• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2008

This study targets to improve and complement the problem of existing flame resistant processing with flame resistant performance the same as existing flame resistant agents or better, keeping wooden surface & feel as they are, and to attempt to raise flame resistant performance and economic efficiency by applying phosphorous flame resistant agents, a colorlessness, odorless new product to woods for an improvement of flame resistant performance for wooden nature and to offer a basic data for an uniform high-performance for flame resistant woods by reinforcing wooden durability and usability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2012.04a
• /
• pp.408-411
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 일상적으로 사용되고 있는 목재류와 섬유 및 플라스틱 등의 방염처리방법 중에서 목재와 같은 방염처리대상물을 방염화하는 방법으로 사용되고 있는 방염선처리 공정을 기준으로 하여 내장재 및 다양한 목재 활용제품에 대해 판매자가 사전에 방염처리를 진행할 수 있는 방염처리장치의 개발과 이를 활용한 제품의 방염성능 확인에 대한 결과를 설명하고 있으며 현장에서의 요구에 맞도록 설계된 장치를 통해 제품의 방염성능이 개선됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2008

Qualitative enhancement of dwelling life has changing the recognition for the environment friendly wood which is being highlighted for its usage as an interior materials. This trend may prove the excellent performance of wood whose inherent characteristics has its comfortable, mild feeling of material, sound resistance and stabilities and the market of interior woods including floor, moulding and wooden panel as finishing interior materials is growing sustainably. However, since this materials is vulnerable to humidity and flame, waterproofing and flame retarding stability, an essential condition for interior materials, together with maintenance, are the main topics to be resolved. From the above-mentioned results, as a result of waterdrop contact angle, wood absorption volume and water content percentage test and the performance test of the processed materials after flame retardant, though there was some submerging time changes among types of woods for ensuring waterproofing performance improvement but as time passes, similar tendency was noticed to be formulated. As the submerging time is increased, so does the absorption volume and accordingly optimal level of range is judged to be drawn in order to ensure excellent performance, taking optimal economy into consideration. Therefore, it is considered that above-mentioned woods could be utilized for waterproof and flame retardant processed interior materials using uniform microwave and in order to put this technology into practical application, a research by way of diversified performance proving is required to be carried out.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2010.10a
• /
• pp.271-274
• /
• 2010

방염대상물품의 방염성능을 평가함에 있어서 건축물의 내장재로 활용되어지는 목재의 경우 방염액 또는 방염필름 등을 활용한 직접적인 방염처리방법을 많이 활용하고 있는데 방염성능을 평가하는 기준으로는 잔염시간, 잔신시간, 탄화길이, 탄화면적 등의 수치가 기준을 만족하여야 하는데 목재를 활용한 합판에 적용되어지는 방염처리방법에 따라 성능기준의 모호성이 나타날 수 있기 때문에 방염성능의 적합여부를 판단하기 어려운 점이 있어 이에 대해 실험적으로 고찰한 결과를 살펴보았다.

• 방재와보험
• /
• s.60
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 1994

사우나실은 높은 열과 가연성 목재가 내장되어 있어 화재 발생 위험이 높으며 또한, 열원으로 대부분 전기 히터를 사용하기 때문에 물이 묻어있는 상태의 입욕자에게는 감전 사고의 위험도 높다. 이 글은 1988년부터 1990년까지 3년간 영국의 사우나 시설에서 발생한 화재 통계 및 1990년 캐나다의 온타리오(ontario)에서 발생된 2건의 화재 사례를 중심으로 사우나 시설의 화재 예방 대책과 인명 안전 대책에 대하여 기술하였다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2020

This study tested the wood used in building interiors; each type had various incident heat fluxes based on their thickness. The combustion characteristics measured were effective heat of combustion, heat release rate peak and arrival time, maximum average rate of heat emission, and piloted ignition temperature. The wood specimens used in the experiment were 4.8 to 18 mm thick. 25, 35, 50, and 60 kW/㎡ were applied to the incident heat flux that the wood specimens were exposed to. The wood specimens tested were two types of medium-density fiberboard (each with a different density), treated red pine, particle board, and plywood. A comprehensive comparison of different fire characteristics was conducted to analyze the fire patterns corresponding to each type of wood in this way, the risk of fire was studied. The risk of fire was particularly high for particle board. The results of quantifying the fire characteristics of the types of wood studied could function as important input data with which to calculate the fire load of composite combustibles.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2022

Wood Plastic Composite(WPC) has been mostly used for outdoor purposes such as deck materials and trails so far. In this study, WPC panels with improved antibacterial properties, total volatile organic compound emissions (TVOC), and flame retardant were manufactured to use Wood Plastic Compound as interior materials for indoor use. WPC compound was prepared by mixing Chamaecyparis obtusa wood flour with high density polyethylene(HDPE). The prepared WPC compound exhibited excellent antibacterial and antifungal properties, and the total volatile organic compound emission(TVOC) was 0.062 mg/m2·h. The WPC panel(303mm×606mm×10mm) manufactured by a twin screw extruder with the manufactured compound achieved the flame retardant grade 2 standard of KS F 2271.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.208-215
• /
• 2008

Existent wood wool cement boards are low-quality cement boards made out of wood chip wastes. Recently, however, they are produced by making wood chips into fibrous forms to have good looks and excellent performances in sound absorption and thermal insulation. Though they have been broadly used in the advanced countries, they were rather expensive products with limited use in Korea having no domestic manufacturers of them. Since 2005, however, it has been possible for the boards to be used in various fields due to their lowered prices and stable supplies by the arrival of domestic manufacturers. For the purpose of encouraging broad use of the boards, this research aims to explore their practical applications by way of assessing the flame retardant and fire resistant performances when they are applied to dry-wall system.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2015

Toxic gases from five types of interior building materials were investigated according to Naval Engineering Standard (NES) 713. The materials were plywood, indoor wall coverings (wood wall plate members and pine wood), reinforced Styrofoam insulation, laminate flooring, and PVC. Specimens were measured using an NES 713 toxicity test apparatus to analyze the hazardous substances in combustion gas from the materials. We used the US Department of Defense standard (MIL-DTL, Military Standard) to calculate the toxicity index of the combustion gas. Emissions of $CO_2$ from all specimens did not exceed the NES 713 limit of 100,000 ppm. The amount of CO gas emissions from reinforced Styrofoam insulation was 6,098 ppm. 25 ppm and 49 ppm of formaldehyde were released from the reinforced Styrofoam insulation and PVC flooring, respectively. These values were less than the limit of 400 ppm. The highest emissions were from $NO_X$ emitted by plywood and were above the limit of 250 ppm. The toxicity index of the specimens were calculated as 5.19 for plywood, 4.13 for PVC flooring, 2.35 for reinforced Styrofoam insulation, 2.34 for laminate flooring, and 1.22 for indoor wall coverings (pine wood). Our research helps us to understand the properties of these five interior materials by analyzing the combustion gas and explaining the toxicity of constituents and the toxicity index. Also, it would be useful for giving fundamentals to guide the safe use of interior materials for applications.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2011

In this study, in addition to the green tea-wood fiber hybrid composite boards of previous researches, to make effective use of saw dust of domestic cypress tree with functionalities and application as interior materials, eco-friendly hybrid composite boards were manufactured from wood fiber, green tea and saw dust of cypress tree. We investigated the effect of the component ratio of saw dust and green tea on static bending strength performances. Static bending MOE (modulus of elasticity) was within 0.956~1.18GPa, and showed the highest value in wood fiber : green tea : saw dust = 50 : 40 : 10 of the component ratio, and had the lowest value in 50 : 30 : 20 of component ratio. These values were 2.0~3.1times lower than those of green tea-wood fiber hybrid composite boards reported in the previous researches. The bending MOR (modulus of rupture) showed 8.99~11.5MPa, the change of the bending MOR with component ratio of the factors was the same as that of bending MOE. These values had 1.9~3.5 times lower value than those of green tea-wood fiber hybrid composite boards, and showed the slightly lower values than the MOR of particle boards (PB) and medium density fiberboards (MDF) prescribed in Korean Industrial Standard. Therefore, it is considered that these hybrid composite boards need to improve strength performances by component ratio change, hybrid composite with other materials and adhesive change etc. in order to industrialize the hybrid composite boards.