• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.71-72
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• 2014

최근 들어 드라마나 영화 속 인물 들의 얼굴을 다른 얼굴로 교체하고자 하는 시도들이 주목을 받고 있고, 사용자들의 관심 또한 증가하고 있다. 이러한 연구는 오래 전부터 많이 연구되어 왔으나, 조명 변화에 강인한 피부 톤 변환 문제는 여전히 주요 이슈로 자리하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 히스토그램 명세화 기법을 응용하여 피부 톤을 자연스럽게 변환 시켜줄 수 있는 기법을 제안한다. 두 얼굴 영상의 R, G, B 채널에 대한 히스토그램을 각각 생성하고 이들을 누적분포함수로 각각 변환한다. 변환된 누적분포함수들을 이용하여 두 얼굴 영상의 히스토그램을 근사 시킬 수 있는 변환 표를 생성하고 이를 이용하여 얼굴 영상의 피부 톤을 변환시킨다. 조명 변화로 인해 발생하는 전반사 영역은 선형 보간 법을 사용하여 제거한다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법이 조명 변화에 적응적으로 대처하면서 자연스럽게 피부 톤을 변환 시켜줄 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.1187-1194
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• 2005

In this paper, new contrast enhancement algorithms that use temporal decimation method and approximated CDF(Cumulative Distribution Function) are proposed. They reduce the amount of computation which is required for image contrast enhancement. Simulation results show that the algorithms can achieve significant reduction in the computational cost and the hardware complexity. Visual test and standard deviation of their histogram have been introduced to evaluate the resultant output images of the proposed method and the original ones.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.523-526
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• 2011

This is concerned with the structural reliability analysis(RA) considering uncertainties in material properties. This method is performed by the stochastic process using Kriging with calculating the distribution of probability and equation of limit state for saving calculated and analyzed time. The proposed methodology is applied to the rocket motor case and compared with monte-calro simulation in efficiency and accuracy of this process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.100-107
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• 1999

This paper describes a probabilistic remaining life assessment program for the creep crack growth. The probabilistic life assessment program is developed to increase the reliability of life assessment. The probabilistic life assessment involves some uncertainties, such as, initial crack size, material properties, and loading condition, and a triangle distribution function is used for random variable generation. The resulting information provides the engineer with an assessment of the probability of structural failure as a function of operating time given the uncertainties in the input data. This study forms basis of the probabilistic life assessment technique and will be extended to other damage mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.15-23
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• 2018

The occurrence of soil erosions in Korea is mostly driven by flowing water which has a close relationship with rainfalls. The soil eroded by rainfalls flows into and deposits in the river and it polluted the water resources and making the rivers become difficult to be managed. Recently, the frequency of heavy rainfall events that are more than 30 mm/hr has been increasing in Korea due to the influence of climate change, which creating a favourable condition for the occurrence of soil erosion within a short time. In this study, we proposed a method to estimate the distribution of rainfall intensity and to calculate the energy produced by a single rainfall event using the cumulative distribution function that take into account of the physical characteristics of rainfall. The raindrops kinetic energy estimated by the proposed method are compared with the measured data from the previous studies and it is noticed that the raindrops kinetic energy estimated by the rainfall intensity variation is very similar to the results concluded from the previous studies. In order to develop an equation for estimating rainfall kinetic energy, rainfall particle size data measured at a rainfall intensity of 0.254~152.4 mm/hr were used. The rainfall kinetic energy estimated by applying the cumulative distribution function tended to increase in the form of a power function in the relation of rainfall intensity. Based on the equation obtained from this relationship, the rainfall kinetic energy of 1~80 mm/hr rainfall intensity was estimated to be $0.03{\sim}48.26Jm^{-2}mm^{-1}$. Based on the relationship between rainfall intensity and rainfall energy, rainfall kinetic energy equation is proposed as a power function form and it is expected that it can be used in the design of short-term operated facility such as the sizing of sedimentation basin that requires prediction of soil loss by a single rainfall event.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.9A no.2
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• pp.267-270
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• 2002

The evaluation of the cumulative distribution function of the noncentral $\chi^2$ distribution is required in approximate determination of the power of the $\chi^2$ test. This article provides an algorithm for evaluating the noncentral $\chi^2$ distribution function in terms of a single "central" $\chi^2$ distribution function and compared various approximations.ximations.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.177-183
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• 1997

The cumulative function of the noncentral t distribution calculate power in testing equality of means of two normal populations and confidence intervals for the ratio of population mean to standard deviation. In this paper, the evaluation of the cumulative function of noncentral t distribution is applied to the neural network consists of the multi-layer perception structure and learning process has the algorithm of the backpropagation. Numerical comparisons are made between the Fisher's values and the results obtained by neural network theory.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.395-407
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• 2020

Most classification accuracy measures for optimal threshold are divided into two types: one is expressed with cumulative distribution functions and probability density functions, the other is based on ROC curve and AUC. Unal (2017) proposed the index of union (IU) as an accuracy measure that considers two types to get them. In this study, ten kinds of accuracy measures (including IU) are divided into six categories, and the advantages of the IU are studied by comparing the measures belonging to each category. The optimal thresholds of these measures are obtained by setting various normal mixture distributions; subsequently, the first and second type of errors as well as the error sums corresponding to each threshold are calculated. The properties and characteristics of the IU statistic are explored by comparing the discriminative power of other accuracy measures based on error values.The values of the first type error and error sum of IU statistic converge to those of the best accuracy measures of the second category as the mean difference between the two distributions increases. Therefore, IU could be an accuracy measure to evaluate the discriminant power of a model.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.277-286
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• 2012

For credit assessment models, the ROC curves evaluate the classification performance using two univariate cumulative distribution functions of the false positive rate and true positive rate. In this paper, it is extended to two bivariate normal distribution functions of default and non-default borrowers; in addition, the bivariate ROC curves are proposed to represent the joint cumulative distribution functions by making use of the linear function that passes though the mean vectors of two score random variables. We explore the classification performance based on these ROC curves obtained from various bivariate normal distributions, and analyze with the corresponding AUROC. The optimal threshold could be derived from the bivariate ROC curve using many well known classification criteria and it is possible to establish an optimal cut-off criteria of bivariate mixture distribution functions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.790-805
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• 1988

Static strength and fatigue life scattering of glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials has been studied. Normal, lognormal, two-parameter and three-parameter Weibull distribution functions are used for strength and one-stress fatigue life distribution. The value of mean fatigue life is analysed using mean fatigue life, mean log fatigue life and expected value of 2 and 3-parameter Weibull distribution functions. Modification on non-statistical cumulative damage models is made in order to interpret the result of two-stress level fatigue life scattering. The comparison results show that 3-parameter Weibull distribution has better predictions in static strength and one-stress level fatigue life distributions. However, no advantage of 3-parameter Weibll distribution is found over 2-parameter Weibull distribution in two-stress level fatigue life predictions. It is found that two-stress level fatigue life prediction by the expanded equal rank assumption is close to the experimental data.