• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.141-164
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• 2002

The present study examined the variations in personality variables according to different types for the Korean view of the afterlife, including 'extinction type', 'the other world-oriented transmigration type', 'heaven/hell type' and 'obscurity type'. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) 'the other world-oriented transmigration type' and 'heaven/hell type' showed significantly stronger belief in a just world than 'extinction type', (2) 'extinction type' and 'obscurity type' showed more external attribution for accidents than 'heaven/hell type', (3) there was no difference in unrealistic optimism levels, (4) depending upon the types for the view of the afterlife, not only preferred self-enhancing biases but also positive illusions which related to life satisfaction were different, (5) 'extinction type' showed stronger risk-taking tendency than 'heaven/hell type'. These results were explained in terms of features that belong to each afterlife view. Finally, we discussed the limitation of this study and the directions for future study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.492-503
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spiritual wellbeing year to prepare for death, and attitudes afterlife view. In addition, the purpose of this study is to form a correct attitude toward the death to develop the practical skills and interventions to alleviate death anxiety, to live the life of a satisfactory old age. Main results are as follows First, a sense of spiritual well prepared even death afterlife view and the analysis of the impact on attitudes toward death significantly (P<.001) showed that differences appeared unaffected. Second, afterlife view death readiness and spiritual wellbeing is a result of analyzing the relative importance of the impact of differences in attitudes toward death (P<.001) in that there is a statistically significant effect relationship in 99.9% confidence level It appeared. That death is also ready, exerts an influence on the sense of spiritual well the attitude of the order of death, afterlife view appeared as a variable that does not significantly affected if the other two variables influence. Third, after the death that included demographic variables readiness, afterlife view and spiritual wellbeing is having an economic level differences only result of analyzing the impact (p<.05) in a statistically significant negative effect on attitudes to death It appeared. So that the death readiness, spiritual well influenced to relieve the sense of death anxiety as a part of influencing the quality of life of the elderly it was identified in this study. Thus the meaning of the present study is meant I was able to verify that it can solve the anxiety about the death positively.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-82
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was development of a synthetic scale to measure young adults' views of life and death. Participants were 610 university students. The authors developed a View of Life and Death Scale including several subscales of afterlife views(belief in afterlife and retribution, belief in souls' effects and transmigration), meanings of death(liberation, nature, integration, collapse, impact, futility), death anxiety, death concern(death acceptance, death awareness) and life respect will(suicide inhibition, abortion inhibition, organ donation intention). The present study contributed to enhance our understanding of view of life and death in young adulthood. This study, therefore, could work as a stepping stone to investigate the structural relationship among elements included in views of life and death in young adulthood and to explore the consequences and determinants of personal view of life and death.

• Survey Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.95-121
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to measure Koreans' views on the life and death and to illuminate the structural relationship between their subscales. The subscales are composed of afterlife views, death anxiety, death concern, will of suicide inhibition. Data drawn from Korean General Social Survey(KGSS) collected in 2009 were analyzed. The findings show that favorable attitude towards afterlife has positive relationship with favorable attitude towards returning to this life. The favorable attitude towards returning to the present life has positive relationship with death anxiety while it has negative relationship with will of suicide inhibition. The favorable attitude towards afterlife has positive relationship with death concern and will of suicide inhibition. Social support and happiness have negative impact on death concern while they are positively associated with will of suicide inhibition. These findings indicate that all subscales of views on life and death are significantly related to themselves and are also correlated with socio-demographic factors, which means that we have to comprehensively look inside the views on the life and death in order to understand the increasing suicide among Koreans. Further studies need approaching Koreans' views on the life and death by using more validated tools to capture their holistics picture.

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2004

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.26-37
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• 1995

뱀장어, Anguilla joponicu의 표피를 구성하는 주종 세포인 상피세포는 80남 정도의 많은 당김세사를 함유하고 있어서 표피의 골격 유지에 중요한 역할을 하고 있다 회유행동 특성에 의해. 성숙된 뱀장어는 바다로 나가게 되고 표피는 급격한 환경변화를 서게 되는데 그 현상들을 살펴보면 먼저 상해반응으로 세포 내의 파립 형질내세망의 내강이 확장되는 현상과 다양한 크기의 공포의 증가로 인해 상피세포들 사이의 공간이 확장되며 일부 세포에서는 괴사 또는 변성되는 형태인 다층층판구조를 갖기도 한다. 이에 대한 능동적 대처로 부착반쪽으로 모이는 당김세사들이 일정한 방향성을 갖게 되며, 상피세포 사이의 연접부위에 부착반의 수가 증가되며 미토콘드리아. 형질내세망 등 세포소기 관이 발달되고, 분비과립의 증가 등 분비양상이 증가되고, 능동적인 염배출과 연관된 핵상부의 중앙축을 따라 미토콘드리아 및 과립 형질내세망이 풍부한 세포도 나타났다. 이와 같은 변화는 염분농도의 증가에 따른 환경적요인에 의해 일어나는 상피세포의 기능적 방어기작이라고 사료된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.170-181
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide a more persuasive organ donation campaign based on the understanding of the public based on the personal characteristics and value factors of various age groups. The influence of personal characteristics and value factors (organ donation attitude, organ donation knowledge, self - efficacy, internal medicine, attitude toward discontinuation of life - saving treatment) on the intention of organ donation among 20s to 60s or older was examined. Demographic variables that were predicted to affect individual behavioral intentions such as gender, age, and religion were included. The value factors were also included attitudes toward life-sustaining treatment and afterlife view to identify potential factors. The results showed that attitude toward organ donation, knowledge of organ donation, self-efficacy, attitudes toward life-sustaining treatment had a significant positive effect on organ donation intention.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.334-343
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the readiness for death and death anxiety among hospitalized cancer patients. A convenience sample of 183 cancer patients admitted to four hospitals in Korea was recruited for this study. Data were collected in 2010. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The mean scores of readiness for death and death anxiety were 1.99(${\pm}0.69$) and 2.21(${\pm}0.59$) out of 4, respectively. 'Psychological readiness' showed the highest mean score among the death anxiety domains, and 'dying process' had the highest mean score among the death anxiety domains. No statistically significant correlation was found between readiness for death and death anxiety. Readiness for death was statistically significantly different according to age, afterlife beliefs, stage of cancer, duration of disease, and number of symptoms. Death anxiety showed significant difference according to faith in God and afterlife beliefs. Distress in the process of dying needs to be managed for cancer patients and spiritual interventions should be considered to relieve death anxiety.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.241-256
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• 2009

This survey of children's perceptions and experiences of death was conducted with 118 6th-grade elementary school children in Seoul. Data consisted of responses to questionnaires in three categories : (1) perceptions of death, (2) views of afterlife, and (3) death-related experiences (life, education, and media). Results showed that children had negative emotions (61.8%) such as fear and anxiety about death. Children's attitudes about suicide were sympathetic (34.5%) as well as critical (53.7%). There was no relation between religion and view of afterlife. Finally, children experienced death more through mass media (TV, internet, etc.) than through life experience or death education. This study suggests the necessity for death education and warns of negative effects of media and games.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.325-336
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and the view of the afterlife of the elderly by focusing on mediating effects of positive satisfaction and death preparation. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of the rest of life and contributes as exploratory research toward strengthening the psychological and emotional well-being of the elderly. After using a structural equation model, we found that self-esteem influenced their view of the afterlife through mediating effects such as positive satisfaction and the level of death preparation. The results of this study will present not only in recovering from death anxiety through an understanding of the level of death preparation and, the view of the afterlife but also in the development of practical intervention materials, which can be useful in social work for the elderly. The elderly's view of the afterlife should be strengthened according to the educational programs on death preparation that deal with the existence of the afterlife and life after death. However, this study has the limitation that only people living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and not in the other areas of the country were considered in this research. Nevertheless, within its limitation, this study's findings are promising, as they contribute to our understanding of the view of life and death of the elderly; further, the study has academic meaning with respect to helping the elderly successfully carry out their life development tasks and significantly prepare for the rest of their life.