• Title/Summary/Keyword: 농축

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Quality Characteristics of Hard Roll Bread with Concentrated Sweet Pumpkin Powder (농축단호박 분말을 대체한 하드롤 빵의 품질 특성)

  • Lee, Chan-Ho;Chun, Soon-Sil;Kim, Mun-Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.37 no.7
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    • pp.914-920
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    • 2008
  • In this study, hard roll breads were prepared with 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% of concentrated sweet pumpkin powder (CSPP). The samples and a control were then compared in terms of quality characteristics, including pH, total titratable acidity, fermentation power of dough expansion, specific volume, baking loss, moisture content, color, textural characteristics, external and internal surface appearances, and sensory qualities of bread in order to determine the optimal ratio of CSPP in the formulation. As CSPP content increased, pH of dough, specific volume, baking loss, and lightness of bread decreased, while total titratable acidity of dough, pH, total titratable acidity, moisture content, and redness of bread increased. Fermentation power of dough expansion increased as incubation time increased. The CSPP samples had significantly higher yellowness, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience than the control group. Adhesiveness was the highest at the 12% substitution level, while the lowest at the 6% level. Springiness increased with increasing CSPP content. In the sensory evaluation, as CSPP content increased, scores for color and consistency of crumb decreased, while scores for aroma of sweet pumpkin, sweetness, and delicious taste increased. Density of crumb pore were maximal with the 12% CSPP substitution. The CSPP samples had significantly higher uniformity of crumb pore and springiness of crumb than the control group. However, mouth-feel and overall acceptability showed the reverse effect, obtaining fairly good scores. In conclusion, the results indicate that substituting $6{\sim}9%$ CSPP to hard roll bread is optimal, providing good physiological properties as well as reasonably high overall acceptability.

Effects of mulberry concentrate on lipid oxidation of Yackwa during its storage (오디 농축액이 약과의 저장 중 지질산패에 미치는 영향)

  • Shin, Suk-Kyung;Kim, Hyun-Jeong;Kim, Mee-Ree
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.483-490
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    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the quality and to inhibit the lipid oxidation of Yackwa with 0, 1, 2, or 3% mulberry concentrate added. We stored Yackwa at $60^{\circ}C$ for three weeks. After the three-week storage, the acid value of the Yackwa with mulberry concentrate was lower than that of the control Yackwa. The hydroperoxide value (22.39 meq/kg) of the Yackwa with 3% mulberry concentrate at two weeks of storage was 50% lower than that of the control Yackwa (47.03 meq/kg). Also, after three-week storage, the TBA value of the Yackwa with 3% mulberry concentrate was about two times lower than that of the control group. The L and b values in the Hunter color system of the Yackwa with mulberry concentrate decreased significantly as the amount of the mulberry added increased, whereas the a value increased. The antioxidant activity, such as the DPPH radical scavenging activity, significantly increased in the Yackwa with mulberry concentrate, unlike in the control. These results might have been caused by the mulberry concentrate, which contains an antioxidant. The ability of the mulberry concentrate to delay the rancidity of the Yackwa was due to its antioxidant activity.

Moisture Adsorption Preventative Effect of Fermented Red Ginseng Extract Spherical Granules by Using Hydrophobic Compounds (홍삼의 지용성 성분을 이용한 발효홍삼 농축액 알갱이의 흡습방지 효과)

  • Shin, Myung-Gon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.45 no.8
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    • pp.1153-1161
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    • 2016
  • For prevention of moisture adsorption, the fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules were coated by using hydrophobic fractions. The hydrophobic parts were extracted from red ginseng such as the perfect soluble part in 90% ethanol (PSE) and non-soluble part in hot water (NSHW). The optimum operating conditions for making fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules coated with PSE were a feeding rate (FR) of 0.49 mL/min, atomization air pressure (AP) of 2.14 bar, and product temperature (PT) of $48.96^{\circ}C$., whereas conditions for granules coated with NSHW were a FR of 0.61 mL/min, AP of 2.75 bar, and PT of $46.30^{\circ}C$. The solubility of coated fermented red ginseng extract spherical granule was lower than that of not coated. The fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules coated with NSHW showed more preventative effects for moisture adsorption than those coated with PSE, although there were no differences in solubility and fluidity. In the sensory evaluation, granules coated with hydrophobic fractions extracted from red ginseng were shown to be bitterer and less soluble than those not coated spherical granules. In conclusion, fermented red ginseng extract spherical granules coated with hydrophobic extracts from red ginseng showed a preventative effect against moisture.

Effects of Concentrated Pig Slurry Separated from Membrane Filter and Several Environment-Friendly Agro-Materials Mixtures on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in Hydroponics (막분리 돈분농축액비와 몇가지 친환경농자재의 혼합액이 수경재배에서 상추의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryoo, Jong-Won
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.51-60
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    • 2010
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrated pig slurry separated from membrane filter and by environment-friendly agro-materials mixtures on growth of lettuce in hydroponics. The swine waste treatment system having a ultra filtration and a reverse osmosis process was designed in this study. Filtration of pig slurry was necessary to prevent the hose clogging in hydroponics. Primary separation using ultra filter was followed by concentration by RO (Reverse Osmosis). The concentrated pig slurry (CS) was mixed by five different environment-friendly agro-materials mixtures. The chemical nutrient solution was the solution of National Horticulture Research Station for the growth of lettuce. The concentration of nutrient solution in hydroponics was adjusted a range of 1.5 mS/cm in EC. The concentrated pig slurry was low in phosphorus(P), suspended solid and heavy matal, but rich in potassium (K). The concentrated slurry was lowest in the growth characteristics of leaf lettuce. And also SPAD value in leaf was reduced in plot treated with concentrated slurry. But the growth of lettuce in the mixtures plot (CS+BM+AA, CS+BM+AA+SW) in hydroponics was significantly high compared to concentrated slurry. The fresh yield of lettuce was 78, 84% that of nutrient solution as 131.9, 142.2g in plot of CS+BM+AA and CS+BM+AA+SW, respectively. Our studies have shown that it is possible to produce organic culture using concentrated slurry and environment-friendly agro-materials mixture, although growth is slower than when using a conventional inorganic hydroponic solution.

Milk Concentration by Commerical Tubular Membranes (관형 상용막에 의한 우유 농축)

  • 김인철;김정학;탁태문
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 1999
  • Milk was concentrated by commercial tubular membranes, The permeation rate reduction of hydrophilic membranes (sulfonated poly sulfone (SPSf), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cellulose acetate (CA)) was found not to be large but hydrophobic membranes to be pronounced considerably, In the case of UF concentration total solids, proteins, fats and minerals were increased as concentrated but carbohydrates decreased. NF showed the same behavior except carbohydrates showing small reduction rate.

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A Study on the Ethanol Concentration Characteristics of Commercial Membranes for Countercurrent Reverse Osmosis Process (향류식 역삼투공정에 의한 상용막의 에탄올 농축특성 연구)

  • 진병복;이광현;민병렬
    • Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1991.04a
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 1991
  • 역삼투공정은 선택적 투과성을 가진 막을 이용하여 혼합용액으로부터 특정물질을 분리, 농축 또는 정제하기 위하여 널리 응용되는 분리막기술중의 하나이며, 연속공정이 용이하고 단순히 압력만을 가하는 물리적 조작이므로 원리 및 장치가 간단하여 해수 담수화, 폐수처리, 유용물질 회수, 초순수제조, 식품 및 의약품의 분리, 농축 등 여러 산업분야에서 응용되고 있다. 그러나 매우 큰 삼투압을 나타내는 용액의 농축을 위해서는 삼투압보다 큰 적용압력을 가해주어야 하나 사용된 막은 일정압력 이상에서는 수축되어 제기능을 발휘하지 못하게 되므로 일반적인 역삼투공정으로써는 큰 삼투압을 나타내는 용액의 농축에는 사용될 수 없다. 이는 용액의 삼투압이 씨스템에서 가해줄 수 있는 압력보다 커지기 때문으로, 이 삼투압차를 줄여줄 수 있다면 같은 압력에서도 더 큰 농축효과를 얻을 수 있다.

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가압경수로의 반응도조절용 B-10 농축붕산 사용에 관한 기술현황분석

  • 김은기;이창규;서영남;배윤영;전관식
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.591-602
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    • 1995
  • 가압경수로에서는 장기적인 반응도 조절을 위하여 B-10과 B-11을 함유한 천연붕산을 사용한다. 천연붕산의 사용으로 원자로냉각재의 붕소농도가 높기 때문에 pH를 적정한 범위로 유지하기 위하여 많은 양의 수산화리튬이 주입된다. 이로 인한 높은 리튬 농도는 증기발생기 재질의 응력부식균열과 핵연료피복재의 산화를 촉진시키는 등의 부작용을 초래할 수 있다고 보고되었다. 따라서 본 고에서는 천연붕산을 B-10 함량이 높은 농축붕산으로 대체하는 경우에 대한 기술적, 경제적 영향을 조사하고 검토하였다. 조사 결과, 농축붕산은 원전의 일차계통 수질화학, 부식생성물의 방사화에 의한 선량율, 보조계통 설계, 액체폐기물 발생량관점에서 여러가지 이점이 있을 수 있으며, 노심설계, 안전해석, 발전소 인허가 등의 관점에서는 문제가 없다고 밝혀졌다. 현재 천연붕산으로 운전중인 원전에서는 농축붕산의 경제성이 발전소의 주어진 제반여건에 의존하고, 농축붕산의 가격에 따라 크게 차이가 있는 것으로 보고되었다. 국내에 신규 원전이 계속적으로 건설되고 있는 현실에 비추어 볼 때, 발전소의 경제성과 안전성을 향상시키기 위하여 농축붕산 사용에 대한 타당성을 좀 더 면밀히 분석 할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

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Changes of Browning, Microbiological and Sensory Characteristics of Concentrated Garlic Juices during Storage (마늘 농축액의 저장 중 갈변도, 미생물 및 관능적 특성의 변화)

  • 배수경;김미라
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.394-399
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    • 1998
  • The juice of garlic (Euichun variety) was extracted and concentrated by heating at 90$^{\circ}C$, by using a rotary vacuum evaporator at 45$^{\circ}C$, or by freezing at -50$^{\circ}C$ until the volume was reduced to 70% of the original's. The concentrated garlic juice was packed into 15 ml test tubes wrapped with aluminum foil and kept at 4$^{\circ}C$ or 25$^{\circ}C$ for 60 days. Changes of browning, microbiological and sensory characteristics of the concentrated garlic juices were monitored every 10 days. The specific gravity and viscosity of the prepared juices decreased in the juices concentrated at 90$^{\circ}C$, 45$^{\circ}C$ and -50$^{\circ}C$ in order. Browning of the concentrated garlic juices was slower during the storage at 4$^{\circ}C$ than at 25$^{\circ}C$. Browning occurred rapidly in the juice concentrated at 45$^{\circ}C$ during the storage, especially at 25$^{\circ}C$. The numbers of mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria in the juices did not increase significantly during the storage, which means the garlic juices had good shelf-life. The CFUs/ml of garlic juice concentrated at 90$^{\circ}C$ were lower about 1 to 2 log cycles than those in other concentrated juices. The juice concentrated at 90$^{\circ}C$ showed the weakest garlic odor and the strongest cooked odor among the juices. The juice concentrated at -50$^{\circ}C$ had the freshest odor, especially stored at 4$^{\circ}C$, but the juice concentrated at 90$^{\circ}C$ had lowest score in fresh odor. Brown color was dark in the juice concentrated at 45$^{\circ}C$ and green color of all the juices did not change significantly during the storage.

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Growth of Three Sprout Vegetables and Absorption Characteristics of Vanadium according to Jeju Water Concentration (제주 Water 농축에 따른 3종 새싹채소의 생장 및 Vanadium의 흡수 특성)

  • Park, Sung-Hwan;Yun, Ji-Hyun;Lee, Jin-Ha;Lee, Ok-Hwan;Cho, Ju-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.46 no.7
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    • pp.816-821
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    • 2017
  • Vanadium is a trace mineral present in dietary sources, most commonly vegetables. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth and vanadium absorption characteristics of Brassica napus L., Fagopyrum esculentum, and Hordeum vulgare L. using different Jeju water concentrations. The growth of three sprout vegetables and absorption characteristics of vanadium were different depending on Jeju water concentration containing vanadium. In the case of B. napus L. and H. vulgare L., germination rate was inhibited by increasing Jeju water concentration, whereas in F. esculentum, the best germination rate (60.7 %) was obtained at 40 times concentration of Jeju water (vanadium, 1.34 mg/L). For the sprout growth, growth of shoots increased with increasing Jeju water concentration, but root growth was gradually inhibited by increasing Jeju water concentration. For the absorption of vanadium by Jeju water concentration, vanadium was not detected in H. vulgare L. The vanadium contents of B. napus L. and F. esculentum were 4.2 mg/kg and 2.9 mg/kg at 10 times concentration of Jeju water (vanadium, 0.46 mg/L), respectively.

참외식초/농축액을 함유한 참외농축음료의 저장조건 모니터링

  • 이기동;김숙경;윤성란;김정옥;정재순
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.168-169
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    • 2003
  • 현재 참외는 생산량의 대부분이 생과로 소비되고 있으나, 저장성이 낮아 새로운 가공식품 개발이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 참외식초/참외농축액을 함유하는 참외농축음료를 제조하였으며, 유통기간 동안 품질변화를 알아보기 위해 저장온도 및 저장시간에 따른 품질변화를 조사하였다. 배합조건에 따라 배합한 참외농축음료를 8$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 살균한 후 저장온도 및 시간에 따른 품질변화 및 관능적 특성변화를 모니터링하였다. 저장온도(20, 30, 40, 50, 6$0^{\circ}C$) 및 저장시간(0, 2, 4, 5, 8 week)을 독립변수(Xi.)로 하여 달리한 각 실험조건을 -2, -1, 0, 1, 2의 다신 단계로 부호화하고 실험조건을 설계한 다음 각 조건에서 저장된 참외음료의 품질특성(종속변수, Yn)을 모니터링하였다. 관능검사는 선정된 패널요원을 대상으로 4$^{\circ}C$에서 저장한 대조구와의 색상, 향, 맛 및 전반적인 기호도가 어떻게 달라지는가를 평가하였으며, 색도 및 갈색도를 측정하였다. 또한 제조된 참외 농축 음료를 저장하면서 미생물의 생육유무를 확인하기 위해 Petrifilm을 사용하여 미생물의 유무를 확인하였다. 참외식초/참외농축액을 이용한 참외농축음료를 제조하여 음료의 저장온도 및 저장시간에 따른 관능적인 특성 및 품질 특성을 모니터링하면서 저장성 실험을 통해 저장안전성을 평가한 결과 저장시간 및 저장온도에 따른 관능적인 색상은 1.6~4.0의 값을 나타내었으며, 향은 2.3~4.0의 값을 나타내었으며, 맛은 1.8~4.0의 값을, 전반적인 기호도는 2.1~4.0의 감을 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 이화학적 품질 검사 결과, 색도L(백색도)값은 21.79~87.23, 색도 a(적색도)값은 -1.27~35.79의 값을 나타내었으며, 색도 b(황색도)값은 16.57~18.89의 값을 나타내었다. 갈색도는 0.386~3.214의 값을 나타내었으며, PH는 4.02~4.24의 값을 나타내었다. 일반미생물은 검사 결과 모든 조건에서 검출되지 않았다. 참외농축음료를 8$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 살균하여 미생물학적 품질 검사 결과 저장온도 및 저장시간에 따라 미생물이 검출되지 않았으며, 유통하기에 적합한 음료가 제조됨을 검증할 수 있었다.

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