• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.30-43
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• 2022

In this study, elementary students' science communication competence was investigated based on the grammatical features expressed in their language-use in classroom discourse and science writings. The classes were designed to integrate the evidence-based reasoning framework and traditional learning cycle and were conducted on fifth graders in an elementary school. Eight elementary students' discourse data and writings were analyzed using lexico-grammatical resource analysis, which examined the discourse text's content and logical relations. The results revealed that the student language used in analyzing data, interpreting evidence, or constructing explanations did not precisely conform to the grammatical features in science language use. However, they provided examples of grammatical metaphors by nominalizing observed events in the classroom discourses and those of causal relations in their writings. Thus, elementary students can use science language grammatically from science language-use experiences through listening to a teacher's instructional discourses or recognizing the grammatical structures of science texts in workbooks. The opportunities in which elementary students experience the language-use model in science learning need to be offered to understand the appropriate language use in the epistemic context of evidence-based reasoning and learn literacy skills in science.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.931-940
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• 2001

In this paper, I propose Fuzzy Policing Mechanism(FPM) over ATM networks for the control of traffic which is unpredictable and bursty source. The FPM is consist of counter, subtracter and Fuzzy Logic Controller(FLC). The FLC is divided to fuzzifier, inference engine and defuzzifer The output of FLC inputs to the subtractor and it controls the counter. The counter works as a switch in transmission of cells. In simulation, I compared the FPM with the Leaky Bucket algorithm(LBM) in cell loss probability and performance characteristics. As a result, FPM gives lower cell loss probability than that of LBM and has good response behavior The FPM efficiently controls the transmission of packets which are variable traffic source and, it also has good selectivity.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.815-825
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• 2007

The existing web-based self-directed learning systems are in short for the ability of learning skills assessment. Even worse, hey only give test scores as an indicate for test skills, which is also not a good measure for learning skills assessment and makes it difficult to assess learning skills objectively and to present clear assessment criterion. In this paper, we proposed an improved self-directed learning system using fuzzy logic, which can be controlled by learners themselves and helps to evaluate their on learning process. We also implemented the system on the written examination of Engineer Information Processing. The purposed system lust calculates membership functions of learning tine, learning frequency, testing time, and test score. Using them the final membership functions of learning and test skills are calculated and presented in a graphical, i.e. mon understandable, way to user. The purposed system helps learners to assess their achievement and to plan future schedule, and the survey result on the students used the system also supports that.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2015

Place awareness is an essential for location-based services that are widely provided to smartphone users. However, traditional GPS-based methods are only valid outdoors where the GPS signal is strong and also require symbolic place information of the physical location. In this paper, environmental sounds and images are used to recognize important aspects of each place. The proposed method extracts feature vectors from visual, auditory and location data recorded by a smartphone with built-in camera, microphone and GPS sensors modules. The heterogeneous feature vectors were then learned by an ensemble learning method that learns each group of feature vectors for each classifier respectively and votes to produce the highest weighted result. The proposed method is evaluated for place recognition using a data group of 3000 samples in six places and the experimental results show a remarkably improved recognition accuracy when using all kinds of sensory data comparing to results using data from a single sensor or audio-visual integrated data only.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.73-84
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• 2014

Recently, researches on the application of IT technology to various fields including traditional industries are becoming more popular. One challenge in the field of education is to understand the way how technology may support learning, and research on self-directed learning has been accelerated by integrating education and IT technology. The process of self-directed learning in e-learning applications such as Car Maintenance Training is very difficult and complicated. Previous studies on car maintenance training applications provided simple training scenarios with predetermined action sequences. To incorporate self-directed learning in car maintenance training, however, trainees must be able to perform various maintenance operations himself and experience various situations. To provide such functionality, it is necessary to obtain an accurate response for various operations of trainees, but it requires complicated calculations with respect to varieties in the electrical and mechanical processes of a car. In this paper, we develop a logic simulation agent using JESS inference engine in which self-directed learning is achieved by capturing the behavior of trainees and simulating car operations without complicated physical simulations in car maintenance training.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.137
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• pp.1-31
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• 2016

The aim of this paper is to put forward the significance that Dewey's naturalistic theory of value has today in examining how value arises from experience. This is a necessary discussion as logical-positivists bring about the problem of fact/value dichotomy and further deny the possibility of intellectual discussion on value judgments. In this situation, the task that the discussion on value must be resolved is to go beyond the problem of fact/value dichotomy and to confer objectivity upon value judgments. In the stream of analytic philosophy, the significance of Dewey's theory of value is revealed by how Putnam and Johnson receive it. To overcome the problem of dichotomy, Putnam asserts that they are entangled because the value arises from a criticism through scientific inquiry. Also Johnson proves that Dewey's moral deliberation as valuation is wedded with cognition, feeling, and imagination by the research on cognitive science and shows that Dewey's theory of value is un-relativistic because it is on the basis of shared experience. So, if the absolute value is not given to us, Dewey's theory of value shows us how value is made by open inquiry. It has the significance of proposing the direction that the theory of value orients itself today.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.14 no.6 s.53
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• pp.399-410
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• 2004

The utilization of AS(Artificial Intelligence) and Database could be considered as an useful access for the application of underground information from the point of a geotechnical methodology. Its detailed usage has been recently studied in many fields of geo-sciences. In this paper, the target of usage is on controlling the injection of grout which more scientific access is needed in the grouting that has been used a major method in many engineering application. As the proposals for this problem it is suggested the methodology consisting of a fuzzy-neural hybrid system and a database. The database was firstly constructed for parameters dynamically varied according to the conditions of rock mass during the injection of grout. And then the conceptional model for the fuzzy-neural hybrid system was investigated fer optimally finding the controlling range of the grout valve. The investigated model applied to four cases, and it is found that the controlling range of the grout valve was reasonably deduced corresponding to the mechanical phenomena occurred by the injection of grout. Consequently, the algorithm organizing the fuzzy-neural hybrid system and the database as a system can be considered as a tool for controlling the injection condition of grout.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.735-747
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• 2010

This study explains a turning to being cultured and geography management to get closer to popularization and specialization of geography, for which based on the assumption that they are for development of knowledge. It adopts the idea of human's geographical nature to solve the dualism which geography is referred as science and art. An object geographer studies is homogeneous, temporal as well as identifical and individual. To adopt human's geographical nature causes to human's geographical investigation, and uniting positivism to humanism. It deduces from the Bible and Evolutionism that it is characteristic of mobility, adaptabilty, connectivity, ideality, and hybridity. Geographical concepts is based on the fact that it can be applied to geographical research theme. Popularization of geography has to relate to being cultural, and specialization of geography has to relate to geography management.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.315-334
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out the implications on when and how the correlation concept can be taught. we investigate the development time and method of the concept in a statistical perspective those initially have discussed in psychology by Piaget. We first reviewed the 1958 research by Inhelder and Piaget. It was the first one which researched the development of the correlation and has become the foundation of psychological perspective. According to them, the correlation concept needs proportional and probability concept ahead of its development and argued on the coefficient of correlation based on formal and logical position. However, from a statistical perspective, the correlation concept is a part of the distribution concept. So, the level of the correlation concept grows from the comparison of conditional distributions to the conditional probability distribution where the proportional concept and probability concept are applied. As reviewed through the literature, we found that 11-12 years old students in early formal operation stage reasoned about correlation through the comparison of conditional distributions. In our study, we argue that we need to consider the possibility of beginning didactic mediation for correlation concept earlier and the method approaching it in a distribution perspective.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.113-130
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• 2010

During the decades, considerable human interventions to comprehend the web information were increased continually. The successful expansion of the web services made it more complex and required more contributions of the users. Many researchers have tried to improve the comprehension ability of computers in supporting an intelligent web service. One reasonable approach is enriching the information with machine understandable semantics. They applied ontology design, intelligent reasoning and other logical representation schemes to design an infrastructure of the semantic web. For the features, the semantic web is considered as an intelligent access to understanding, transforming, storing, retrieving, and processing the information gathered from heterogeneous, distributed web resources. The goal of this study is firstly to explore the problems that restrict the applications of web services and the basic concepts, languages, and tools of the semantic web. Then we highlight some of the researches, solutions, and projects that have attempted to combine the semantic web and business support, and find out the pros and cons of the approaches. Through the study, we were able to know that the semantic web technology is trying to offer a new and higher level of web service to the online users. The services are overcoming the limitations of traditional web technologies/services. In traditional web services, too much human interventions were needed to seek and interpret the information. The semantic web service, however, is based on machine-understandable semantics and knowledge representation. Therefore, most of information processing activities will be executed by computers. The main elements required to develop a semantic web-based business support are business logics, ontologies, ontology languages, intelligent agents, applications, and etc. In using/managing the infrastructure of the semantic web services, software developers, service consumers, and service providers are the main representatives. Some researchers integrated those technologies, languages, tools, mechanisms, and applications into a semantic web services framework. Therefore, future directions of the semantic web-based business support should be start over from the infrastructure.