• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2010

Currently, the unit price of public construction projects are not being evaluated appropriately for several reasons. First, the evaluation of the unit price differ per nature of the bidding process and its estimation process. In fact, pricing is determined to meet the total price in turnkey projects and to pass the low bid price deliberation process in unit price projects, and thus, such prices cannot be said to be reasonable prices per public project. After the contract is awarded, however, the prices determined without taking into consideration the characteristic of each bidding process and price estimate process are used for the valuation of progress payment, design changes, and escalation. Furthermore, this is also being applied to other low bid deliberation process as actual public project unit price, thereby affecting other processes as well. In effect, this system increases the risks for both the owner and the bidder who have determined the unit price. This research examines the risk factor and its extent in order to properly manage it in preparation for the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.111-112
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• 2015

Garak Market Modernization Project Phase 1, which is the public projects worth 1,75 billion won, was delivered by adopting modifiable bid of BOQ on the lowest price award system. The modifiable bid of BOQ system allows bidders to modify quantities based on their own drawings and construction specifications and requirements. It was initiated by the government for minimizing design error and for inducing technical competition between tenders by checking errors. At that time the bidding, it allowed modifying the BOQ all the works. In the construction phase, the responsibility for the design changes, due to mistakes and omissions on design documents and BOQ were disputed between the owner and the contractors. This study analyzed the problem of the system and addressed a need of improvement.

• 월간 기계설비
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• no.11 s.208
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• pp.29-40
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• 2007

국가계약법 시행령이 개정됨에 따라 재정경제부는 공사계약 일반조건, 입찰조건, 입찰유의서 등 회계예규를 개정하고 지난 10월 12일부터 시행에 들어갔다. 개정된 시행규칙은 공사계약일반조건에서 설계서와 물량내역서 등의 범위에 대한 정의규정 보완/손해보험 관련 손해공제 포함/설계변경 관련 조문정리/설계변경 계약금액조정 제한대상 추가 및 입찰금액조정 규정 마련/특정규격의 자재별 가격변동에 따른 계약금액조정 관련 등이 개정되었고, 공사입찰유의서에는 입찰에 관한 서류의 열람 및 교부/입찰무효사유 보완/낙찰자가 부적격자로 판명된 경우 낙찰자 결정 방법 개선/조문정리 등이 개선되었다.

• Korean Architects
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• no.12 s.380
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• pp.87-90
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• 2000

• 월간 기계설비
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• no.11 s.208
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

내역입찰제도 개선, 적격심사항목 보완, 적격심사 이행관리계획 미준수 업체 제재사유 추가, 정정공고 근거규정 마련 등을 주요 골자로 하는 국가계약법 시행령 및 시행규칙이 제.개정되어 지난 10월 10부터 시행에 들어갔다. 개정된 시행규칙은 1억원 미만 소규모 공사는 물량내역서가 계약서에 포함되지 않아 발주기관의 물량산정 오류시 설계변경이 불가능해 소규모 공사에서 경제적 피해가 많이 발생되어 민원이 제기됨에 따라 우리협회는 재정경제부에 "1억원 미만 소규모 공사도 계약서에 물량내역서가 포함되도록" 건의한 결과 우리협회의 의견이 반영되었다.

• Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.50-54
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• 2012

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.107-116
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• 2009

As the Fundamentals of Construction Business Act was revised in December 2004 and its implementing ordinances and enforcement regulations were adjusted in June 2005, the screening system of low price subcontracting has been an obligation to the public owners, having brought about arguments for and against since it enacted in 1983. The statutes for low price subcontracting have been reinforced from this year; for example, it underlines to submit to a project and builds an information network of subcontracting works. The system's original intention was that prevents shoddy and fraudulent constructions caused by low price subcontracting and precludes disturbances of fair trade by screening that whether it satisfies the conditions or not in advance. But, the criterion for the existing low price subcontracting has several issues having held up a true mirror to the real situation. It is arguable to discharge an important task with the primary purpose. This dissertation have researched the problem with a deposit of subcontract and the low price subcontracting basic rate are being used by the criteria for deciding whether it is a low price subcontracting or not, so showing the plan of reformation based on the findings, it wishes to contribute toward making the most of the system's essential intent.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.4 no.4 s.16
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• pp.212-219
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• 2003

In construction project planning and control, a cost model performs a critical role such as cost determination on a contract stage and cost tracing. The model can maximize owner's profit and value within the project budget and optimize cost management works on overall construction implementation stages. A BoQ(Bill of Quantities) generally adopted in a unit price contract has been applied as an important tool for cost control and forecast. However a previous cost model based on the BoQ has shown limitations in that it requires too detailed information and heavy manpower on cost management and difficulty in keeping relationship with construction planning, scheduling and progress management. The each cost items and unit prices which constitute of construction works are individually very important management factors but the relative weight for each items and prices have a difference on the contents and conditions of each conditions of each construction works. In consideration of this structural mechanism of cost determination, this research is aimed at examining the critical factors affecting the construction cost determination and propose and verify a new cost forecasting model which is more simple and efficient and also keeps the accuracy of cost management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.41-54
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• 2020

This study was conducted to provide basic data for a transparent and fair bidding system by identifying problems and suggesting improvement measures through an analysis of the bidding status for construction projects and service-related landscaping of multi-family housing. To this end, we used the data from the "Multi-Family Housing Management Information System (K-apt)" that provides the history of apartment maintenance, bidding information, and the electronic bidding system to examine the winning bid status and amount, along with the size and trends of the winning bids by year, and the results of the selection of operators by construction type. As a result, it was found that out of the total number of successful bids (36,831), 4.4% (16,631) were in the landscaping business, and the average winning bid value was found to be about 24 million won. According to the data, 73% of the landscaping cases were valued between 3 million won and 30 million won, and 58.6% of the cases were in the field of "pest prevention and maintenance". 36% of the total number of bids were awarded from February to April, with "general competitive bidding" accounting for 59.8% of the bidding methods. As for the method of selecting the winning bidder, 55% adopted the "lowest bid" and "electronic bidding method," and 45% adopted the "qualification screening system" and "direct bidding method." As an improvement to the problems derived from the bidding status data, the following are recommended: First, the exception clause to the current 'electronic bidding method' application regulations must be minimized to activate the electronic bidding method so that a fair bidding system can be operated. Second, landscaping management standards for green area environmental quality of multi-family housing must be prepared. Third, the provisions for preparing design books, such as detailed statements and drawings before the bidding announcement, and calculating the basic amount shall be prepared so that fair bidding can be made by specifying the details of the project concretely and objectively must be made. Fourth, for various bidding conditions in the 'business operator selection guidelines', detailed guidelines for each condition, not the selection, need to be prepared to maintain fairness and consistency. These measures are believed to beuseful in the fair selection of landscaping operators for multi-family housing projects and to prepare objective and reasonable standards for the maintenance of landscaping facilities and a green environment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6D
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• pp.975-983
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• 2006

This study analyzed bidding data for construction projects ordered by the Public Procurement Service under the lowest bidding system since 2001 by using statistical technique in terms of construction types, company sizes, bidding prices. This study brings out construction company's bidding practices and problems caused by the current lowest bidding system and suggests the way to mitigate the problems and to improve the lowest bidding system. The analysis shows the problem of winning a bid in abnormally low price under the lowest bidding system, feared at the start, was realized. As bidding practice has polarized with low and high price, the analysis shows that the lowest bid system's market has a high possibility to be distorted by construction companies' bid strategies. To complement the lowest bidding system's problem, the analysis shows that introduction of the bidding system using particulars where bidders estimate construction quantities and unit prices by themselves is needed.