• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.5 s.110
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• pp.584-593
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• 2005

The spatial and temporal variations of heating degree-days (HDDs) and cooling degree-days (CDDs) are closely related with the temperature field. The spatial distribution of 30-year mean HDDs shows that the higher values locates in the northern part of South Korea while the lower values locates in the southern part. The 30-year mean CDDs shows a more randomized distribution than the HDDs. The changing trends of HDDs and CDDs show a different feature: HDDs have a distinct decreasing trend while CDDs have an insignificant change. The decreasing trends of HDDs are consistent over South Korea and most of stations have experienced the statistically significant change. As significant changing areas of HDDs are much broader than those of annual mean temperature, HDDs can be more useful than annual mean temperature to detect the climate change impact on a regional level. In other words, an insignificant change on the mean temperature field can induce the significant change of thermal climatology in a region. The temporal pattern of climatic departure index (CDI) for South Korea HDDs series shows a general decreasing, but a sharp increase during recent years. The drastic decrease of HDDs induces higher CDI indicating larger variability among stations. However, the decrease of South Korea HDDs series cannot totally attribute to the global warming due to urban effects. By the early 1980s, there were no big differences of HDDs between urban and rural series, but later the differences are getting larger. This was expected to be with the intensification of urbanization in South Korea. However, still there is a decreasing trend of HDDs for rural stations.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.22
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• pp.10-22
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• 1980

이 글에서는 다음의 내용을 다루었다. 1. 난방도일의 수도분포와 겨울 설계기온 2. 난방도일의 분포

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.436-441
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to revise the HDD(Heating Degree-Days) of main cities of Korea because the outside temperature rise have been accelerated by global warming recently. Now our HDD(Heating Degree-Days) for the utility design of district heating system had been `established in 20 years ago. Therefore new heating degree days for main cities of korea had been required and determined using long-term measured outside weather temperature data during 30 years. For the analysis of HDD, five different base temperatures ranging from 24 to $16^{\circ}C$ were chosen in the calculation of heating degree days. And new yearly heating degree days of 15 cities of korea were given in the tabular form.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.943-948
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• 2008

Global average temperature rise accelerates by global warming in the three decades of the 20th century. But Current HDD ( Heating Degree-Days) which we are using has been established 20 years ago. Therefore new heating degree days for 15 district areas of korea was determined using long-term measured data. Five different base temperatures ranging from 24 to $16^{\circ}C$ were chosen in the calculation of heating degree days. And yearly heating degree days were given in the tabular form.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

Global average temperature rise accelerates by global warming in the three decades of the 20th century. But now we use heating degree days which was established 20 years ago. Therefore new heating degree days for 15 district areas of korea was determined using long-term measured data. Five different base temperatures ranging from 24 to $16^{\circ}C$ were chosen in the calculation of heating degree days. And yearly heating degree days were given in the tabular form.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.141-158
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• 2013

In this study, the projection of future heating and cooling degree days (HDDs and CDDs) has been conducted over South Korea for the period 1996~2005 with 2046~2055 and 2091~2100, using CCSM3 and MM5 simulations driven by the six IPCC SRES emission scenarios (A2, A1B, A1FI, A1T, B1, and B2). Annual mean surface air temperature increases by $1.2{\sim}3.4^{\circ}C$ at the end of the 21st century comparing to the present-day (1996~2005) in South Korea. HDDs decrease by 8~25% and CDDs increase up to 242~1,448% with corresponding changes in temperature. These increases and decreases also change the duration of HDDs and CDDs. HDDs duration decreases by 1 month, while the expansion of CDDs duration is much longer than 2 months. Thus, projected future HDDs and CDDs changes appear that cooling energy demand in summer season would increase and heating energy demand in winter would decrease in the future. Especially, these remarkable changes would be obvious at high mountain area, Gangwon-do and at south area, Jeju island. In the sense of future energy supply and policy, electrical energy for cooling in summer could be getting much more its importance rather than fossil energy used for heating in winter.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.15-26
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• 2018

It is difficult to check the exact building energy consumption reduction such as when green remodeling of buildings, because it is due to outdoor air temperature over the years. And in Korea although Big Data of building energy consumption is collected and managed through "The Information System of the Building Energy and Greenhouse Gases" it is underutilized because of non calibration of outdoor air temperature change. Therefore, this study aims to develope calibration method of building energy consumption by outdoor air temperature according to micro climates, and building use types. As a result of analysis, Regression equations of Building energy consumption and $HDD_m/CDD_m$ are derived and calibration method is developed by Regression coefficient.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.160-165
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• 2008

The concern in energy reduction in the field of architecture which takes up a big weight in domestic energy consumption is gradually increasing. For this reason, a lot of research work on this matter is being carried out. Particularly, it is generally required that currently used system in a structure for energy reduction should be maximized in its efficiency. In addition, research on several energy reduction typed systems is underway. Such a research work should not only include the one in time of the present but also keep up with the trend for future-oriented research. This research paper forecasted and analyzed the trend for global warming and demand of a structure for energy in the future by applying climate scenarios to cooling degree-day and heating degree-day. Also, this research found out the decrease in heating degree-days and increase in cooling degree-days until this moment due to the progress of global warming. In addition, as for heating degree-days in the future forecasted on the basis of HadCM3, it is estimated that the range of decrease could be ever bigger starting 2040 in case of Seoul and also starting 2010 in case of Ulsan ever after respectively. In case of cooling degree-days, it is estimated that its increase range could be bigger abruptly starting 2050, and after 2080, its increase range would be much bigger.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.11-16
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• 2009

To act and respond to the climate changes and to bring about power-saving in buildings, the changes in the atmospheric data in Korea are recorded and assessed. For the two regions representative of Korea, the data obtained from HadCM3 and actual data are compared and analyzed so as to concretely evaluate and confirm the changes taking place in the cooling and heating degree days in Korea. For the past 40 years, from 1996 to 2005, the number of heating degree days was on the decline and in the two representative regions, between 1980's and 1990's, the number of decrease in the heating degree days had been quite large. The number of cooling degree days showed a trend of increase since the 1970's and just as in the case of heating degree days, the extent of increase was quite large between the 1980's and the 1990's. The results of comparison of the number of heating and cooling degree days, one obtained from the "Korea Meteorological Administration" and another from the HadCM3 data (E127.5,N37.5,E127.5,N35), which is one of the ways of predicting the climate, showed similar trends in the number of heating degree days in the Yeosu area. However, in the case of the number of heating degree days in Seoul and the number of cooling degree days both in Seoul and Yeosu, the differences in the number ranged from a minimum of 300 days to a maximum of 1500 days. This could be attributed to the grid points used in the HadCM3, the differences in the values of latitudes and longitudes of these two locations considered in this study, topographical differences, heat island effect caused by population density etc. and while using the HadCM3, these variables factors must be taken into consideration.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.482-495
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• 2017

Degree-days are practically used as a tool to estimate energy consumption for heating and cooling. Degree-days are calculated by summing differences of balance point temperature and outside temperature for the analyzed period. Determining balance point temperature is a key point in calculating accurate degree-days. However, ASHRAE standards are used for balance point temperature in Korea because balance point temperature considering climate conditions and building thermal performance is not proposed in Korea. This study proposes the process to generate balance point temperature for heating degree-days considering Korean climate and building conditions. Also, a new balance point temperature for three regions in Korea will be suggested in this study. Balance point temperature of Seoul is approximately $15.0^{\circ}C$, lower than the current standard of $18.3^{\circ}C$. Balance point temperature of Seoul considering climate conditions and building performance can be different from the ASHRAE suggested value ($18.3^{\circ}C$). Results revealed the current standard for balance point temperature should be changed considering climate and building conditions in Korea.