• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.8 s.239
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• pp.1043-1050
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• 2005

Condenser tube is a component of the heat exchanger in automobile and air conditioning apparatus. It is generally made from the 1000 or 3000 series Al alloys that have good heat efficiency. In the case of 3000 series, these have high strength and hardness but have the disadvantage of low extruability. The development of extruding process in condenser tube with 3000 series Al alloys is studied in this paper. A study on extrusion process is performed through the 3D FE simulation in non-steady state and extrusion experimentation. Also, nano-indentation test is employed to estimate the weldability of tubes. Especially, An evaluation of the weldability using the nano-indentation is accomplished as compared with nano-hardness of welded part and the others in cross-section of tube.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.162-163
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• 2009

마이크로플라즈마 스프레이(Microplasma spray, MPS)를 이용하여 hydroxyapatite(HA) 코팅을 수행하여, HA코팅 층에 대한 밀착력을 측정하였다. 밀착력의 측정은 ASTM C633에 의거하였으며, 실험의 설계는 다꾸치법 (L18($2^{1}3^{7}$))을 이용하였다. 본 실험에서 HA코팅 층과 모재에 대한 밀착력 측정에서 35.8MPa의 밀착력을 얻었으며, SEM을 이용하여, 표면 형상과 밀착력 실험 후의 파단면을 관찰하였다. 또한, 나노 인덴테이션을 사용하여, 탄성계수와 미소경도를 측정하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.527-528
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• 2006

In the proposed research plan, the effects of anisotropic and time-dependent mechanical properties on nanoindentation measurements of osteonic lamellae in a human cortical bone are investigated. The most popular method(Oliver-Pharr method) in nanoindentation data analysis is based on the assumption of elastic isotropy. Since cortical bone has exhibited anisotropy, it is necessary to consider the effects of anisotropy on nanoindentation measurement for cortical bone. By comparison with the contact area obtained from monitoring the contact profile in FEA simulations, the Oliver-Pharr method was found to underpredict or overpredict the contact area due to effects of anisotropy. The mount of error depended on the indentation orientation. The indentation modulus results and were also similar to moduli calculated from mathematical model. The Oliver-Pharr method has been shown to be useful for providing first order approximations in analysis of anisotropic mechanical properties of cortical bone, although the indentation modulus is influenced by anisotropy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.503-504
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• 2006

Determination of elastic properties of nano-scale materials using nano-indentation tests is well established, but that of plastic properties is not yet clear. This paper presents a method to extract plastic properties from nano-indentation test, together with results from detailed elastic-plastic FE analysis. It shows that the plastic properties determined from this method are not unique, in the sense that a number of different plastic properties can give the same load-displacement response from nano-indentation test. possible ways to overcome such problems are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.311-311
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• 2012

Boron carbide (B-C) 박막은 높은 경도, 열적 안전성, 화학적 안전성이 우수한 하드 코팅 소재로 사용되고 있다. 우수한 특성을 가지는 B-C 박막에 대한 연구는 B4C 비전도성 타겟을 이용하여 RF Sputtering 법으로 증착 공정변수에 대해서 박막의 물성에 관해 일부 연구자들이 진행하였으나, Pulsed dc margnetron sputtering 법으로 증착 공정변수에 대한 물성의 연구는 미진하였다. 반면에, DLC 박막은 우수한 특성을 가지는 하드 코팅 소재이나 400도 이상에서는 내열성이 떨어지는 단점을 가지고 있다. 연구에서는 B-C 박막의 내열성이 우수한 특성을 이용하여 DLC 박막의 내열성을 높이기 위한 목적으로 B-C 박막과 DLC 박막을 다층막으로 제조함으로서 DLC 박막을 구조적으로 안정화를 시키고자 하였다. 그리고 비전도성 B4C 타겟으로 Pulsed dc 마그네트론 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 증착기술을 개발하기 위해서 공정압력과 인가전력에 따른 B-C 박막을 제조하여 그 물성을 조사하였고, B-C/DLC 다층막을 제조하여 DLC 박막의 내열성을 증가시키고자 하였다. B-C 박막과 B-C/DLC 다층막의 경도와 탄성율은 나노인덴테이션과 마이크로 비커스를 이용하였으며, 박막의 성장구조와 박막의 구조를 조사하기 위해 SEM과 FTIR 및 XRD 을 이용하여 측정하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2014

아연-마그네슘 합금은 뛰어난 내식성으로 최근 코팅소재로 가장 많이 사용되는 아연 도금을 대체할 수 있는 재료로서 주목받고 있다. 특히 PVD 방식을 통해 도금강판을 제조할 경우 도금층의 두께 제어가 용이하여 아연의 사용량을 저감할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 PVD 방식을 통해 제조된 아연-마그네슘 도금강판을 사용하기 위해서는 내식성 이외에도 일정수준의 기계적 특성 확보가 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 마그네슘 함량을 달리하여 제조된 아연-마그네슘 도금강판을 대상으로 XRD 분석, 나노인덴테이션 시험을 실시하여, 아연-마그네슘 도금강판 도금층의 기계적 특성에 미치는 상(Phase)의 영향을 분석하였다.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.731-737
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• 2004

Mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and hardness of thin film in coated steel are difficult to determine by nano-indentation from the conventional analysis using the load-displacement curve. Therefore, an analysis of the nano-indentation loading-unloading curve was used to determine the Young's modulus, hardness. A new method is recently being developed for elastic-plastic properties of materials from nano-indentation. Elastic modulus of the thin films shows relatively small influence whereas yield strength is found to have significant effect on measured data. The load-displacement curves of material tested with a Berkovich indenter and nano-indentation continuous stiffness method is used to measure the modulus and hardness through thin films, and then these are computed using the analysis procedure. The developed neural networks apply also to obtain reliable mechanical properties.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.382-387
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• 2003

In this study, to achieve the optimal conditions for mechanical hyper-fine pattern fabrication process, deformation behaviors of the materials during indentation were studied with numerical method by ABAQUS S/W. Brittle materials (Si, Pyrex glass 7740) were used as specimens, and forming conditions to reduce the elastic recovery and pile-up were proposed. The indenter was modeled a rigid surface. Minimum mesh sizes of specimens are 1-10nm. Comparisons between the experimental data and numerical result demonstrated that the finite element approach is capable of reproducing the loading-unloading behavior of a nanoindentation test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.187-188
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 자동차 연료분사 장치의 내마모성 및 내구성 개선을 목적으로 이온빔 증착법을 이용하여 DLC 코팅을 증착하고 특성을 평가하였다. 특히 $CH_4/C_2H_2$ 분압비에 따라 DLC 박막의 표면조도, 밀착력, 경도등에 미치는 영향을 조사하였으며 DLC 박막의 구조 변화를 관찰하였다. 제조된 박막의 표면조도는 AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy)을 이용하였으며 박막의 밀착력은 스크래치 시험기를 이용하였고 미소 경도는 나노 인덴테이션을 이용하였으며 구조분석은 Raman spectroscopy를 이용하였다. 표면조도 결과 $C_2H_2$ 주입량을 증가함에 따라 표면조도와 경도값은 급격하게 증가하였고 $C_2H_2$만 주입했을 경우 Ra값이 90 nm, 미소 경도값은 2291 Hv로 최대값을 나타내었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.3 s.192
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• pp.91-99
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• 2007

Fractures of galvannealed coating layer during actual press forming in automotive applications were observed by scanning electron microscopy in order to understand fracture mechanism. Fracture behaviors of galvannealed coating layer in extra deep drawing quality steels and high strength steels have been studied by performing the tests describing the representative plastic deformation in sheet metal forming such as uni-axial tensile test, compression test, bi-axial test and plane strain test. Growth and direction of cracks were deeply related to the plastic deformation modes and history. The material properties of galvannealed coating layer were investigated by nano-indentation test equipped with Berkovich diamond indentor for the specimens. Hardness and elastic modulus of the coating layer were higher than bared steels and that was the reason for crack of coating layer. Flat friction test and drawbead friction test were performed to observe the effect of the surface morphology on the frictional characteristics. The micro-plasto hydrodynamic lubrication were appeared and played an important role in reducing the coefficient of friction.