• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.579-591
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• 2022

Functional data is collected in various fields. It is often necessary to test whether there are differences among groups of functional data. In this case, it is not appropriate to explain using the point-wise ANOVA method, and we should present not the point-wise result but the integrated result. Various studies on functional data analysis of variance have been proposed, and recently implemented those methods in the package fdANOVA of R. In this paper, I first explain ANOVA and multivariate ANOVA, then I will introduce various methods of analysis of variance for univariate and multivariate functional data recently proposed. I also describe how to use the R package fdANOVA. This package is used to test equality of weekly temperatures in Seoul and Busan through univariate functional data ANOVA, and to test equality of multivariate functional data corresponding to handwritten images using multivariate function data ANOVA.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.703-724
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• 2022

Although longitudinal studies mainly produce multivariate longitudinal data, most of existing statistical models analyze univariate longitudinal data and there is a limitation to explain complex correlations properly. Therefore, this paper describes various methods of modeling the covariance matrix to explain the complex correlations. Among them, modified Cholesky decomposition, modified Cholesky block decomposition, and hypersphere decomposition are reviewed. In this paper, we review these methods and analyze Korean children and youth panel (KCYP) data are analyzed using the Bayesian method. The KCYP data are multivariate longitudinal data that have response variables: School adaptation, academic achievement, and dependence on mobile phones. Assuming that the correlation structure and the innovation standard deviation structure are different, several models are compared. For the most suitable model, all explanatory variables are significant for school adaptation, and academic achievement and only household income appears as insignificant variables when cell phone dependence is a response variable.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.142-150
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• 2000

The Purpose of this study is to suggest usefulness of correlation analysis about categorical multivariate data to business administration and other social sciences. Some examples of their application are presented.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.169-180
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• 2017

Multivariate GARCH models are interested in conditional variances (volatilities) as well as conditional correlations between return time series. This paper is concerned with high-frequency multivariate financial time series from which realized volatilities and realized conditional correlations of intra-day returns are calculated. Existing multivariate GARCH models are reviewed comparatively with the realized volatility via canonical correlations and value at risk (VaR). Korean stock prices are analysed for illustration.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.353-361
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• 2013

To analyze the distribution of earthquake-induced strain data in rock masses, statistical analysis was performed on four-directional strain data obtained from a ground movement monitoring system installed in Korea. Strain data related to the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake and two aftershocks of >M7.0 in 2011 were used in x-MR control chart analysis, a type of univariate statistical analysis that can detect an abnormal distribution. The analysis revealed different dispersion times for each measurement orientation. In a more comprehensive analysis, the strain data were re-evaluated using multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) considering correlations among the various data from the different measurement orientations. $T_2$ and Q-statistics, based on principal component analysis, were used to analyze the time-series strain data in real-time. The procedures were performed with 99.9%, 99.0%, and 95.0% control limits. It is possible to use the MSA data to successfully detect an abnormal distribution caused by earthquakes because the dispersion time using the 99.9% control limit is concurrent with or earlier than that from the x-MR analysis. In addition, the dispersion using the 99.0% and 95.0% control limits detected an abnormal distribution in advance. This finding indicates the potential use of MSA for recognizing abnormal distributions of strain data.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2019

In engineering problems, many random variables have correlation, and the correlation of input random variables has a great influence on reliability analysis results of the mechanical systems. However, correlated variables are often treated as independent variables or modeled by specific parametric joint distributions due to difficulty in modeling joint distributions. Especially, when there are insufficient correlated data, it becomes more difficult to correctly model the joint distribution. In this study, multivariate kernel density estimation with bounded data is proposed to estimate various types of joint distributions with highly nonlinearity. Since it combines given data with bounded data, which are generated from confidence intervals of uniform distribution parameters for given data, it is less sensitive to data quality and number of data. Thus, it yields conservative statistical modeling and reliability analysis results, and its performance is verified through statistical simulation and engineering examples.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.950-951
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• 2019

시계열 데이터에 대한 군집화 관련 연구는 주로 통계 분석을 통해 이뤄지기 때문에 데이터가 갖는 특성을 완전히 반영하는 데 한계를 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 다변량 데이터에서의 군집화를 위하여 변수별로 시간에 따른 변화와 특징을 추출하기 위한 CNN-GRU(Convolutional Neural Network - Gated Recurrent Unit) 기반의 신경망 모델을 제안한다. CNN을 활용하여 변수별로 갖는 특성을 파악하고자 하였으며, GRU을 통해 전체 시간에 따른 소비 추세를 도출하고자 하였다. 지역별로 업종에 따라 사용된 2년 치의 실제 카드 데이터를 활용하였으며, 유사한 소비 추세를 보이는 지역을 군집화하는데 이를 적용하였다. 결과적으로, 다변량 시계열 데이터를 통해 전체적인 흐름을 반영하여 패턴화했다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.383-388
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• 2024

This paper is a study to derive the predicted value of power generation based on the photovoltaic power generation data measured in Jeollanam-do, South Korea. Multivariate variables such as direct current, alternating current, and environmental data were measured in the inverter to measure the amount of power generation, and pre-processing was performed to ensure the stability and reliability of the measured values. Correlation analysis used only data with high correlation with power generation in time series data for prediction using partial autocorrelation function (PACF). Deep learning models were used to measure the amount of power generation to predict the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and the results of correlation analysis of each multivariate variable were used to increase the prediction accuracy. Learning using refined data was more stable than when existing data were used as it was, and the solar power generation prediction algorithm was improved by using only highly correlated variables among multivariate variables by reflecting the correlation analysis results.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.903-913
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• 2013

Social network services generate a considerable amount of social data every day on personal feelings or thoughts. This social data provides changing patterns of information production and consumption but are also a tool that reflects social phenomenon. We analyze negative emotional words from daily blogs to detect the change in blooger sentiment using multivariate control charts. We used the all the blogs produced between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2009. Hotelling's T-square control chart control chart is commonly used to monitor multivariate quality characteristics; however, it assumes that quality characteristics follow multivariate normal distribution. The performance of a multivariate control chart is affected by this assumption; consequently, we introduce the support vector data description and its extension (K-control chart) suggested by Sun and Tsung (2003) and they are applied to detect the chage in blogger sentiment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.1264-1266
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• 2013

다변량 데이터 분석에 주로 사용되는 차원축소 기법 중 하나인 PCA 알고리즘을 직접 구현해보고 기존의 통계분석 프로그램과 그 결과를 비교분석 해보았다. UCI에서 제공하는 유방암 데이터를 이용하여 실험 해본 결과 두 프로그램 모두 같은 주성분을 얻고, Eigenvalue와 variance도 같은 값을 얻었다. 따라서 상용화된 통계패키지를 사용하지 않고도 PCA 알고리즘을 적용하여 차원축소 문제를 해결하고 데이터를 분석 할 수 있다.