• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2010

We sought to confirm an independent factor about in-stent restenosis (ISR) in the patients who underwent drug-eluting stent (DES) and know a possibility as a predictor of measured coronary artery calcium score by MDCT. A total of 178 patients (159 men, $61.7{\pm}10.0$ years of age) with 190 coronary artery lesions were included in this study out of 1,131 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with DES implantation for significant stenosis on MDCT at Chonnam National University Hospital between May 2006 and May 2009. All lesions were divided into two groups with the presence of ISR : group I (re ISR, N = 57) and group II (no ISR, N = 133). Compared to group II, group I was more likely to be older ($65.8{\pm}9.0$ vs. $60.2{\pm}9.9$ years, p = 0.0001), diabetic (21.8% vs. 52.6%, p = 0.0001), have old myocardial infarction (8.8% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.040), left main stem disease (5.3% vs. 0.8%, p = 0.047), and smaller stent size ($3.1{\pm}0.3\;mm$ vs. $3.3{\pm}0.4\;mm$, p = 0.004). Group II was more likely to be smokers (19.3% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.003), have dyslipidemia (8.8% vs. 23.3%, p = 0.019). Left ventricular ejection fraction, lesion complexity, and stent length were not different between the two groups. Total CAC score was $389.3{\pm}458.3$ in group I and $371.2{\pm}500.8$ in group II (p = 0.185). No statistical difference was observed between the groups in CAC score in the culprit vessel, left main stem, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, left main stem disease (OR = 168.0, 95% CI = 7.83-3,604.3, p = 0.001), male sex (OR = 36.5, 95% CI = 5.89-2,226.9, p = 0.0001), and the presence of diabetes (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.071-6.450, p = 0.035) were independent predictors of ISR after DES implantation. In patients who underwent DES implantation for significant coronary stenosis on MDCT, ISR was associated with left main stem disease, male sex, and the presence of diabetes. However, CAC score by MDCT was not a predictor of ISR in this study population.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.392-400
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of various periods of rye silage feeding on the growth performance, blood characteristics, and carcass quality of finishing pigs. A total of sixteen [($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$)] pigs (90.26 kg in average initial body weight) were tested in individual cages for a 30 day period. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (basal diet), 2) S10 (basal diet for 20 days and 3% rye silage for 10 days) 3) S20 (basal diet for 10 days and 3% rye silage for 20 days) and 4) S30 (3% rye silage for 30 days). There were no significant differences in the ADG and gain/feed ratio among the treatments(p>0.05), however the ADFI was higher in pigs fed the CON diet than with pigs fed diets with rye silage (p<0.05). The DM digestibility was higher with the S20 diet than with the S30 diet (p<0.05). With regard to blood characteristics, pigs fed rye silage had a significantly reduced cortisol concentration compared to pigs fed the CON diet (p<0.05). The backfat thickness was higher with the CON diet than with the S20 or S30 diets (p<0.05). Regarding the fatty acid contents of the leans, the C18:0 and total SFA were significantly higher with the CON diet than with the other diets (p<0.05). However, the C18:1n9, total MUFA and UFA/SFA levels were significantly lower with the CON diet than the other diets (p<0.05). Regarding the fatty acid contents of fat, the levels of C18:1n9 and MUFA were similar with the S20 and S30 diets, however, these levels were higher than with the CON or S10 diets (p<0.05). In conclusion, feed intake and DM digestibility were affected by rye silage, and the cortisol concentration, backfat thickness and fatty acid composition of pork were positively affected by feeding pigs rye silage.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2006

This research was designed to evaluate the nutritional an microbiol quality assessment of Chungmukimbab purchased from market in Tongyeoung area. Contents of calories, calcium, iron, thiamin and riboflavin in ordinary kimbab and Chungmukimbab were lower than the recommended levels of Korean adult men. So, We suggested that a fruit, beverage and ffod stuff were supplemented to maintain nutritional balance. Total aerobic bacteria and coliform group of just prepared ordinary kimbab and Chungmukimbab samples from market were not significantly different, showing approximately $5.50{\pm}0.38 log_{10} CFU/g,\;2.10{\pm}0.47log_{10}MPN/100g$ in ordinary kimbab, $5.61{\pm}0.42log_{10}CFU/g,\;1.75{\pm}0.34 log_{10} MPN/100g$ in Chungmukimbab, respectively. Total aerobic bacteria of law ingredients of chungmukimbab sample were 3 to $4 log_{10}CFU/g$ in kimbab, seasoning squid and radish roots kimchi, 4 to $5 log_{10}CFU/g$ in boiled fish paste. The coliform groups were 1 to $2 log_{10}$ MPN/100 g in kimbab, seasoning squid and radish roots kimchi, 2 to $3 log_{10}$ MPN/100g in boiled fish paste. Detection rate of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus counts were 10.0, 12.5% in Chungmu-kimbab, 15.0, 10.0% in seasoning squid, 0, 10.0% in radish roots kimchi respectively, not detected in boiled fish paste samples. During storage at $15^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours, total aerobic counts and coliform groups in ordinary kimbab and Chungmukimbab were increased by the 1.94, $0.97log_{10}CFU/g$, 0.60, 0.72 log10 MPN/100g respectively. Total aerobic counts of Chungmukimbab ingredients increased $0.83{\sim}l.33 log_{10}CFU/g$ at different time

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.24-30
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• 2009

Purpose: Today, Prostate cancer has been gradually increasing, according to the change of internal incidence rate of cancer. Generally, prostate cancer has lead to dead over 90%, in case of metastasis of lymph node and bone. So, innovative development of new radiopharmaceutical and imaging modality is progressed for detection of that metastasis, in nuclear medicine, now. Therefore, this study shows the usefulness of $^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT improved diagnosability on bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, 33 male patients with prostate cancer were examined (The mean age: $67.8{\pm}10.2$ years old). Every patient was done each whole body bone scan (WBBS) and $^{18}F$-Fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography ($^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT). And then, using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC curve), each sensitivity and specificity of two modalities was measured and compared with. Results: In 22 patients (66.6%) of all, bone metastasis was detected. And, in WBBS, sensitivity was 63.6%, specificity, 81.8%; in $^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT, sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 90.9%. As a result of ROC curve, AUROC (The Area under an ROC) of WBBS was 0.778, and that of $^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT, 0.942. Conclusions: $^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT was higher both sensitivity and specificity than WBBS, and it was valuable to detect bone metastasis of prostate cancer more definitely, with 3D imaging realization. Also, in $^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT, physiological images were acquired in more short time than WBBS, so, it was possible to reduce patient's waiting time and complaint. Therefore, it is considered that $^{18}F$-Fluoride PET/CT is able to improve diagnosability by offering more accurate images, as cuts in a share of high cost.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.308-314
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• 1997

A retrospective review of the histopathology and clinical information of primary lung cancer was performed to investigate the trends in the histologic type related to sex, age, and smoking history. During January 1988 and July 1995, 541 pateints were diagnosed as primary lung cancer at the Korea Univeristy Anam Hospital. Male (423) to female(118) ratio was 3. 6:1. The most frequent histologic type of lung cancer in male patients was squamous cell carcinoma (223 patients, 52.7%) followed by adenocarcinoma (86, 20.3%) and small cell carcinoma (85, 20.1 %). In female patients, adenocarcinoma (64, 54.2%) wa most common, which was followed by squamous cell carcinoma (22, 18.6%) and small cell carcinoma (22, 18. 6%). The incidence of adenocarnimoma had an increased tendency recently (14.3% in 1988, 33.3% in 1995)(P=0.019). The predominant type in smokers was squamous cell carcinoma; whereas adenocarcinoma was the most frequent type in non-smokers. The proportion of patients aged less than 40 years (younger group) was 4. 0% (n=22). Of them, adenocarcinoma (7) and small cell carcinoma (7) were most common. In patients older than 40 years (older group, n=519), 243 (46.8%) patients had squamous cell carcinoma, and 143 (27.6%) adenocarcinoma. As age increased, the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma was increased (P=0.0005), adenocarcinoma decreased (P=NS), and small cell carcinoma remained unchanged. We suggest above data as a clinical guidance for management of primary lung cancer.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of age and gender, types of intraocular lens (IOL), and refractive errors in subjects who had cataract surgery. Methods: 2,217 subjects who had cataract surgery were surveyed at an optometry clinic in Chungbuk from 2010 to 2012. Information about IOL was obtained from case history, reflective and retroillumination images IOL by auto refracto-keratometer. Refractive errors were determined by objective and subjective refraction. Results: The mean age of the subjects was $71.74{\pm}10.62$ years. The number of cataract surgeries increased from 524 persons in 2010 to 888 persons in 2012. Of the subjects surveyed, 52 persons (2.3%) were under the 40 years of age, 144 persons (6.5%) were in 50s, 404 persons (18.2%) were in 60s, 1,132 persons (51.1%) were in 70s, 485 persons (21.9%) were in above 80s. Cataract surgery was significantly prevalent in more female (1,338 persons, 60.4%) than in male (879 persons, 39.6%). Types of IOL were 2,141 persons (96.6%) for monofocal lens, special IOLs such as multifocal, accommodative and toric lens were 76 persons (3.4%). The distribution of refractive errors after cataract operation were 1,588 eyes (38.5%) for simple myopic astigmatism, 327 eyes (7.9%) for simple hyperopic astigmatism, 601 eyes (14.6%) for mixed astigmatism, 1,240 eyes (30.0%) for myopia, 136 eyes (3.3%) for hyperopia, and 234 eyes (5.7%) for emmetropia. The uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity of the subjects were $0.55{\pm}0.25$ and $0.80{\pm}0.23$, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of cataract surgery increased with age until 70s years of age, it was more prevalent in men than women over 60s, and frequency of special types of IOL were low. Most cataract surgeries left residual refractive errors. Therefore even after cataract surgery it may need spectacles for better vision at either distance or near.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 2001

Background : Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis forms part of a spectrum of diseases that are characterized by a monoclonal proliferation and infiltration of organs by Langerhans cells. Several organ systems may be involved in Langerhans cell histiocytosis, including the lungs, bone, skin, pituitary gland, liver, lymph nodes and thyroid. Pulmonary histiocytosis X represents 2.8% of interstitial lung disease. Here we present the clinical, radiological, therapeutic aspects of pulmonary histiocytosis X. Method : Fourteen cases of biopsy-proven pulmonary histiocytosis X patients who were diagnosed in Seoul National University Hospital during the period from January 1990 to December 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. Result : There were 12 men and 2 women in this study. The initial presenting symptoms were dyspnea, cough, chest pain, which was associated with the pneumothorax, and chest radiography abnormalities. Only 8 patients (57%) were smokers. There were 5 patients with extra-pulmonary histiocytosis (pituitary, bone, skin). Eight patients had received the chemotherapy. There were no mortalities and only one patient experienced an aggravation of symptom during the follow-up period. Conclusion : In contrast to previous reports from other countries, the patients with pulmonary histiocytosis X in this study presented with several different clinical characteristics, such as a male predominance, relatively low smoker's rate, and a better prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2011

This study was carried out to improve service efficiency and to cope with a emergency situation in emergency radiography, through analysis of the radiographic distriution and literature cited about emergency care. Data collection of radiographic distribution was surveyed for 1270 emergency outpatients who visit during JAN, 2009at ER of the general hospital in Gwang city. The results is as follows : Emergency radiography rate of simple radiography was 56.6%, special radiography 2. 5%, CT 34.2%, and ultrasonography 6.7%, In simple radiography rate. a high rate was distributed on male(63.6%), thoracicsurgery part(90.0%), admission patient(77.9%), and long stayed patient at ER. In special raiography rate, a high rate was obsurved in urologic part(28.6%), and in CT rate, observed neurosurgerty part(49.2%) and neurologic part(36.7%). Ultrasonography rate was high for female(8.8%) and internal medicine part(15.9%). There are distributed regional radiography rate in radio-graphic type that chest(55.3%) is high in the simple radiography, urinary system(1.2%) in the special study, and brain(40.0%) in the CT. Regional radiography rate according to diagnostic department also was showed highly for head(64.6%) in neuro surgery, chest(90.0%) in thoracic surgery, abdomen(58.0%) in general surgery, spine(40.0%) in neuro surgery, and pelvis(15.9%), upper extrimity(20.5%), and lower extrimity(31.8%) in orthopedic surgery each. Mean radiographic case number per patient of simple radiography was sinificant on sex, age, transfer relation in both total and radiopraphic patients(p<0.05). Mean radiographic case number was highly distributed on male(2.2 case number) in sex, on thirties(2.7) in age, transferred patient(2.7) in patient type, and on nurosurgery(3.4) in diagnostic charged part. Total radiographic case number in regional party was highly distributed on chest(998 case number.) Considering the above results, emergency radiographer should take care of the elder patient in emergency radiography and get hold of injury mechanism to decrease possible secondary injury during radiography. Because of high radiography rate of urinary system in special study, related instrument. All radiographer who take charge emergency patient should cope with a emergency situation during radiography. Because head trauma patients is very important in patient care, especilly in CT at night, charged doctor should be always sitted with CT room and monitoring patient. Radiography was reqested by many diagnostic department in ER. Considering that rate of simple radiography is high, special room for emergency radiopraphy should be established in ER area, and the radioprapher of this room should be stationed radiologic technician who is career and can implement emergency patient care and The disposition of men which is appropriate with emergency patient increase is necessary.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.106-113
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• 1991

A clinical review of 31 cases of multiple myeloma which were diagnosed by criteria of the SWOG between May 1983 and February 1990 at Yeungnam University Hospital was done. The results were as followings : 1. The peak incidence was in 7th decade and male to female ratio was 1.8 : 1. 2. The most common presenting symptom at first diagnosis was bone pain (58%), but fever, dyspnea, dizziness and palpable mass were also noted. 3. The distribution of laboratory findings as following diagnostic criteria of Southwest oncology group(SWOG) : plasmacytoma on tissue biopsy was noted 6 cases, bone marrow plasmacytosis with more than 10% plasma cells was 22 cases, monoclonal globulin spike on serum electrophoresis was 24 cases, lytic bone lesions was observed 22 cases. 4. Initial clinical stages were classified as 2 cases in stage I, 3 cases in stage II, 26 cases in stage III(84%) 5. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed the distribution of IgG 64%, light chain 22%, IgA 10%. Kappa to Lambda ratio of 1.1 : 1. 6. Hematologic & biochemical fingins revealed anemia with <8.5% of hemoglobulin in 42%, hypercalcemia with < 10.6mg% of serum calcium in 22%, azotemia >2.0mg% of serum creatinine in 19%. 7. The multiple punched out lesion of bone x-ray examination were noticed skull(65%), rib(42%), L-spine(35%), pelvis(23%), T-spine(19%). The initial skeletal roentgenographic findings showed osteoporosis, osteolytic lesion and fracture in 55%, only osteolytic lesion in 23%, only osteoporosis in 10%. 8. Complications of multiple myeoloma, such as 10 cases of renal impairment, 8 cases of infection, 16 cases of compression fracture of spine were observed.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.207-213
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• 2005

The severity of carotid Intima-media thickness (IMT) is an Independent predictor of atherosclerosis which causes transient cerebral ischemia, stroke, and coronary events such as myocardial Infarction. The IMT consists of Intima thickness (IT) and media thickness (MT). However, the Individual clinical significance of IT and MT has not been well studied. We devised a method of measuring IT, MT, and IMT using B-mode ultrasound Image processing technique for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. To inspect the clinical significance of IT, MT, and IMT, one hundred forty-four consecutive patients (mean age; 57 years old, 72 males) were underwent common carotid artery scanning using high-resolution ultrasound. Results showed that, the IT (p<0.05), MT (p<0.05) as well as IMT (p<0.01) of patients with atherosclerotic disease were significantly thicker than that of the patients without atherosclerotic disease. Patients with hyperiension showed significantly thicker IT (p<0.01), MT (p<0.001), and IMT (p<0.001). However, only IT was thicker in patients with smoking (p<0.01). The IT (r=0.374, p=0.001), MT (r=0.433, p=0.000), and IMT (r=0.479, p=0.000) showed positive correlation with age. The coefficients of determination ($r^2$) were estimated to be $92.4\%$ for IMT and MT, $49.1\%$ for IMT and IT, and $27.4\%$ for IT and MT. This result suggests that the Intima layer of the carotid artery has a different physiology with the media layer.