• Title/Summary/Keyword: 나린진

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Elution Properties of Naringin from Soft Contact Lens Containing Naringin (나린진(naringin)이 함유된 소프트 콘택트렌즈에서 나린진의 용출 특성)

  • Ryu, Geun-Chang;Jun, Jin;Jin, Moon-Seok;Chae, Soo-Chul;Kim, In-Suk
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.45-50
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: A soft contact lens was manufactured by adding naringin known as natural anti-bacterial material to resin solution. With solution eluted from manufactured contact lens, we examined its optical properties, physical and chemical states of naringin in the polymer, and elution properties. Methods: The soft contact lens with naringin was synthesized by bulk polymerization method. IR spectrum and HPLC were used to define the bonding type of naringin itself in the soft contact lens contained naringin, elution process of naringin to the saline solution, and the amount of naringin solution eluted from the lens with elapsed time. Results: Naringin was continuously eluted with constant concentration from the soft contact lens for about a month and the structure ofnaringin which is eluted was as same as before it was added to resin solution. Any change in optical properties such as transmittance couldn't be found. Bonding state and the structure of naringin in contact lens were explained with IR spectrum and HPLC results. Conclusions: In the contact lens with naringin, naringin remained in the contact lens bonding with weak hydrogen bonding and/or van der Waals force between naringin and polymer. Naringin was continuously eluted from the contact lens contained naringin during about 1 month. Even after 1 month, it showed that the concentration of the naringin eluted was approximately 10 ppm in a day. From the results, adding naringin to the soft contact lens resin is very effective method for manufacturing the soft contact lens which has anti-bacterial function for a period of time.

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Effects of Onion and Naringin Extract Mixed Products on Antihyperlipidemic Levels of Bio FIB Hamster (FIB 햄스터에서 양파즙과 나린진 추출 혼합물의 항고지혈증 효과 -투과전자현미경적 관찰-)

  • Kim, In-Suk;Chae, Soo-Chul;Kim, Dong-Wook
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.191-197
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    • 2009
  • This study investigated the effects to lowering hyperlipidemic levels in hamsters by feeding them naringin and onion extracts. The hyperlipidemic levels on all of the hamsters were raised by feeding them with high fat atherogenic diet (HFAD) containing 10% coconut oil and 0.05% cholesterol. The experimental groups were randomly assigned to 5 groups (normal, control, OEN, OES, and OESN) each 6 hamsters over a 40 days period. The control group (HFAD) received a 10% coconut oil and 0.05% cholesterol with basal diet, the OEN group which received an onion extract mixture contaning 50% water and 50% onion extract, the OES group which received 100% onion extract, the OESN group which received 100% onion extract combined with 1% naringin. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly decreased in the naringin treated group while the HDL cholesterol level increased. On the other hand, the morphology of the mitochondria and nuclei found in the livers of the treated group given naringin were siginficantly different when compared to those group given high fat diets. In conclusion, onion extract with naringin decreased cholesterol levels in hamster's livers.

The Change of Free Sugar, Hesperidine, Naringin, Flavonoid Contents and Antihypertensive Activities of Yuza Variety according to Harvest Date (유자의 종류별 수확시기에 따른 유리당, 헤스페리딘, 나린진, 플라보노이드 함량과 항고혈압 활성 변화)

  • Hwang, Seong-Hee;Jang, Jae-Seon;Kim, Min-Jeong;Kim, Kang-Sung
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.1051-1058
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    • 2014
  • Yuza (Citrus junos) had 3 varieties and they had variable physiochemical properties. This study analyzed free sugar, hesperidine, naringin, flavonoid contents and antihypertensive activities according to variety and harvest time of Yuza. Three Yuza varieties, native (C. junos I), improved I (C. junos I + Poncirus trifoliata), improved II (C. junos I + C. junos II) were used. Harvest time could influence biochemical properties of Yuza such as acidity and $^{\circ}brix$. When the Yuza harvested at behind of season, the sugar/acid ratio went up because the acidity was decreased but sugar content was increased. Fructose content was dramatically high at November, Yuza of the season. Total flavonoids was high in pulp parts of improved II and in juice of native one harvested at October. The content of hesperidin and naringin in peels and juices were high in immature fruits fresh-picked at July since then they were decreased steadily and there were no difference according to varieties. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition was powerful at pulp of Yuza in particular native one picked at November.

Free sugar, Organic acid, Hesperidin, Naringin and Inorganic elements Changes of Cheju Citrus Fruits According to Harvest Date (제주산 감귤류의 숙기에 따른 유리당, 유기산, 헤스페리딘, 나린진, 무기물 함량의 변화)

  • Song, Eun-Young;Choi, Young-Hun;Kang, Kyung-Hee;Koh, Jeong-Sam
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.306-312
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    • 1998
  • Free sugar, organic acid, naringin, hesperidin and inorganic elements change of six varities of Cheju citrus fruits; Citrus natsudaidai, C. grandis, C. platymamma., C. sudachi, C. aurantiun and C. unshiu Marc. var. miyagawa by harvest date were investigated. Changes in free sugar of citrus fruits on the different harvesting stages and varieties showed a little differencies. The content of sucrose, glucose and maltose in citrus juice were $44.9{\sim}66.0%,\;15.7{\sim}25.7%\;and\;17.5{\sim}30.1%$, respectively. As the fruits were matured, free sugar was increased, but organic acid was decreased gradually. The major organic acids from the fruit juice were citric acid, malic acid and oxalic acid. Citric acid content exceeded 90%, oxalic acid ranged less than 3.58% and malic acid ranged $0.98{\sim}9.45%$ in total organic acids. Both naringin and hesperidin content showed markedly high in immature fruits, and in rind compare to fruit juice. Naringin and hesperidin content decreased as peel coloration progressed. It was estimated that fully matured fruits would be useful for making processed products, which lead to less turbity and less bitterness.

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Effects of Natural and Chemical Disinfectants to Epithelium and Endothelium of Rabbit's Cornea - Scanning Electron Microscopy (천연보존제와 화학보존제가 가토안의 각막 상피, 내피에 미치는 영향- 주사전자현미경적 관찰)

  • Kim, In-Suk;Jeon, Chang-Jin
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.129-134
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    • 2005
  • The cytotoxicity that chemical disinfectants of K products and natural disinfectants of naringin & chitosan well-known preservative, have on endothelium and epithelium of rabbit's cornea were obseved by scanning electron microscope. The main component of naringin is grapefruit seed extract, which is one of the flavonoid widely recognized as natural antioxidants and used as preserved food and cosmetics. The chitosan also wildly distributed epithelium of crustacea, epidermis of insects, mould, fungi and so on. It is no harm of cytotoxicity of human body and recognized of antibacterial for various of bacteria. This study was performed to examine the cytotoxicity of natural and chemical preservative.

Effect of Photoprotective activities of Poncirustrifoliata immature Fruit extract and Naringin compound (지실 추출물과 Naringin의 광방어 효과)

  • Park, Sang-Hee;Kwak, In-Sil
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.10 no.7
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    • pp.267-279
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    • 2019
  • The study studied dermal protection and crease improvement from the sunlight of the lipid extract and narinjin. Sunlight was investigated in HR-1 (motherless mice) to identify changes in epithelial thickness and changes in collagen fibers, which account for around 90% of dermis, as the inhibitory efficacy of collagenase dissolving collagen also plays an important role in wrinkles. The experiment was validated using narinjin and jisil extract. First: The components of jisil and narinjin were analyzed. Second, antioxidant capabilities were confirmed with DPPH. Third: The inhibitory activity of collagen was measured. Studies have shown that the skin's upper skin thickness suppression of dermal extracts and narinzine has increased and that collagen thicknesses and wrinkles have decreased significantly compared to controls.

The Effects of Natural Disinfectants Naringin on Corneal Epithelium and Endothelium of Rabbit - By Scanning Electron Microscopy (천연보존제 나린진이 가토안의 각막 상피와 내피에 미치는 영향 - 주사전자현미경을 통한 고찰)

  • Kim, In-Suk;Yoo, Geun-Chang;Chae, Soo-Chul;Jeon, Chang-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2005
  • The effects of R products of B company and natural disinfectant naringin, well-known chemical disinfectant on Corneal endothelium and epithelium of rabbit were observed by scanning electron microscope. The main component of naringin is extract of grapefruit seed, which is one of the flavonoid widely recognized as natural antioxidants and used as preservative agent of food and cosmetics. The chemical disinfectants cytotoxicity in cell cultures were announced by MIT assay and LDH leakage assay. But there has been no study about that chemical disinfectants and natural disinfectants is inserted drops on rabbit's cornea directly. In this test R products B company and natural disinfectants has been dropped on the cornea of rabbits for one weeks and observed cytotoxiciy by light camera after rose bengal staining. Also, we analysed the damage of corneal epithelium and endothelium morphologically after enucleating the cornea by scanning electron microscope.

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Protective Effect Naringin on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice (나린진(Naringin)의 $CCl_4$에 의한 급성 간독성 보호효과)

  • Chae, Soo-Chul;Kho, Eun-Gyeong;Choi, Seung-Hyun;Ryu, Geun-Chang
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.325-335
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    • 2008
  • The protective effects of the Naringin, on carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced hepatotoxicity and the possible mechanisms involved in this protection were investigated in mice. Pretreatment with Naringin prior to the administration of $CCl_4$ significantly prevented an increase in serum alanine, aspartate aminotransferase activity and hepatic lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, pretreatment with Naringin also significantly prevented the depletion of glutathione (GSH) content in the livers of $CCl_4$-induced mice. However, reduced hepatic glutathione levels was unaffected by treatment with Naringin alone. In addition, Naringin prevented $CCl_4$-induced apoptosis and necrosis, as indicated by a liver DNA laddering. To determine whether caspase-8,-3 pathway involved in $CCl_4$-induced acute liver injury, caspase-8, -3 activities were tested by ELISA. Naringin attenuated $CCl_4$induced caspase-8, -3 activities in mouse livers. $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity was also prevented, as indicated by a liver histopathologic study. The effects of Naringin on the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1, the major isozyme involved in $CCl_4$ were also investigated. Treatment of mice with Naringin resulted in a significant decrease of the CYP2E1-dependent hydroxyl at ion and aniline in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that protective effects of Naringin against the $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to its ability to block CYP2E1-mediated $CCl_4$ bioactivation and that is also protects against caspase-8, -3 pathway mediated apoptosis.

Changes of Components of Citrus Sudachi Juice Heated at Various Temperatures (가열온도에 따른 영귤 과즙의 성분 변화)

  • Kim, Young-Dong;Lee, Young-Chul;Oh, Young-Ju;Kang, Young-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.238-244
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    • 2001
  • The study was performed to investigate the changes of components and volatiles in citrus sudachi juice heated at 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and $90^{\circ}C$. Total acidity, $^{\circ}Brix$, pH, organic acids, free amino acids, vitamin C, naringin, hesperidine, neohesperidin and volatiles were analyzed in fresh and heated citrus sudachi juices. The major organic acids were citric, malic and oxalic acids and their total contents were 5.27-5.48%. Citric acid content exceeded 92%, malic and oxalic acids were 3.6 and 3.2% in total orgainc acids. The organic acids decreased as heating temperature increased, but the their decreasing contents were 0.3% of total oraganic acids. Sixteen kinds of free amino acids presented in citrus sudachi juice. Major free amino acids were alanine, threonine, proline, aspargine, aspartic acid, serine, tyrosine, and trytophane and minor free amino acids were arginine, valine, glycine, lisoluecine, leucine and histidine. Free amino acids contents decreased as heating temperature increased. Vitamin C contents also decreased from 21.3 mg% to 17.3 mg% as heating temperature increased. Naringin, hesperidine and neohesperidin also slightly decreased from 304 mg% to 297.0 mg% as heating temperature increased. In the fresh and heated juices, a total of 50 volatiles were separated, of which 31 were identified. Limonene dominated in volatiles, followed by ${\gamma}-terpinene,\;{\alpha}-phellandrene$, myrcene and ${\alpha}-pinene$. ${\alpha}-Thujene$ presented in the fresh jucie but did not present in the heated juice above $50^{\circ}C$. However, ${\alpha}-Terpinolene$, terpinene-1-ol, ${\beta}-terpineol$, $cis-{\beta}-terpineol$, ${\alpha}-muurolene$, bicyclo(3.2.0)hept-6-ene, and mentha-1.4.8-triene did not presented in the fresh jucie but newly formed in the juice heated at $90^{\circ}C$.

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The comparative of Naringin and Chitosan using Natural preservation agents by LM and TEM (천연보존제 나린진과 키토산의 비교....LM & TEM적 소견)

  • Kim, In-Suk;Yoo, Geun-Chang;Chae, Soo-Chul;Lee, Chong-Bin;Jeon, Chang-Jin
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.283-292
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    • 2005
  • This study investigated the effects of naringin, and chitosan in rabbits' corneas. Naringin, a glycone of naringenin, is a widely distributed bioflavonoid in the grapefruit and citrus peel, and it has already been reported as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent. It has been used as a food preservatives and cosmetics. One of the natural preservatives, chitosan has also used in food preservatives, health drinks, and teas. Chitosan is distributed in the epithelium of crustacea, insects, and fungi. Naringin and chitosan have no harmful effects of cytotoxicity in the human body and they are recognized as an antibacterial for various forms of bacteria. The purpose of this study is to search for the ideal percentage of natural products to substitute the chemical preservatives occuring within the cornea and conjunctiva cytotoxicity and inflammations as wearing on soft contact lens. The present study compared the morphology of corneal epithelium and endothelium observed by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vivo methods, We investigated the effects of natural preservatives on soft contact lens. We inserted 3-4 drops of the naringin and chitosan, directly on rabbits' corneas 4 times per a day during one week. After enucleation of cornea, morphorgical damages of the epithelium and endothelium were observed by LM and TEM. In view of ultrastructure, chitosan caused siginficant damage on the epithelium and endothelium of cornea. The damage of cells was higher in chitosan treated cornea than 0.01, 0.1, and 1% of naringin. The 1% of naringin also expressed cell damage seriously. The results suggest that the most important thing is to use the reasonable percentage of preservatives for contact lens solutions.

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