• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.297-317
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• 2007

In this article, I want to demonstrate wage equality increases support for welfare expenditures while the wage equality depends on how labour market institutions are organized. In other words, this study tries to show that there can be institutional complementarity between inequality-reducing labour market institutions and generous social policy. In the first section, I develop a theoretical models which deal(1) how the inequality of income affects the political support for welfare expenditure(2) how the configurations of labour market institutions affect income inequality in the labour market. In the following section, this study tests the models with data on welfare spending, configurations of labour market institutions, and the inequality of wage and salaries in 14 welfare states from 1980 to 1995. Empirical analysis also provides support for key implications of the models. These models and empirical findings may show that the institutional complementarity stems from the interdependence of institutional influences on actors' decision-making. Moreover, this study suggests welfare policy are always considered with labour market institutions.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-94
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• 2011

This paper criticizes the arguments for the high and rigid reservation wages as main cause of the youth joblessness. First, using longitudinal aspect of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study, I found that there exists declining reservation wage for the young who make the transition from unemployed to employment. Second, the average duration of school-to-work transition in Korea is relatively low compared to that of other countries. Moreover the duration between leaving school and staring the first job has not significantly negative effect on adult labor market outcomes, but the quality of first job and unstable job experiences have serious negative effects on working career. These findings show that the high youth joblessness is due to both decent job deficit and labor market segmentation.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.83-112
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• 1998

The unemployment rate in Korea increased sharply since the deep economic depression. The rapid increase of unemployment rate is attributed, in part, to economic shock, but more basically to the structural problem of labor market. Moreover over 2-3 years later, the labor market perspective looks dismal. To overcome the labor market crisis, the fundamental reforms aimed at improving the labor market function is required. Thus the focus of policy should shift from reducing unemployment to increasing employment.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.55-92
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• 2005

This study examines how the difference in trade openness across manufacturing industries in Korea affects firm's employment strategies and industrial relations, utilizing the Korean establishment panel data. In terms of firm's employment strategy, it is found that trade openness is not associated with a particular employment strategy such as labor cost saving strategy or innovation strategy. This result is consistent with the previous findings that trade liberalization merely affects wages and employment. Moreover, this result disproves, at least for the Korean manufacturing, a general belief that when the domestic market is opened to foreign competition, firms will adopt and rely on labor cost saving strategy intensely. The obtained result concerning the relationship between trade openness and industrial relations is more interesting and informative. It is found that trade openness is positively associated with cooperative industrial relations. Furthermore, the positive relationship is reenforced when the establishment is unionized. This implies that management and union cooperate when they are faced with increased foreign competition as a result of trade liberalization.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2008

This study analyzes the causes of increase in temporary workers observed in the recent Korean labor market. In the analysis of sectors with relatively high ratio of temporary workers, the manufacturing sector tends to hire temporary workers in order to raise profitability, while wholesale & retails and construction sectors tend to employ temporary workers due to the fluctuation of product demand. Another possibility is that with the expansion of college graduates, it is likely that temporary jobs are used as a screening device to reduce the uncertainty of workers quality.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.267-289
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to compare the different characteristics of Korean and Japanese Overseas Direct Investment(ODI) in Asia. An empirical test consists of two parts, the determinants of ODI and the micro characteristics of subsidiaries in Asia between Korea and Japan. Multiple regression and logistic regression model are used in empirical tests as methodology. The coefficient of GDP is significant and positive sign to sole venture in both countries. The coefficient of CPA in Korea is significant and positive sign to joint venture but insignificant in Japan. The coefficient of WAGE in Korea is significant and positive sign to joint venture but is significant and negative sign to joint venture in Japan. The coefficient of LBIT is significant and positive sign to joint venture in Japan. The coefficient of HOME is significant and positive sign to sole venture in both countries.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.141-162
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• 2010

This paper tries to provide empirical support for a formal model of social policy development which has been presented in a former paper of this study. In the direct democracy, median voter's social policy preference is critical because he is Condorcet winner in a pair-wise pure majority voting. But, in the more general setting, we should think of various political institutions as a collective choice device. For this reason, I draw a formal model which formulates three contrasting types of political institutions which are distinguished by the developments of political democracy and the differences of electoral rules. Comparative patterns of key variables which measure political institutions, social policy developments, and social policy preference provide support for my arguments. My empirical results suggest that three political institutions are associated with very different policy outcomes. Compared to other institutions, committee system entails more targeted subsidy, less universal benefit. On the contrary, proportional elections produce more universal benefit, less targeted subsidy.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.37-56
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• 2001

Regarding human capital development and the competitive advantage of regional economies, the transfer of local university graduates to the local labor market is a very important factor. This study aims to investigate the employment structure of university graduates and spatial patterns of their jobs, and the job search strategies to enter the employment system with a case study of Chonnam National University graduates. Because of the lagged industrial structure and peripheral location of Kwangju/Chonnam Province, the employment rate of the university graduates is generally lower than a national average. And there is a strong tendency of the concentration of job places on the metropolitan areas on the one hand, and on the Kwangju/chonnarn and Capital region of Korea on the other. University graduates in searching for jobs especially prefer spatial mobility toward job opportunities In other regions to promoting the flexibility of job qualifications to meet labor market demands. Based on the results of the study, we can identify a process of so-called train drains'in both quantitative and qualitative terms, and conclude that the role of the Chonnam National University in promoting regional development potentials and local labor market conditions is Quite restrictive.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.69-97
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• 2012

This study has sought to analyze factors affecting work and work preference of older adults at national and individual level. A few theoretical hypotheses such as economic need versus job opportunity (or employability), attitude toward paid work, pull effect versus push effect were tested for citizens in eighteen OECD countries with International Social Survey dataset(2005) using multi-level analysis. Main findings are as follows. First, most older adults wanted to work regardless of the socio-economic status, which implies that non-work of older adults would be due to involuntary constraint rather than voluntary choice. Second, there existed class inequality in that the higher class tended to involve paid work more than the lower class did among 55-64 age group. Third, the push factor such as part-time employment ratio, rather than the generosity of social security, explained the work and retirement patterns better. In conclusion, at least from the comparative perspective, the main problem of older adults' work seems to be of labour demand rather than of labour supply, to be of labour market structure and work opportunity rather than of the pull factor.

• 대학교육
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• s.73
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• pp.79-90
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• 1995

이 글에서는 우리나라 고학력화 현상의 원인을 봉건주의 시대 이후 일제기까지 형성된 교육요구, 그리고 교육자격의 예비직업자격 기능, 사회이동 통로로서의 학교교육 및 노동시장 분절 그리고 중간층의 증대를 중심으로 살펴볼 것이다. 우리 사회에서 고학력 선호경향이 쉽사리 가라앉을 전망은 없어 보인다. 우리 사회의 경우, 우리의 가치관에서부터 사회제도에 이르기까지 모든 요소들이 고학력에 대한 열망을 부추기고 있기 때문이다. 이러한 측면에서 볼 때, 고학력화 현상에 대한 문제는 개인의 능력.개성.특성이 존중되어 '삶의 질'을 만족스럽게 높여줄 수 있는 방향으로의 제도개혁과 함께, 나의 자식만을 위한 교육이 아닌 '우리들의 자식을 위한 교육'이라는 의식개척이 동시에 이루어져야 해결될 수 있을 것이다.