• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.765-772
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• 2011

In this research, the fuel cell system model capable of generating codes in real time was developed to construct of a HIL (Hardware-In-the-Loop) for a SOFC-powered ship. Moreover, the effects of the distribution of the exhaust gas flow rates in a stack, the flow rates of fuels and temperature of air supplied on the temperature characteristics of fuels supplied to the cathode and the anode, the output power of the stack and system efficiency are examined to minimize the temperature difference between fuels supplied to the stack used in a 500kW SOFC system using methane as a fuel. As a result, the temperatures of fuels supplied to the cathode and the anode maintain at 830K when the opening factor of three-way valve located at outlet of turbine is 0.839. Also the process for optimization of methane flow rate considering the fuel cell stack and system efficiency is required to increase the temperatures of fuels supplied to the stack.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.571-577
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• 2000

A new type of filler for epoxy-clay nanocomposites has been prepared by the reaction of octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and layered sodium montmorillonite (MMT) via an ion-exchange reaction. The gallery space was further modified by grafting the aminopropyl groups via a reaction between a octadecyltrimethylammonium-MMT and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS). The interlayer modification of MMT was confirmed by XRD, IR, and solid-state $^{29}$ Si CP/MAS NMR. Furthermore, clay-polymer nanocomposites have been synthesized by the polymerization of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA) and $C_{18}$ H$_{37}$ N($CH_3$)$_3$-APS-MMT. The resulting hybrid nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results proved that the organomontmorillonite could be exfoliated and uniformly dispersed in the epoxy matrix.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.406-413
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• 2011

Recently the fuel cell has been spotlighted as a technology to reduce greenhouse gases emission from a ship. In this research, internal reforming 500kW solid oxide fuel cell stacks fueled by methane for a ship were developed. Characteristics of power and efficiency depending on the number of cells in the stack, hydrogen conversion ratio, and active area of the cell are evaluated. Also the effects of air and methane supplying conditions on performance are analyzed. As a result, as the number of cells, hydrogen conversion ratio, active area of the cell, or supplied air flow rate increase, the stack power and efficiency increase. When the methane flow rate increases, the power increases. However the efficiency decreases. In addition, the case at the current of 976.4 A, voltage of 529.1 V, with corresponding power of 516.6 kW shows that the efficiency of fuel cell stack is 42.91%.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.582-589
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• 2011

The fuel cell technology has been considered as a technology to reduce greenhouse gases emission from a ship. In this research, internal reforming 500kW solid oxide fuel cell system fueled by methane for a ship were developed. Characteristics of gas temperature, stack power and system efficiency depending on the air flow rate, $CH_4$ flow rate, $H_2O$ flow rate, and system operation pressure are evaluated. As a result, air and $CH_4$ flow rate directly affect the temperature of inlet and outlet gas in the fuel cell stack. When the air and $H_2O$ flow rate increase, the stack power and system efficiency increases. However, the case of $CH_4$ flow rate increase, the efficiency decreases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.642-648
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• 2015

Oak wood based activated carbon was modified with surface impregnation of $Fe^{3+}$ and $Al^{3+}$ metal ions mixture for enhancements of phosphate adsorption capacity in aqueous solution. The phosphate adsorption capacity of the prepared metal impregnated carbon (MC) was about 8 times higher than that of the original activated carbon (OC). Adsorption equilibrium capacities of the phosphate increased with increasing system temperature. The adsorption equilibrium isotherm of phosphate on the prepared MC could be represented by the Langmuir equation. Thermodynamic parameters also indicated that adsorption system was spontaneous and endothermic reaction. The internal diffusion coefficient was measured to analyze the adsorption behavior and kinetic rate. To determine the internal diffusion coefficient, pore diffusion model (PDM) was employed and the result was in good agreement with experimental data.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.326-332
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• 2020

In this study, polymer-fluorinated silica composite hollow fiber membranes were fabricated and applied to a membrane contactor for the recovery of methane dissolved in the anaerobic effluent. To prepare the composite membranes, porous hollow fiber substrates were fabricated with Ultem^®, a commercial polyetherimide (PEI). Subsequently, fluorinated silica particles were synthesized and coated on the surface via strong covalent bonding. Due to the high porosity, our membrane showed a CH₄ flux of 8.25 × 10^-5 ㎤ (STP)/㎠·s at the liquid velocity of 0.03 m/s which is much higher that that of commercial polypropylene membrane designed for degassing processes. This is attributed to our membrane's high porosity as well as a superior surface hydrophobicity (120~122°) resulted from the coating with fluorinated silica nanoparticles.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.89-89
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• 2017

가속기 기술을 이용한 재료에의 표면처리기술은 일정에너지를 가지는 이온이 재료표면에 충돌함으로서, 스퍼터링, 이온주입, 미세구조 변화 등의 현상을 이용하여 재료표면의 특성을 변화시켜 기계적, 화학적, 광학적, 전기적 특성 등을 변화시키는 표면개질기술에 활용되어져 왔다. 이러한 이온빔 표면처리기술은 이온의 종류나 시편의 제한 없이 치밀한 원자혼합물을 형성하고, 계면형성이 없고, 또한 저온공정이 가능하므로, 정밀도가 요구되는 부품의 내마모성과 내부식성 등을 포함한 기본적인 표면특성 뿐만 아니라 전기전도도, 친소수특성, 내광성 등 표면에 관계된 특성을 개선시키는 역할을 하며, 이온빔 믹싱, 이온빔 스퍼터링, 이온빔 전처리 후 코팅 등의 복합공정을 통해 보다 개선된 표면특성을 가지는 박막제조공정에 적용될 수 있다. 본 발표에서는 지난 10년간 가속기기술을 응용한 이온빔 장치기술 개발현황을 발표하고, 이러한 장치를 활용하여 이온빔 표면처리기술 사례인 내광성/내스크래치성 향상 고분자, 정전기방지, 초친수 표면처리, 기체투과도제어, 자외선차단 필름, 고속에칭기술 등의 기술개발 현황을 발표하고자 한다. 한국원자력연구원 양성자가속기연구센터에서는 수백 keV급의 이온빔 표면처리 장치 이외에도 100MeV 선형 양성자가속기를 이용하여 2013년부터 다양한 분야의 양성자빔/이온빔 이용자들에게 이온빔 장치와 20MeV와 100MeV 이용시설에서 양성자빔/이온빔 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 2016년 기준 이용자수는 양성자가속기 392명, 이온빔장치 279명이며, 이용자 수행과제는 양성자가속기, 이온빔장치 각각 130여개 과제가 수행되었다. 이러한 이용자들의 빔이용연구를 통해 20여편의 논문투고, 10여편의 특허출원의 성과를 얻었으며, 나노분야, 생명공학분야 등의 다양한 분야에서의 빔이용기술을 통해 활발한 연구가 이루어질 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.26-29
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• 2013

The latest research & development trend on friction stir welding and friction stir processing technologies presented in the international symposium, 'Friction Stir Welding & Processing VII'. Papers and presentations about high temperature materials such as advanced high strength steel, stainless steel and titanum alloy shoot up this year. Papers on modeling of metal flow and control of process parameters also increased. The FSP technologies for manufacturing of carbon materials reinforced metal matrix composites were reported, too.

• Composites Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 2013

The strength of adhesive joints employed in composite structures under cryogenic environments, such as LNG tanks, is affected by thermal residual stress generated from the large temperature difference between the bonding process and the operating temperature. Aramid fibers are noted for their low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and have been used to control the CTE of thermosetting resins. However, aramid composites exhibit poor adhesion between the fibers and the resin because the aramid fibers are chemically inert and contain insufficient functional groups. In this work, electrospun meta-aramid nanofiber-reinforced epoxy adhesive was fabricated to improve the interfacial bonding between the adhesive and the fibers under cryogenic temperatures. The CTE of the nanofiber-reinforced adhesives were measured, and the effect on the adhesion strength was investigated at single-lap joints under cryogenic temperatures. The fracture toughness of the adhesive joints was measured using a Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.37-43
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• 2002

A number of thin-film deposition technologies have been developed. However, even a thin film whose properties are excellent may not be used as long as the adhesion strength between the thin film and the substrate is poor. For thin films, the adhesion strength is as important as the properties. In the present article, relation between interface structure and thin film adhesion, and factors affecting thin film adhesion are reviewed. Two kinds of factors, internal factors and external factors, affect thin film adhesion. Such factors as composition, structure, and reactivity of both thin film and substrate as well as surface roughness of the substrate and residual stress of the thin film belong to internal factors. And such factors as load, temperature, humidity, and corrosive environment belong to external factors. It is also reviewed that how we can control the internal factors and the external factors to enhance or keep the adhesion strength.