• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2004년도 제5회 압연심포지엄 신 시장 개척을 위한 압연기술
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• pp.207-215
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• 2004

There are various characteristics called for in work roll and intermediate rolls for cold rolling mills. Among these characteristics, the two main requirements are to ensure the quality of the rolled products and to reduce roll cost. To achieve these needs, resistance to wear, to thermal shock and to contact fatigue are especially important. This paper describes that new material(named DSR1) for intermediate rolls which greatly increases rolling campaign and improves resistance to wear has been developed. DSR1 was successfully manufactured and has been used in the cold rolling mill. It showed that Trial product was homogenous in hardness distribution and sufficient usable diameter. Also in service test, trial product is much more excellent rolling performance than conventional $5\%Cr$.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.550-555
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• 2006

In this study, effects of forming angle and friction coefficient on a initiation of the Mannesmann hole defect were analyzed by using a response surface method. The maximum effective plastic strain at center point of specimen is utilized for the prediction of the starting point of crack occurrence, which is suggested by the comparison of integrals of four different ductile fracture models between the histories of the effective plastic strain at center point. It was revealed that the principal stress at the center is the dominant element to the increase of the effective plastic strain. It was also verified by the simulation results from the comparison of experiment and simulation. It is provided that the forming angle of 25 degrees and the spreading angle of 1 degree can be a proper design condition without an occurrence of internal hole defect and an excessive slip.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2006

The main purpose of the present study has been placed on investigating the mechanical properties and microstructures of C-Si-Mn-V steels for cold forming manufactured by controlled rolling and cooling technology. The steels were manufactured in electric arc furnace (EAF) and casted to $160{\times}160mm$ billet. The billets were reheated in walking beam furnace and rolled to coil, the stocks were rolled by Controlled Rolling and Cooling Technology (CRCT), so rolled at low temperature by water spraying applied in rolling stage and acceleratly cooled before coiling. Rolled coils were cold drawed to the degree of 16%, 27% of area reduction respectively without heat treatment. Microstructual observation, tensile test, compression test and charpy impact tests were conducted. The mechanical properties of the steels were changed by area reduction of cold drawing and it is founded that there are optimum level of cold drawing to minimize compression stress for these steels. From the result of this study, it is conformed that $80kg_{f}/mm^{2},\;90kg_{f}/mm^{2}$ grade high strength microalloyed steel for cold forming are developed by accelerated cooling and optimum cold drawing.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2006

In this study, SPCC cross-tension type specimens produced under various spot welding conditions were tensile and fatigue tested. Decrease of 2 kA in normal current condition of 10 kA caused a large amount of reduction in both static joining strength and fatigue life. And 2 kA increase resulted in increase of static joining strength and an increase in low cycle regime but a decrease in high cycle regime, revealing the fact that fatigue strength rather than static joining strength would be a major factor during design process in view of the body endurance. As a results of estimating the fatigue lifetimes of various types of spot weld specimens. equivalent stress intensity factor is the proper parameter for predicting the lifetimes of various types of specimens. which can be expressed as ${\Delta}K_{eq}(N/nm^{1.5})=11550N^{-0.36}_{f}$.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1994

알루미늄 코팅막은 부식환경으로부터 강판을 보호하는 데에 자주 사용된다. 그러나 이 코팅막은 때때로 사용조건에 따라 제한을 받는다. 아무리 강판상에 치밀한 양질막을 코팅시켰다 할지라도, 사용중 이 피막이 손상을 받아서 강판이 노출되는 경우는 강판과의 갈바닉(Galvanic)작용으로 급격한 부식을 일으킨다. 본 연구는 내식성 개선을 목적으로 해서, 고밀착성의 코팅막을 제공하는 비평형프라즈마 프로세스인 이온프레이팅법에 의해 냉간압연강판상에 Al-Mg합금 코팅막을 제작했다. 제작된 막들은 우선, EMPA측정에 의해 원소조성분석을 한 후, 상구조분석 및 표.단면의 몰포로지(Molphology)를 X선 회절 및 주사형 전자현미경(SEM)에 의해 관찰했다. 또한, 이들막은 탈기시킨 3%NaCl용액중 양극분극 측정을 통해서 내식특성에 대한 평가를 행했다. 이들의 결과에 의하면, 알루미늄과 마그네슘의 조성비에 따라 주상, 미결정 및 아몰포스(Amorphous)조직을 보이는 금속간화합물이나 고용체의 Al-Mg박막이 나타났다. 이들 Al-Mg합금 코팅막은 강판과의 갈바닉 부식작용에 대한 방지 및 부동태 피막의 형성을 촉진하는 등의 좋은 내식성을 나타냈다.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 - 한국공작기계학회
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• pp.74-80
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• 1999

Work roll wear in the cold rolling of mild steel strip is strongly affected by rolling materials, rolling conditions such as roll arrangement in the cold rolling mill and lubrication. The tests were performed to find the effects of roll arrangement n the cold rolling mill on the work roll wear under the same lubricating conditions. The obtained results are as follows:If the distance of cold rolling is about 60km, the surface roughness of its was reduced by half(Ra 0.49${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) and Pc(peak count) also was decreased to 60 ea/cm.It is easier for CC(Continuous casting) to make a slip on rolling than IC(Ingot casting). It is due to surface mirror in which first residual product appears and iron powder included Al2O3 is sticked. Because bending degree of 4Hi-rolling mill is higher than 6Hi-rolling mill, the first surface mirror was occurred to its center-point which is loaded strongly. 6Hi-rolling mill shape-controlled by intermediate roll doesn't need the initial crown to work roll. Therefore, fatigue and wear would appear a little bit.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.180-180
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• 2000

The shape of cold strip for the stainless process has been become issue in quality recently, and hence POSCO (Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd) developed an automatic control system for strip shape in the sendzimir mill. The strip shape is measured by an outward measuring roll and is controlled by As_U roll and first intermediate roll. As_U roll consists of 8 saddles, which are controlled vertically. The fist intermediate rolls, which are controlled horizontally, consist of two pairs of rolls up and down. A developed shape control system is applied to real plant by using fuzzy logic and neural network method to control actuators; As_U roll and first intermediate roll. This system composes mainly of three parts as a real-time system, input to output conditioner board, and man-machine interface. The actual shape is recognized by neural network and converted into symmetric shape. The fuzzy controller, based on the shape from neural network and sensor, controls positions of the As_U roll and first intermediate roll. This paper verifies the shape controller performance. The experiments are made on line for the sendzimir mill. The shape control performance shows very efficient for the target tracking, shape symmetry, and fluctuation of shape.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2008

A constitutive equation of the electrical steel strip used for a raw material of transformer is proposed. The stress-strain behavior of electrical steel strip is quite different from that of common carbon steel and/or alloy steel. A series of tensile tests were performed with the specimens made from cold rolled strip. Several thicknesses of the strip were produced by a two-high (with upper and lower rolls) cold rolling pilot mill as reduction ratio increases from 10% to 90%. Its initial thickness of the strip was 2.5mm. Tensile specimens are cut out from the cold rolled strips. Mechanical properties of the steel are examined through rolling direction. Ramberg-Osgood model and the proposed equation are combined to describe the total behavior of stress-strain including instability region. The stress-strain curves calculated from the present constitutive equation are compared with those from experimentally obtained at each test condition of reduction ratios of specimen. Results show that the predicted stress-strain curves are in overall in a good agreement with measured ones.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 1977

용탕의 온도는 탄소의 비율을 높이기 위하여 $1500^{\circ}C$ 이하로 해야 하며, 주입온도는 $1460^{\circ}C$ 내외가 적당하다. 주조상태에서 소지의 침상석출물은 orthorhombic $(Fe,\;Mn)_3C$로 판명되었다. 냉간압연비는 클수록 결정이 미세화되고 또한 경도도 증가하였다. 표면탈탄이 얼어 나면 표면층에 martensite가 형성되어 성형하기가 어려우므로 argon 분위기를 쓰는 것이 좋았다. 두께 1 mm 판재의 경우 수인처리 온도가 $950^{\circ}C$ 이하일 때 탄화물 stringer 가 나타났고, $1020^{\circ}C$ 에서 30 분간 가열했을 때 탄화물이 의 소지에 고용되었다. C 함량이 클수록 인장강도와 연신률이 증가하였다. Ni, Cr 및 V 을 미량 첨가했을 때 인장강도 및 연신률이 커졌으며 또한 굽힘성도 좋았다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.1000-1005
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• 1999

Zr-0.8Sn합금의 재결정에 미치는 V, Sb의 영향을 조사하기 위해 냉간 압연 후 여러 온도 조건에서 열처리된 시편의 미세조직을 편광광학현미경, SEM, TEM으로 관찰하였고 미소경도계로 경도값을 측정하였다. 미세조직을 관찰한 결과 V과 Sb의 첨가에 의해 재결정이 지연되었으며, 재결정 완료 후의 결정립 성장도 억제됨이 관찰되었다. 특히 Sb는 V보다 재결정을 완료하는데 필요한 온도를 상승시키므로 재결정을 지연시키는 효과가 더욱 큰 것으로 생각된다. 이 처럼 첨가원소가 증가함에 따라 재결정에 늦어지고 결정립이 미세화 되는 것은 V이나 Sb 첨가에 의해 형성된 석출물이 전위나 입계의 이동을 방해하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.