• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.384-388
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• 1977

Clay-polymer thickened greases were made by dispersing bentone-polyethylene and bentone-atactic polypropylene into mineral oil at an adequate temperature, and the physical properties such as wear and water washout characteristics, oxidation and shear stabilities, and dropping point of the greases were tested. Even if the greases failed to meet some properties, it was found that those greases can be used for some special purposes, by observing and comparing the properties with those of clay-metallic soap thickened greases that were made in this experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.233-240
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• 2002

표고버섯의 재배는 농촌 부업뿐만 아니라 농한기의 노동력 이용면에서 유리하고, 영양학적으로 혈압강하물질, 빈혈치료물질, 제암물질 등이 함유되어 있음이 밝혀져 영양식품, 또는 건강식품으로 그 진가를 더욱 평가받게 되었으며 주로 동양에서 많이 소비되었으나 서양에서도 소비가 증가하여 수요는 날로 증가하고 있어 표고재배 사업의 전망은 매우 밝다(이, 1982). 그러나 아직까지 고품질 버섯의 생산이나 버섯의 상품성을 높이기 위한 연구들은 미흡한 실정이다. 국내의 표고버섯은 생산량의 50% 이상이 건조되어 유통되므로 표고버섯의 건조특성에 관한 연구는 필수적이며 특히 건조 뿐 아니라 가공 및 저장의 가장 기초적인 자료로 이용되는 평형함수율에 관한 명확한 구명이 요구된다. (중략)

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 1992

Apparent diffusion coefficients of Cl- ions through hardened cement pastes(HCP), which were partly subs¬tituted blast furnace slag, fly ash and silicafume for ordinary Portland cement, were determined. Also. Cl- and OW concentration of pore solutions which were extracted from HCP and the capacities of the HCP to bind CI were determined. Diffusion coefficients of Cl- ions through HCP were increased with water cement ratio(WfC), but decreased with addition of the blending materials. On the contrary, Cl- and OH concentration of the pore solutions were reduced by adding the blending materials.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

일개 농촌 마을에서 농한기를 활용하여 시행된 근골격계 질환 예방사업을 소개하고 주요 사업결과를 분석하여 농업인의 건강증진을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 2006년 12월 5일부터 2007년 1월 26일까지 사곳리 마을회관을 12회 방문하여 4번의 기초교육과 5번의 심화교육 등 9번의 근력 및 유연성 강화교육을 실시하였다. 교육 전(사전평가), 기초교육과 심화교육 사이(중간평가), 교육 후(최종평가) 등 3회에 걸쳐 의사 2인에 의한 근골격계 질환 평가, 시각통증척도에 의한 근골격계 통증 평가, 생활체육 전문가 3인에 의한 좌우의 악력, 배근력, 하지근력, 몸통, 어깨, 하지, 무릎유연성 측정을 통한 근골격계 근력 및 유연성 평가, 설문지를 사용한 어깨, 허리, 무릎의 기능 평가를 실시하였다. 총 12회의 일정 중 1회 이상 참석한 농업인은 총 57명이었으며 남자가 20명(35.1%), 여자가 37명(64.9%)이었으며 평균 연령은 60.7(±8.1)세였다. 근골격계 질환 검진에서 한 번 이상의 검진을 받았던 43명중 32명(74%)이 한 가지 이상의 근골격계 질환을 가지고 있었으며, 퇴행성관절염이 26명(60.5%), 근막통 증후군이 19명(44.2%), 허리디스크가 10명(23.3%)이었다.목어깨, 허리, 무릎다리의 통증정도는 1차, 2차 평가 간, 2차, 3차 평가 간, 1차, 3차 평가 간의 비교에서 모두 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 3차 평가에서 1차 평가에 비해 목어깨, 허리, 무릎다리 모두 유의한 통증의 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 근골격계의 기능을 1차, 2차 평가 간, 2차, 3차 평가 간, 1차, 3차 평가 간 비교한 결과 모두 기능점수가 우수하게 변화했으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 근력 및 유연성 정도는 좌우의 악력, 배근력, 하지근력, 몸통, 어깨, 하지, 무릎유연성을 측정하였으며 1차 평가에 비해 3차 평가에서 모든 항목에서 근력 및 유연성 정도가 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05).연구대상자의 수가 적었고, 농한기에 의한 근골격계 질환의 개선 효과를 배제할 수는 없었지만 이번연구를 통하여 일부 농업인에서 근골격계 질환 관리 프로그램 실시 후 근골격계 질환의 단기적인 개선효과를 볼 수 있었다. 근골격계 질환의 중장기적인 개선효과를 기대할 수 있는 추가적인 연구와 농번기를 통한 관리 프로그램에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.652-663
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to assess the physical activity level of Korean farmers to establish estimated energy requirements during the off-season. Subjects were 90 healthy males (n = 25) and females (n = 65). Body weight, height and body fat and muscles of subjects were measured. The prevalence of obesity among farmers was 56.7% according to the BMI. The farmers spent about 18 hours 7 minutes (75.5%) in sleeping and resting. The farmers spent about 19 hours 56 minutes (83.1%) out of 24 hours (one day) in "sedentary activities" and spent about 3 hours 56 minutes (16.4%) in "light activities". Physical activity level (PAL, activity coefficient) of female farmers was 1.42 which was not significantly higher than that (1.37) of male farmers. Estimated energy requirements (EER) for farmers who were different in age groups and gender were calculated. For example, the EERs for male and female farmers were 2190 kcal/day and 1712 kcal/day, respectively. The daily energy intakes of male and female farmers were 1803 kcal/day and 1610 kcal/day, respectively. The EER of male farmers was 2190 kcal/day which was significantly higher than that (1803 kcal/day) of the recommended daily energy intake of male farmers. The results of this study suggest that estimated EER of farmers should be modified according to seasonal workload and energy balance of farmers should be evaluated to prevent obesity.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.5 s.83
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• pp.205-222
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze time-use of rural families. The data for 9l4 persons or 400 farm households in eight provinces were collected using time diary. The results were as follows. 1) The time-use of the farming season were different from that of the off-filming season in rural area. 2) In the case of farm wort the working hours of husband were significantly longer than those of wife during the farming and of-filming season. In contrast the working hours of wife for housekeeping were significantly longer than those of husband during both seasons. 3) The time spent of work by rural adults is much longer than average work hours of adults in general during the farming season. And the rural adults spend less time in leisure compared to the adults in general during the farming season.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.49-56
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• 2003

The strain Ralstonia eutopha JMP134 (formerly Alcaligenes eutrophus JMP134) can degrade trichloroethylene(TCE) through a chromosomal phenol-dependent pathway. The phenol hydroxylase was previously found to be a single responsible enzyme for TEC degradation. Here, we demonstrate that a recombinant bacterium, R. eutopha AEK301, one of Tn5-induced mutants of JMP134 containing a recombinant plasmid pYK3011, degrades TCE in the absence of inducer, phenol and in the presence of various carbon sources. Complete removal of TCE ($50{\mu}M$) was observed in minimal medium containing only 0.05% ethanol as a carbon source within 24 hours. The bacterium removed $200{\mu}M$ of TCE to below detectable level within two days under non-selective pressure. When TCE concentration was increased up to $400{\mu}M$, the degradation had been continued until two days, then ceased with removal of 70% of detectable TCE.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.319-330
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• 2009

This study investigated the field application and the acceptance test of the meal service for the elderly (${\ge}$ 65 years) community halls in Jeonnam and Gyeongbuk. The acceptance scores of bean rice and glutinous rice were the highest among the tested cooked rice varieties in Jeonnam and in Gyeongbuk, respectively (P<0.05). The acceptance scores of tofu soybean paste soup and spinach bean paste soup were the highest among different soups, in Jeonnam and Gyeongbuk, respectively. The scores of menu 5 (bean rice, tofu and bean paste soup, pan-fried pork, green laver salad, kimchi, soy milk) and menu 1 (cereal rice, fermented soy bean soup, hard-boiled quail's egg, crown daisy salad, kimchi, mandarin) were the highest in Jeonnam and Gyeongbuk, respectively, in terms of overall acceptance (P<0.05). The average cost of each meal in two provinces was $2012{\pm}323$ won. The amount of leftovers from menu 5 (Bean rice, Tofu and soybean paste soup, Pan-fried pork, Seasoned green laver, Kimchi, Soy milk) was the lowest in Jeonnamin, while the one from menu 2 (rice, leaf beet and soybean paste soup, sated vegetables with potato noodle, hard-boiled potato, kimchi, cherry tomato) was the lowest in Gyeongbuk.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.111-132
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• 2007

The purposes of this study are to analyze the time use patterns of rice and barley for farm couples. The data used for this study were collected from farm households during the farming seasons (17th to 30th June) and the off-farming seasons (28th November to 11th December) of 2005, using a time diary. The sample for this study consisted of 118 couples, whose principal crops were rice and barley, living in rural area in eight provinces. SPSS Win 12.0 was utilized to analyze the data. The statistical methods used were frequency, percentage and paired t-test. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, the personal care time of wives was shorter than that of husbands, regardless of the fanning period, with the couples showing more personal care time during the off-farming season than during the farming season. Secondly, the total work(paid work plus housework) time of wives was longer than that of husbands during both the farming season and the off-farming season, showing that the labor burden of wives was bigger than that of husbands. Compared to the farming season, the total work time for both husbands and wives was shorter during the off-farming season, due to reduced farm work time, but the housework time increased for both husbands and wives. Thirdly, the leisure time of husbands was longer than that of wives during both seasons. The leisure time increased for both husbands and wives during the off-farming season, but the portion of the increase was bigger for husbands than for wives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1381-1391
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• 2009

Dietary life style of the elderly living in rural areas of Gyeongbuk Andong during the busy farming season was surveyed and a monthly meal plan for the elderly was developed using eco-friendly native crops and considering the characteristics of a busy farming season and their preferences. A week meal plan was selected and applied to those fields. The meal plan was developed for an elder's house in Gyeongbuk Andong during the busy farming season. Especially, to increase the intake of calcium and dietary fiber, bamboo sprouts, pepper leaves, dried slices of whitebait, and fried anchovies were used. Considering the busy farming season, the ginseng chicken soup and the soybean noodle soup were served to provide high quality of protein and to improve health condition. A cold soup of cucumber and brown seaweed was used to supplement liquid, vitamins, and minerals. The results are as follows: the highest score of the preference on a staple was 8.77 for the boiled barley of menu 5; the favorite soup was the ginseng chicken soup (8.73) in menu 4; for side dishes, those in menu 5 were most popular (8.69); the favorite meal was the ginseng chicken soup of menu 4 (8.69). Regarding the amount of leftover foods, the lightest was 30.14 g in Gyeongbuk Andong menu 3 which significantly indicates high preference (p<0.05). The current study was a planned meal service menu using local crops and seasonal foods, which was actually applied to the field resulting in high preference and satisfaction levels.