• Title/Summary/Keyword: 납 함량

Search Result 363, Processing Time 0.027 seconds

Manufacturing Techniques and Provenance of Gilt-bronze Seated Bhaisajyaguru (Medicine Buddha) Statue of Cheongyang Janggoksa Temple, Korea (보물 제337호 청양 장곡사 금동약사여래좌상의 제작기법 및 납 원료 산지연구)

  • Bae, Go Woon;Lee, Sang Ok;Beom, Dae Geon;Chung, Kwang Yong
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.34 no.1
    • /
    • pp.59-67
    • /
    • 2018
  • This study investigated manufacturing technique and provenance of the Gilt-bronze Seated Bhaisajyaguru (Medicine Buddha) Statue of Janggoksa Temple. The statue had the following : Cu(68.8%)-Sn(10.4%)-Pb(17.1%), it is similar to other medium or large Buddha statue. As results of comparison lead isotope ratio of sample with the provenance data were plotted in zone 3 of the South Korean galena map. According to this result of Bronze Buddha could be made into galena of the located in same area the temple. The results of this study were compared with the Bronze Bodhisattva statue of Goseongsa Temple. The manufacturing techniques were different based on the characteristics of Buddha statues and thus could be made into galena of the located in same area the temple.

Prediction of Shielding Performance by Thickness by Comparing the Single and Laminated Structures of Lead-free Radiation Fusion Shielding Sheets (무연 방사선 융합 차폐시트 단일 구조와 적층 구조의 비교를 통한 두께별 차폐성능 예측)

  • Kim, Seon-Chil
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
    • /
    • v.12 no.1
    • /
    • pp.105-110
    • /
    • 2021
  • Radiation shielding of affinity material, which is widely used in medical institutions, is made in sheet form and is mainly applied to apron. Shielding performance is presented based on lead equivalent, and is presented as 0.25-0.50mmPb. In the case of shielding materials where lead is used as the main material, the shielding performance can be adjusted by thickness due to the excellent machinability of lead. However, eco-friendly shielding sheets are difficult to control shielding performance based on thickness criteria as shielding performance varies depending on the content of shielding materials, the properties of polymeric materials that are base materials, and the technical differences in the process. In this study, shielding sheets were manufactured based on thickness to solve these problems and the shielding performance was compared in this study. As a result, it was shown that the laminated structure shielding sheet was more effective.

A Study on Heavy Metal and Selenium Levels in Dried Seafoods (건조수산물의 중금속 및 셀레늄 함량)

  • Kwon, Hye-Jung;Kim, Ki-Cheol;Kim, Kyung-A;Kim, Young-Su;Kang, Suk-Ho;Kwak, Shin-Hye;Kang, Kyung-Ja;Lee, Pil-Suk;Cho, Wook-Hyun;Moh, Ara;Park, Yong-Bae
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
    • /
    • v.34 no.6
    • /
    • pp.562-570
    • /
    • 2019
  • The heavy metal concentrations in dried seafoods commonly consumed in Gyeonggi-do were analyzed. Concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) were measured in 95 samples with an inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and an Hg analyzer. The average concentration [mean±SD(minimum-maximum) mg/kg] of heavy metals were as follows: Pb 0.062±0.071(0.002-0.428), Cd 0.083±0.100(0.004-0.540), Hg 0.012±0.012(N.D-0.054) and Se 0.839±0.371(0.362-2.124). All the levels were below the recommended standards of the MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). In the comparison of heavy metal content by anchovy size, it was shown that mercury was significantly higher in large anchovy (P<0.05). Selenium levels were found to differ significantly in small anchovy and large anchovy (P<0.05). Pb, Cd and Hg were significantly higher in Tiger prawn among shrimp (P<0.05). The heavy metal and selenium levels of anchovy and shad were highest in the intestine. However, the heavy metal and selenium levels of shrimp were highest in the head. In addition, weekly (monthly) intake of mercury and cadmium from dried seafoods was found to be 0.712% and 2.978% of PTW(M)I (Provisional Tolerable Weekly(Monthly) Intake) respectively. Therefore, it was found that dried seafoods were safe for consumption.

Contents of Heavy Metals in Marine Invertebrates from the Korean Coast (한국 연안산 해산 무척추동물의 중금속 함량)

  • Mok, Jong-Soo;Lee, Ka-Jeong;Shim, Kil-Bo;Lee, Tae-Seek;Song, Ki-Cheol;Kim, Ji-Hoe
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.39 no.6
    • /
    • pp.894-901
    • /
    • 2010
  • To measure the heavy metal contents of marine invertebrates, we collected 239 individuals representing 52 species from the eastern (Pohang), western (Gunsan), and southern (Tongyeong) coasts of Korea: 34 species of molluscan shellfish (Gastropoda and Bivalvia), 6 species of Cephalopoda, 8 species of Crustacea, and 4 other species. The mean levels of the heavy metals in the samples taken from the edible portion of each Gastropoda were high in the order of Zn ($21.471\;{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($4.115\;{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($0.868\;{\mu}g/g$), Ni ($0.254\;{\mu}g/g$), Pb ($0.238\;{\mu}g/g$), Cd ($0.154\;{\mu}g/g$), and Cr ($0.110\;{\mu}g/g$). The heavy metals in the Bivalvia were high in the order of Zn ($35.655\;{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($5.500\;{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($3.129\;{\mu}g/g$), Cd ($0.423\;{\mu}g/g$), Ni ($0.402\;{\mu}g/g$), Cr ($0.233\;{\mu}g/g$), and Pb ($0.232\;{\mu}g/g$). The heavy metals in the Cephalopoda were high in the order of Zn ($18.380\;{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($3.594\;{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($0.630\;{\mu}g/g$), Cr ($0.150\;{\mu}g/g$), Pb ($0.068\;{\mu}g/g$), Cd ($0.034\;{\mu}g/g$), and Ni ($0.030\;{\mu}g/g$). The heavy metals in the Crustacea were high in the order of Zn ($25.333\;{\mu}g$/g), Cu ($9.042\;{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($0.659\;{\mu}g/g$), Cr ($0.592\;{\mu}g/g$), Cd ($0.207\;{\mu}g/g$), Pb ($0.126\;{\mu}g/g$), and Ni ($0.094\;{\mu}g/g$). Therefore, the mean levels of the harmful heavy metals (Cd and Pb) in marine invertebrates were high in the order of Bivalvia>Crustacea=Gastropoda>Cephalopoda. The average daily intakes of the heavy metals from the fisheries products were as follows: Cd ($6.88\;{\mu}g$), Cr ($19.13\;{\mu}g$), Cu ($137.02\;{\mu}g$), Mn ($156.13\;{\mu}g$), Ni ($11.39\;{\mu}g$), Pb ($7.01\;{\mu}g$) and Zn ($1,025.94\;{\mu}g$). The average weekly intakes of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn from the fisheries products were 11.47%, 0.46%, 3.27% and 1.71% respectively, as compared with PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes) established by FAO/WHO Expert Committee for Food Safety Evaluation.

The role of matrix modifier for the determination of Lead (Pb) in blood by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (흑연로 원자흡수분광법에 의한 혈중 납분석시 매트릭스 변형제의 역할)

  • Yoo, Kwang-Sik;Kwon, Jin-Kee
    • Analytical Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.5 no.4
    • /
    • pp.349-358
    • /
    • 1992
  • The direct determination of lead in the whole-blood by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric analysis was carried out by using the sample which was diluted five-fold with 1% Triton X-100. Matrix modification was tried to remove the interferences of blood matrix and also to get the optimum analytical condition. Good agreement with certificated values in reference materials(bovine blood) supplied by comparison program in Japan was obstained when 1% $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$ as matrix modifier and ashing temperature, $700^{\circ}C$ were used or 1% $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$ and 0.1% $PdCl_2$ as matrix modifier and ashed at $700^{\circ}C$. Standard deviations were appeared as 2.2~6.3% for 1% $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$ and 3.1~9.1% for 1% $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$ and 0.1% $PdCl_2$ in the range of $31{\sim}624{\mu}gPb/l$.

  • PDF

Study On The Heavy Metal Pollution in Soils and Barks of Roadside Trees in Taejon (대전시의 가로수 수피 및 표사의 중금속 오염에 관한 연구)

  • O, In-Hye
    • The Journal of Natural Sciences
    • /
    • v.5 no.2
    • /
    • pp.19-24
    • /
    • 1992
  • To find out the extent of air pollution in Taejon city, we investigated the concents of heavy metals in barks of trees in principal roadside, the outer block of a roadside and Pomunsan Park. Among the road-side trees in these areas, Platanus orientalis, Ginkgo biloba and Liriodendron tulipifera have been chosen. And we analyzed the relationship between the content of heavy metal of the barks and the traffic volume expressed by cars passing through for an hour. The range of contents of the lead in barks of the trees in the roadside and Pomunsan Park were respectively 2-1109 ppm and 5-11 ppm. Generally the contents of lead of barks of the trees in roadside was much higher than that in Pomunsan Park. And there has been positive correlation between the traf-fic volume and the content of lead in the barks. The more cars passing through for an hour, the higher the maximum in contents of lead in the barks of roadside trees. By the way the contents of cadmium in barks of the roadside trees was slightly higher than that in Pomunsan Park and was little variable.

  • PDF

Electrochemical Characteristics of Electrolyte Additives and Nano-Pb/AC Anode for Ultra Batteries (울트라 배터리 용 전해액 첨가제와 Nano-Pb/AC 음극의 전기화학적 특성)

  • Kim, Geun Joong;Lee, Jong Dae
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
    • /
    • v.29 no.5
    • /
    • pp.549-555
    • /
    • 2018
  • In this study, the electrochemical properties of nano-Pb/activated carbon (nano-Pb/AC) composites and electrolyte additives were examined to improve the performance of ultra batteries. Physical properties of the prepared nano-Pb/AC composites were analyzed using FE-SEM, TEM, XPS and BET. The electrochemical performances of ultra batteries were performed by cycle, rate performance and impedance tests. The cycling performance of nano-Pb/AC (Pb : 9 wt%) coated ultra battery increased by 150% with respect to the lead acid one, and the discharge specific capacity increased by 119-122% for 1-5 C rate tests. As a result of the impedance test, it was confirmed that the internal resistance decreased as the nano lead content increased. The cycle performance of the ultra battery containing 0.45 vol% electrolyte additives showed 140% longer than that of no electrolyte additives.

Adsorption of Decomposed-Granite Soils Varing with Weathering on Heavy Metals (화강풍화토의 풍화도에 따른 중금속 흡착특성)

  • Kwon, Minseok;Lee, Myoungeun;Mok, Youngjin;Chung, Jaewoo
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
    • /
    • v.14 no.10
    • /
    • pp.59-64
    • /
    • 2013
  • Effects of weathering intensity on the adsorption of heavy metals such as lead(Pb) and copper(Cu) onto decomposed granite soils were investigated by a series of batch tests. The chemical components such as $SiO_2$, $K_2O$ and $Na_2O$ having relatively high solubility were reduced and the oxidized $Fe_2O_3$ content was increased with the increase of weathering intensity. Weathering of granite soils increased the ignition loss and specific surface area, while it decreased the permeability. The lead and copper adsorptions onto the decomposed granites were enhanced with the increase of weathering intensity, mainly due to the increase of specific surface area and clayed contents. Adsorption of lead and copper onto the weathered granites could be more adequately described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model than the pseudo-first-order model.

The Content and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Herbal Medicines used for Food and Drug (식약공용 농·임산물의 유해중금속 분석 및 위해도 평가)

  • Cho, In-Soon;Kim, Su-Jin;Park, Ae-Suk;Kim, Jin-Ah;Jang, Jung-Im;Lee, Sung-Deuk;Yu, In-Sil;Shin, Yong-Seung
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
    • /
    • v.35 no.4
    • /
    • pp.354-364
    • /
    • 2020
  • For this paper we analyzed heavy metals including lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury, and conducted risk assessment on 171 types of herbal medicines used as foods and drugs distributed in Seoul's Yangnyeongsi and Kyungdong (Gyeongdong) herbal medicine markets. The concentrations of the heavy metals were measured by the ICP-MS and a mercury analyzer. The detection ranges of the lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury were found to be ND-4.719 mg/kg, ND-1.019 mg/kg, 0.002-8.696 mg/kg and ND-0.058 mg/kg, respectively. Artemisiae Capillaris Herba exceeded the standards of the MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) for cadmium items, and Actinidiae Ramulus et Fulium et Fructus Vermicultus exceeded the standards for arsenic items. The non-carcinogenic risk assessment showed that there were no items exceeding 1 and that they were safe. The risk of carcinogenicity to lead was below 10-6 in all items and was evaluated as safe. The risk of carcinogenicity of arsenic was almost all in the range of 10-4 to 10-6. All %PTWI are considered to be safe below 100.

Analysis of Heavy Metals Content in Distributed Children's Cosmetic Set (유통 어린이 화장품 세트의 중금속 함량에 관한 분석)

  • In-Sook Lee;Yeon-Ji Kim;Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim;Pyoung-Tae Ku
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
    • /
    • v.50 no.1
    • /
    • pp.77-84
    • /
    • 2024
  • Four children's cosmetic sets were purchased online, labeled for use from 4 years of age, and 81 components of each were analyzed for lead, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, nickel, cobalt, copper, chromium, and mercury by inductive coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP - MS). The average metal concentrations were as follows: 0.82 ㎍/g for lead, 0.03 ㎍/g for cadmium, 0.97 ㎍/g for arsenic, 0.52 ㎍/g for antimony, 2.32 ㎍/g for nickel and 0.01 ㎍/g for mercury which was lower than the acceptable standards for all products. Higher mean values of lead, antimony, cobalt, and copper were detected in imported than domestic products (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the average values of heavy metals according to the type of cosmetics (p < 0.05), with eyeshadow showing the highest mean values of arsenic 2.47 ㎍/g, nickel 6.36 ㎍/g, and chromium 11.06 ㎍/g. and the highest mean concentrations were 1.20 ㎍/g for lead, 1.17 ㎍/g for antimony, and 23.60 ㎍/g for copper in blusher. The levels of cobalt in the 81 children's cosmetics were ND ~ 5.23 ㎍/g, copper were ND ~ 379.61 ㎍/g, and chromium were detected ND ~ 36.95 ㎍/g, respectively. Brown colored cosmetics had the highest mean concentrations of nickel and cobalt. Purple-colored cosmetics had the highest mean concentration of lead and chromium.