• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.19-23
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• 2008

This paper summarized that the developing Geocell(Geocomb$^{(R)}$) cellular confinement system with a porous strip and the researches on its properties. The new geoell has shown excellent properties; frictional and permeable characteristics, and is expected to be a proper solution to various fields related.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.376-376
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• 2023

전 세계적으로 중요한 담수 자원인 지하수의 미세플라스틱 오염에 대한 우려가 커지고 있다. 지하수 환경에서 미세플라스틱의 오염을 예측하고 평가하기 위해 대수층 내 현장 실태조사가 수행 중에 있으며, 실험실 규모의 컬럼 실험을 통해 지하수에서 미세플라스틱 이동 메커니즘을 조사하는 연구들이 수행되고 있다. 이러한 연구들은 많은 개수의 분석 시료를 동반하며, 환경 중 미세플라스틱 정량분석을 위해서 고가의 분석기기(라만분광기, 푸리에 변환 적외선(FTIR) 분광기, 열분해 가스크로마토그래피 질량분석기)를 사용하여 플라스틱의 종류를 판별하고 개수를 측정하고 있다. 또한, 컬럼 실험을 수행한 대부분의 선행 연구에서는 미세플라스틱 정량분석을 위해 탁도 분석, 분광광도계를 이용한 흡광도 분석, 현미경을 이용한 계수 방법 등을 이용하여 고가의 분석기기를 사용하지 않고 연구를 수행하였다. 하지만, 이러한 방법들은 유체 속 다른 물질이 포함되어있을 경우에 민감하고 농도를 비율 혹은 개수로 표현하기 때문에 질량 측면에서 미세플라스틱의 농도를 과소·과대 평가할 수 있다. 특히, 현미경을 이용한 계수 방법의 경우에는 분석에 많은 시간이 소요된다는 단점이 있다. 위에 언급한 다양한 분석법들의 단점들을 보완하기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 대수층 내 미세플라스틱 이동 특성을 규명하기 위한 실내 실험에 사용될 수 있는 형광이미지 기반의 미세플라스틱 정량분석법을 개발하였다. Nile Red 형광염료를 이용하여 미세플라스틱을 염색하고 사진을 촬영하여 미세플라스틱 시료의 질량과 미세플라스틱 형광이미지의 형광강도 간 상관관계를 분석하였다. 또한, Nile Red로 염색된 미세플라스틱 입자의 수중 노출 테스트를 진행하여, 실내 대수층 모의실험 시 미세플라스틱 질량을 정량화할 수 있는 적용 가능성을 평가하였다. 상관 분석 결과, 미세플라스틱 질량과 이미지의 형광강도는 높은 상관관계를 보였으며, 수중 노출 실험 전과 후의 미세플라스틱 입자의 형광강도 차이는 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 본 연구에서 개발된 미세플라스틱 정량분석 방법이 포화 다공성 매체로 구성된 컬럼실험 시 유출수의 미세플라스틱 질량 추정에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 생각되며, 대수층 내 미세플라스틱의 이동 특성 규명 연구에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.328-333
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• 2008

The osmotic delivery systems are based on osmosis. The transverse diffusion of water through a porous membrane from a medium with a low osmotic pressure to a medium with a high osmotic pressure. Nifedipine tablet dosage forms of Procardia $XL^{(R)}$(Pfizer) and $Adalat^{(R)}$(Bayer) are commercialized systems of this type that push-pull osmotic tablet operates successfully in delivering water-insoluble drugs. We prepared osmotic pellet system by fluidized bed coating method, and model-drug used nifedipine. The osmotic pellet system was composed of the core material. the swelling and osmotic pressure layer, the drug coating layer, and the porous membrane. This work is performed to investigate the effect of different factors, such as composition and thickness of membrane. The osmotic pellet has been successfully prepared by fluidized bed coating technology. The drug release behavior depended on the increase of CA ratio and thickness in porous membrane. The morphology of the osmotic pellet before and after the dissolution test were observed by SEM. In conclusion, we found that the drug release of osmotic pellet depended on the composition and coating thickness of porous membrane.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.545-548
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• 2009

최근 천연가스 개발의 중요성이 대두되면서 심해저 퇴적층에 존재하고 있는 천연가스 하이드레이트 개발에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 심해저 퇴적층에 부존하는 가스 하이드레이트 조건과 유사하게 하기위해 3 wt% 농도의 염수를 다공성 실리카 젤 기공에 넣어 사용하였다. 기공의 직경에 따른 영향을 알아보기 위해 기공 직경이 각각 6.0, 15.0, 30.0 nm인 실리카 젤을 사용하여, 천연가스 주성분인 에탄, 프로판, 메탄+프로판 하이드레이트의 3상 (H-Lw-V) 평형을 측정하였다. 그 결과 기공의 크기가 작아질수록 각각의 벌크 상태의 에탄, 프로판, 메탄+프로판 하이드레이트에 비해 하이드레이트의 평형조건이 온도는 낮아지고 압력이 높아지는 저해효과가 커짐을 알 수 있었다. 실험값으로 부터 기공 내의 물과 하이드레이트상 사이의 계면장력 값을 Gibbs-Thomson식에 의해 구할 수 있으며, 열역학 계산을 통하여 실험값과 비교하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 심해저 천연가스 개발, 이산화탄소 심해저장 등의 가스 하이드레이트 응용 연구에 유용한 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.374-380
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• 2015

In this paper, a dynamic model describing the 2 phase effect on the gas diffusion layer depending on load change of a fuel cell stack was developed to examine the effects of liquid water in fuel cell cathode gas diffusion layer on the fuel cell performance. For the developed model, 2 phase effect on the performance of a fuel cell stack depending on the load changes, concentration distribution of water vapor and oxygen inside a gas diffusion layer, the effect of the thickness and porosity of the gas diffusion layer on the fuel cell stack voltage were examined. As a result, a fuel cell stack voltage for the 2 phase model within the scope of the research become lower than that for the 1 phase model regardless of the load. Although oxygen molar concentration for the gas diffusion layer adjacent to the catalyst layer was the lowest, water vapor concentration is the highest. In addition, as thickness and porosity of the gas diffusion layer increased and decreased, respectively, the fuel cell stack voltage decreased.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.759-764
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• 2018

3D porous carbon electrodes (cNPIM), prepared by solution casting of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) followed by nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) and carbonization are presented. In order to effectively control the pore size of 3D porous carbon structures, cNPIM was prepared by varying the THF ratio of mixed solvents. The SEM analysis revealed that cNPIMs have a unique 3D macroporous structure having a gradient pore structure, which is expected to grant a smooth and easy ion transfer capability as an electrode material. In addition, the cNPIMs presented a very large specific surface area ($2,101.1m^2/g$) with a narrow micropore size distribution (0.75 nm). Consequently, the cNPIM exhibits a high specific capacitance (304.8 F/g) and superior rate capability of 77% in an aqueous electrolyte. We believe that our approach can provide a variety of new 3D porous carbon materials for the application to an electrochemical energy storage.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.46-53
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• 2011

Water is continuously produced in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), and is transported and exhausted through polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), catalyst layer (CL), microporous layer (MPL), and gas diffusion layer (GDL). The low operation temperatures of PEMFC lead to the condensation of water, and the condensed water hinders the transport of reactants in porous layers (MPL and GDL). Thus, water flooding is currently one of hot issues that should be solved to achieve higher performance of PEMFC. This research aims to study liquid water transport in porous layers of PEMFC by using pore-network model, while the microscale pore structure and hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface properties of GDL and MPL were fully considered.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.458-464
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• 2006

The Pd-Ni-Ag alloy composite membrane using modified porous stainless steel (PSS) as a substrate was prepared by a electroless plating technique. In this work, we have introduced the intermediate layer between Pd-based alloy and a metal substrate. As an intermediate layer, the mixtures of nickel powder and inorganic sol such as $SiO_{2}$ sol, $Al_{2}O_{3}$ sol, and $TiO_{2}$ sol were used. The intermediate layers were coated onto a PSS substrate according to various membrane preparation conditions and then $N_{2}$ fluxes through the membranes with different intermediate layers were measured. The surface morphology of the intermediate layer in the mixture of nickel powder and inorganic sol was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Finally, the Pd-Ni-Ag alloy composite membrane using the support coated with the mixture of nickel powder and silica as an intermediate layer was fabricated and then the gas permeances for $H_{2}$ and $N_{2}$ through the Pd-based membrane were investigated. The selectivity of $H_2/N_2$ was infinite and the $H_{2}$ flux was $1.39{\times}10^{-2}mol/m^2{\cdot}s$ at the temperature of $500^{\circ}C$ and trans-membrane pressure difference of 1 bar.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 1987

The absorption coefficients of various length bundles of straws simulating perforated material were studied both theoretically and experimentally. For the theoretical predictions Zwikker and Kosten's theory was modified by adapting Biot's theory based on Poiseuille flow. The experimental data were collected using an impedance tube where the attenuation along the length of the tube was considered. The theoretically predicted values agreed very well with the experimentally measured ones for frequencies lower than 700Hz with bundles shorter than 120mm in length placed against the rigid end of the impedance tube. Configurations with an air gap between the end of a bundle and the rigid end were also investigated. Absorption coefficients were higher for 150mm bundles than for those of combined/air gap configurations with a total length of 150mm. Also for the fixed bundle lengths, absorption was found to increase with increasing air gap.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.891-896
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• 2003

Novel fabrication technique was developed for high strength Reaction-Bonded SiC (RBSC) hot gas filter for use in IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) system. The room and high temperature fracture strengths for Si-melt infiltrated reaction-bonded SiC were 50-123, and 60-66 MPa, respectively. The average pore size was 60-70 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and the porosity was about 34 vol％. RBSC infiltrated with molten silicon showed improved fracture strength at high temperature, as compared to that of clay-bonded SiC, due to SiC/Si phase present within SiC phase. The thickness for SiC/Si phase was increased with increasing powder particle size of SiC from 10 to 34 $\mu\textrm{m}$. Pressure drop with dust particles showed similar response as compared to that for Schumacher type 20 filter. The filter fabricated in the present study showed good performance in that the filtered powder size was reduced drastically to below 1 $\mu\textrm{m}$ within 4 min.