• Title/Summary/Keyword: 다리 형태

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Large Amplitude Oscillations in a Hanging Cable and Suspension Bridge: Some New Connections with Nonlinear Analysis (케이블과 현수교 다리에서 일어나는 진폭이 큰 진동에 대한 연구)

  • Oh Hye-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.33-38
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    • 2006
  • The motions of suspension bridge as well as hanging cable are governed by nonlinear partial differential equations. Nonlinearity gives rise to a large amplitude oscillation. We use finite difference methods to compute periodic solutions to the torsional partial differential equations. We use the one-noded forcing term and a slight perturbation in the forcing term.

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Modiolicola avadeevi, a New Sabelliphilid Copepod (Poecilostomatoida) from a Bivalve in the Sea of Japan (동해의 털담치(이매패류)에 공생하는 요각류 1신종, Modiolicola avdeevi)

  • Kim, Il-Hoi
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.315-321
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    • 1995
  • A new species of Copepoda, Modiolicola avdeevi (Poecilostomatoida, Sabelliphilidae) associated with the bivalve Modiolus difficilis Kuroda and Habe in the Sea of Japan, is described . Although resembling close to Modiolicola bifidus Tanaka, 1961 in the body form, the new species is distinguished from M.bifidus by the more slender antenna, stouter caudal rami and more slender leg 5.

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A photoplythsmography starting point detection algorithm for pulse wave velocity (맥파속도 측정을 위한 PPG 기시점 검출알고리즘)

  • Jeong, Seokhoon;Ko, Kuk Won;Lee, Sangjoon
    • Annual Conference of KIPS
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    • 2015.10a
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    • pp.949-951
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 맥파속도를 측정 하는데 간단한 방법으로 1채널 심전도 데이터와 4채널 광전식 용적맥파를 이용하여 취득한 데이터를 분석하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 심전도의 R 피크점과 좌우 지첨, 족첨에서 발생하는 4 채널 맥파신호간 시간차를 이용하여 맥파 전달시간을 구하고 팔, 다리 길이로 나눠서 맥파전달속도를 구한다. 알고리즘은 심전도 R 피크점 검출, 4 채널 맥파에서의 피크점 검출 이후 검출된 피크정보를 이용하여 맥파의 시작지점인 기시점을 검출하는 간단한 방법을 개발하였고, 4 가지 맥파형태에 검출알고리즘을 적용하여 검증 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 방법으로 간단히 맥파속도를 측정하여 동맥경화나 고혈압, 당뇨 등 심혈관 관련 연구의 기반이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Effect of gender difference and change of load on lower extremity kinetics in step descent (계단 하강 시 성별차이와 중량 변화가 하지역학에 미치는 영향)

  • Seunghyun, Hyun
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.109-116
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender and load carriage difference on the lower extremity kinetics during stair descent. Ten healthy males and 10 healthy females were recruited (n=20). In the Maximum resultant velocity, it showed more velocity was decreased with difference by the change of gender (males>females) and load carriage (30%, 20%, 10%> 10%). And, resultant velocity showed interaction between gender and a load (load>gender). Main effect by gender during stair descent showed leg length was decreased in females than that of males at initial contact phase. Also, main effect by gender during stair descent showed more hip, knee flexed and plantar flexion of ankle joint in females than that of males. In the kinetics variables, main effect by gender during stair descent showed more higher reaction force of medial-lateral direction, and leg stiffness in males than that of females. We found that females successfully accommodated a load during stair descent by decreasing the range of motion of the hip joint angle and resultant velocity of movement. Males, on the other hand, require greater medial-lateral, vertical reaction force, and leg stiffness to accommodate a load, and control of momentum.

Effect of Water Temperature and Body Weight on Oxygen Consumption Rate of Starry Flounder Platichthys stellatus (강도다리 Platichthys stellatus의 산소 소비율에 미치는 수온과 체중의 영향)

  • Oh, Sung-Yong;Jang, Yo-Soon;Noh, Choong Hwan;Choi, Hee Jung;Myoung, Jung-Goo;Kim, Chong-Kwan
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2009
  • The effect of water temperature (T) and body weight (W) on oxygen consumption of fasted starry flounder Platichthys stellatus was investigated in order to assess the metabolic response of this species at given conditions. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was measured under six different water temperatures (4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and $19^{\circ}C$) and at two different body weights (mean weight of fry group : 1.5 g; fingerling group : 37.4 g) at an interval of 5 minutes for 24 hours using a continuous flow-through respirometer. In each treatment three replicates were set up and a total 540 fish in fry groups and 90 fish in fingerling groups were used. The OCRs increased with increase of water temperature in both groups (p<0.001). Mean OCRs at 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and $19^{\circ}C$ were 1386.0, 1601.7, 1741.0, 1799.2, 2239.1 and $2520.3mg\;O_2\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;h^{-1}$ in fry groups, and 83.8, 111.4, 126.3, 147.1, 187.7 and $221.3mg\;O_2\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;h^{-1}$ in fingerling groups, respectively. The OCRs decreased with increasing body weights at six different water temperatures (p<0.001). The relationship between water temperature and body weight is described by the following equation : OCR=1520.91+40.85T-49.22W ($r^2=0.95$, p<0.001). The energy loss by metabolic response increased with an increase in water temperature and a decrease in body weight (p<0.001). Mean energy loss rates by oxygen consumption at 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and $19^{\circ}C$ were 907.9, 1046.5, 1141.6, 1177.0, 1467.3 and $1650.1kJ\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ in fry groups and 54.8, 73.0, 82.9, 96.2, 122.9 and $144.6kJ\;kg\;fish^{-1}\;d^{-1}$ in fingerling groups, respectively. The $Q_{10}$ values of fingerling groups were higher than those of fry groups at given temperature ranges. The $Q_{10}$ values at $4{\sim}7^{\circ}C$, $7{\sim}10^{\circ}C$, $10{\sim}13^{\circ}C$, $13{\sim}16^{\circ}C$ and $16{\sim}19^{\circ}C$ were 1.62, 1.32, 1.12, 2.07 and 1.48 in fry groups, and 2.59, 1.52, 1.67, 2.25 and 1.73 in fingerling groups, respectively.

A Report of Basic Ecology and Distribution, Host Plants of Cantao ocellatus (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) in Korea (방패광대노린재 국내 분포, 기주식물 및 기초 생태 보고)

  • Kim, Dong Eon;Kil, Jihyon;Lee, Do Hun
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.93-100
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    • 2013
  • In this study, the distribution of Cantao ocellatus in Korea occurred at Jindo, Tongyoung, Gwangju and Taean including Jejudo in 2012 and was coincidentally in accordance with the distribution of Mallotus japonicus as a host plant. The adult emerges in M. japonicus occur from late June to early July and can be observed until the end of October. The investigation of the female and male was measured, developmental characteristics, host plant and oviposition preference under the conditions of temperature $25^{\circ}C({\pm}2)$, humidity 65%(${\pm}2$), day length 16L:8D, by indoor breeding. For females and males respectively, average body lengths were 26.20 mm and 23.88 mm, body widths 11.35 mm and 10.57 mm, head widths 3.84 mm and 3.64 mm, probosics lengths 7.90 mm and 7.27 mm, antennal lengths 9.87 mm and 9.69 mm, anterior leg lengths 12.50 mm and 12.27 mm, intermediate leg lengths 14.61 mm and 13.12 mm, posterior leg lengths 16.90 mm and 16.53 mm, and fresh weights 0.46 g and 0.31 g. It was seen that two kinds of C. ocellatus had prickles at the end of the pronotum which had developed in the fifth instars. The female is distinguished from the male by the reproductive organ and the spotted pattern on the abdominal segment. The preference of drinks was fruit, leafstalk, midrib, and branch in Mallotus japonicus (Thunb.) Muell. Arg., Mallotus japonicus 'Variegatus', Ricinus communis L., Lonicera japonicus var. repens (Siebold) Rehder, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck and Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino.

Influence of Foraging Behaviors of Shorebirds on Habitat use in Rice Fields During Spring Migration (봄철 논습지에 도래하는 도요물떼새류의 취식 행동에 따른 서식지 이용 특성 연구)

  • Nam, Hyung-Kyu;Choi, Seung-Hye;Yoo, Jeong-Chil
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.178-185
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND: The coexisting shorebirds often use various foraging strategies, including feeding methods and habitat use, which are the likely mechanisms to explain the variation of morphological and behavior traits. We studied the foraging behaviors of four shorebirds to define how species separate according to habitat structures in rice fields of western-central Korea during their northward migration. METHODS AND RESULTS: The studied species were Long-toed Stints (Calidris subminuta), Wood Sandpipers (Tringa glareola), Common Greenshanks (Tringa nebularia), and Black-tailed Godwits (Limosa limosa), which were commonly observed in rice fields and represented by a wide range of morphological traits. Habitats were categorized into three types ("plowed with water", "shallow water level after harrowing", and "deep water level after harrowing") according to the irrigation intensity and soil manipulation of the farming practices. Long-toed Stints mainly foraged in the "plowed with water", where they used both visual and tactile searching methods. Wood Sandpipers and Common Greenshanks were frequently observed in "shallow water level after harrowing" They spent a considerable amount of time using a visual searching method. Black-tailed Godwits were selectively attracted to "deep water level after harrowing" and used tactile cues as their predominant feeding technique. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the water levels related in soil manipulation and irrigation intensity influence the accessibility to foraging sites and the detectability of prey for shorebirds species.

Effects of Electrical Stimulation Biofeedback on Motor Learning of Quadriceps Isometric Exercise of Total Knee Replacement (전기 자극을 이용한 피드백의 형태가 무릎성형 수술 환자의 넙다리 네갈래근 등척성 운동 학습에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Eun-Young;Kwak, Chang-Hwa;Joung, Gyeong-Soo
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.81-89
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of electrical stimulation biofeedback on motor learning of quadriceps muscle isometric exercise in 3 patients who have undergone total knee replacement surgery. A multiple baseline design across subjects was used. The electrical stimulation biofeedback was provided with each patient during quadriceps isometric exercise, which last 10 to 14 sessions with 10 repetitions each sessions. After training patients received 4 retention tests. Maximum muscle activity was measured pre- and post- electrical stimulation biofeedback training and retention test to evaluate the effect of biofeedback training. Maximum isometric muscle activity of quadriceps was increased after electrical stimulation biofeedback training in all subjects. The results indicate that a electrical stimulation biofeedback training is a useful method to improve motor learning of quadriceps isometric exercise in total knee replacement.

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Study on Advanced Knee Joint Linkage of Active Prosthesis Leg (진보된 능동 의족 무릎 관절 구조 연구)

  • Bak, J.H.;Lee, K.H.;Lee, C.H.
    • Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2012
  • In this study, an advanced knee joint for active prosthesis leg driven by a linear actuator is suggested. The structure of knee joints of existing active prosthesis legs consists of three links. This kind of linkage requires large torque to drive the active prosthesis legs. Thus a new linkage structure is suggested to solve such problem in this paper. Motion characteristics of the suggested linkage are examined in the simulation. The motion simulation results show that the proposed linkage is able to imitate human gait cycles with the half of linear actuator speed in existing linkages.

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A Steerable Quadruped Walking Robotic System with Legs of a Closed-Chain Mechanism (폐쇄 기구형 다리의 조향가능 4족 보행 로봇 시스템)

  • Im, Seung-Cheol;Jeong, Hae-Seong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.24 no.1 s.173
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    • pp.118-123
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    • 2000
  • Most quadruped walking robots under current research are individually controlling every joint ic make them step or walk according to an integrated strategy. Such methods are characterized by at least one pair of an actuator and a sensor installed per each 'oint so that the robots weigh execssively and move inefficiently in terms of energy expenditure. In addition, the task of controlling all the joints simultaneously is quite complex and prone to destabilize the robot motion. These respects keep the existing walking robots away from realistic applications such as transportation even if they have potentially, outstanding adaptability to swamps or uneven terrains as opposed to wheeled vehicles. So, this paper presents a new conceptual quadruped robot developed to walk and steer only with a minimal number of actuators owing to a closed-chain mechanism. To prove its actual performance including the adaptability to various types of terrains. experiments are done with the mammal-type prototype. And. it is also shown that the same concept can be easily extended to carry out different gait forms. for instance, that of spiders only with minor modifications.