precedence of additive features over subtractive features. The other is the volumes of features, regardless of whether the feature types are subtractive or additive. In addition, the algorithms to define and extract the LOD models based on the criteria are also described. The criterion of the volumes of features can be used for a wide range of applications in CAD and CAE in virtue of its generality.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.547-550
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• 2006

An analysis method is developed for the prediction of venting in multiple compartments which are connected in series or parallel through multiple ports. The existing method by the authors is modified to remove the limitation in number of ports and compartments, and the more general polytropic relation or solution of the additional energy equation replaces the previous isentropic relation allowing the prediction of pressure rise in addition to pressure drop. The accuracy of the method is verified by comparison with the results by NASA Flap code for the problem of pressure drop in a payload in the Space Shuttle cargo bay. It is expected that this method will be a useful tool in prediction of the pressure variation in a payload or payload capsule without mentioning the payload fairing itself.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2011

In this paper, to evaluate the design properties of 3D optical multimode interference (MMI) couplers with ultracompact width, modal transmission line theory and effective dielectric method are combined with together. A coupling efficiency based on the composed approach is defined, and the coupling length is numerically determined for the design of 3 dB coupler, cross coupler and bar coupler. The simulation result shows that the designed MMI coupler has a low insertion loss and a high splitting ratio.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.1686-1692
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• 2012

Spreading sequence play an important role in wireless communications, such as in a CDMA(code division multiple access) communication system and multi-carrier spectrum communication system. Spreading sequences with low cross-correlation, in a direct-sequence spread spectrum communication system, help to minimize multiple access interference and to increase security degree of system. Analysis of cross-correlations between the sequences is a necessary process to design sequences. However it require lots of computing time for analysis of cross-correlations between sequences. In this paper we propose a method which is possible to compute effectively cross-correlation using subfield in the process of practical computation of cross-correlation between nonlinear binary sequences.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.399-402
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• 2016

We propose a thin electromagnetic wave absorber using varactor diodes combined with intentionally introduced multiple slits, which enables continuous sweep of an absorption frequency band throughout relatively wide frequencies. The absorption frequency range of conventional electrically tunable absorbers has been restricted by high capacitance of varactor diodes. In order to overcome the problem, we introduce parasitic capacitance and connect them with varactors in series, which reduces the total capacitance dramatically. As a result, we can raise the operating absorption frequency up to the X-band region. Moreover, we can also control the operating frequencies by modifying the number of slits with little change in an entire frequency sweep range. Good agreement between simulated and measured results show the validity of our proposal.