• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

5G 네트워크의 기술 중 NOMA의 핵심은 각 노드별 파워할당계수를 할당하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 Full Duplex NOMA 릴레이 시스템을 대상으로 성공적인 디코딩을 위한 수신단 최소 필요 신호 대 잡음비 분석을 통해 NOMA 기술의 핵심인 Uplink/Downlink 파워할당계수를 산출하는 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 이를 통해 제안된 알고리즘과 기존 파워 할당 방식과의 성능비교를 실시하였으며 에르고딕 처리용량 및 전송실패율에 관하여 우수한 성능을 확인하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.769-781
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• 2021

Given data about the annual fishery yield of the common squid Todarodes pacificus, and the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data from multiple fisheries from 2000-2018, we applied a Bayesian state - space assessment model for the squid population. One of our objectives was to do a stock assessment, simultaneously incorporating CPUE data from the following three fisheries, (i) large trawl, (ii) jigger, and (iii) large purse seine, which comprised on average a year about 65% of all fisheries, allowing possible correlations to be reflected. Other objectives were to consider both observation and process errors and to apply objective priors of parameters. The estimated annual exploitable biomass was in the range of 3.50×10⁵ to 1.22×10⁶ MT, the estimated intrinsic growth rate was 1.02, and the estimated carrying capacity was 1,151,259 MT. Comparison with available results from stock assessment of independently analyzed single fisheries revealed a large difference from the estimated values, suggesting that stock assessment based on multiple fisheries should be performed.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2022

Purposes: This study aims to investigate the changes in the length of stay and medical expenses by the impact of the admission decided by patients or their family. Methodology: The analysis was conducted using data from elder patients aged 65 or older who have used admission services more than once from year 6(2012) to year 12(2017) of the Korean Medical Panel Data(KOWEPS). The statistical analysis was performed through the Chi-square test, mean difference analysis, and generalized estimation equation analysis. Findings: Compared to the patients who used admission services decided by doctors, those who used admission services decided by patients or their family had a longer length of stay and a lower daily medical expense. Practical Implications: Inappropriate admission decided by patients or their family can increase the risk of hospital-acquired infections, impairing the health of elderly patients, and has a negative impact on the efficiency of health resources. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and properly manage inappropriate admission decided by patients or their family

• 한국광학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2023

본 논문은 고보 조명 광학계의 image mask에 사전 왜곡을 적용하여, image를 선명하게 조사 및 보정하는 방법을 연구하였다. 고보 조명 광학계의 경우, 일반적으로 기울여 조사되는 경우가 많기 때문에 image에서 상·하 방향의 왜곡이 심하게 발생한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 비례식을 이용해 image의 보정 좌표를 도출하고, 이를 image mask에 적용하여 왜곡을 보정하였다. 그 결과, 기존 image mask를 사용하였을 경우에 비해 왜곡이 64.5% 감소되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

Low back disorders (LBDs) have been the most common musculoskeletal problem in Korean workplaces. It affects many workers, and is associated with high costs to many companies as well as the individual, which can negatively influence even the quality of life of workers. The _evaluation of low back disorder risk associated with manual materials handling tasks can be performed using variety of ergonomic assessment tools such as National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Revised Lifting Equation (NLE), the Washington Administrative Code 296-62-0517 (WAC), the Snook Tables etc. But most of these tools provide limited information for choosing the most appropriate assessment method for a particular job and in finding out advantage and disadvantage of the methods, and few have been assessed for their predictive ability. The focus of this study was to _evaluate spinal loads in real time with lifting and pulling heavy cow leathers in variety of postures. Data for estimating mean trunk motions were collected as employees did their work at the job site, using the Lumbar Motion Monitor. Eight employees (2 males, 6 females) were selected in this study, in which the load weight and the vertical start and destination heights of the activity remained constant throughout the task. Variance components (three dimensional spaces) of mean trunk kinematic measures were estimated in a hierarchical design. They were used to compute velocity and acceleration of multiple employees performing the same task and to repetitive movements within a task. Therefore, a results of this study could be used as a quantitative, objective measure to design the workplace so that the risk of occupationally related low back disorder should be minimized.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2010

This study investigates the relationship between daily mortality and heat stress in Seoul, using perceived temperatures (PT) derived from a heat budget model. During the summer season, observed PT intensity showed the biggest magnitude of summer heat stress from the middle 10 days of July to the first 10 days of August. The elderly (65 and above) were found to be the most vulnerable to heat stress. The threshold PT, with a significant increase in excess mortality, was $38^{\circ}C$. No time lagged effect was observed with summer heat stress, while a high correlation was observed between anomalies in PT and relative deviation of mortality. A comparison of the heat index and the discomfort index with excess mortality revealed that the discomfort index underestimated excess mortality, whereas the heat index could not appropriately explain the increase in excess mortality correlated with the increase in excess heat. In contrast, PT was found to be the weather element that best represents excess mortality due to heat stress, and is thus expected to serve as a more reliable forecast index of human biometeorology.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.657-670
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• 2015

Visibility and Automatic Weather System(AWS) data near Nakdong river were analyzed to characterize fog formation during 2012-2013. The temperature was lower than its nearby city - Daegu, whereas the humidity was higher than the city. 157 fog events were observed in total during the 2 year period. About 65% of the events occurred in fall (September, October, and November) followed by winter, summer, and spring. 94 early morning fog events of longer than 30 minutes occurred when south westerly wind speed was lower than 2 m/s. During these events, the water temperature was highest followed by soil surface and air temperatures due to the advection of cold and humid air from nearby hill. The observed fog events were categorized using a fog-type classification algorithm, which used surface cooling, wind speed threshold, rate of change of air temperature and dew point temperature. As a result, frontal fog observed 6 times, radiation 4, advection 13, and evaporation 66. The evaporation fog in the study area lasted longer than other reports. It is due to the interactions of cold air drainage flow and warm surface in addition to the evaporation from the water surface. In particular, more than 60% of the evaporation fog events were accompanied with cold air flows over the wet and warm surface. Therefore, it is needed for the identification of the inland fog mechanism to evaluate the impacts of nearby topography and land cover as well as water body.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.167-182
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• 1981

신예미광상(新禮美鑛床)의 스카른 광물(鑛物)은 1) 석류석(石榴石)-휘석(輝石)-금운모(金雲母)-규회석(硅灰石) 조합(組合)군집, 2) 석류석(石榴石)-휘석(輝石) 조합(組合), 3)석류석(石榴石)-녹렴석(綠廉石) 조합(組合)으로 구분(區分)된다. 이들 광물조합(鑛物組合)은 광석광물(鑛石鑛物)의 산출상태, 광석광물(鑛石鑛物)의 종류(種類) 그리고 광화작용(鑛化作用)의 시기(時期)와 밀접한 관계(關係)가 있다. 석류석결정(石榴石結晶)의 분석(分析)에 의하여 석류석결정(石榴石結晶)의 누대구조(累帶構造)는 결정(結晶)의 성장시(成長時)에 평형조건(平衡條件)의 변화(變化)에 기인한 화학적(化學的) 누대구조(累帶構造)(chemical compositional zoning) 이다. 그리고 광상(鑛床)의 생성환경(生成環境)과 관계화성암(關係火成岩)의 위치(位置)를 스카른광물(鑛物)의 산출상태와 스카른 광물중(鑛物中) 석류석(石榴石)의 화학성분(化學成分)의 검토에 의해 추정해 보았다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.3-17
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• 1986

Hundred mineral deposits including W-Mo, Pb-Zn-Cu, fluorite and talc occur in the Cambre-Ordovician limestone contacting with the Cretaceous Muamsa and Wolak granitoids in the Susanri-Hwanggangri mineralized zone. In most mineral deposits characterized by metasomatic replacement, skarn and hydrothermal vein types, two distinct tendencies were found as W-Mo mineralization in or/and near granitoid batholith and ($Pb-Zn-Cu(CaF_2)$) mineralization which is gradually increased toward the batholith. W-Mo veins of extensive vein system occupy northly striking fractures whilst $Pb-Zn-Cu-CaF_2$ veins strike northeast or northwest. In this work, three representative lead-zinc-copper deposits choosing the Dangdu, Useog and Eoksu mines were dealt with in detail. Skarn ore bodies in the Dangdu mine were grouped into early diopside rich clinopyoxene-garnet, barren skarn and ore bearing late hedenbergite rich clinopyroxene-garnet skarn. Temperature and $X_{CO_2}$, obtained from hedenbergite-andradite-calcite-quartz mineral equilibria in the Dangdu ore deposits were $580{\sim}650^{\circ}C$ and 0.15~0.3, respectively. Fluid inclusien evidence in the Useog mine indicates that main stage mineralization temperature ranges from 224 to $389^{\circ}C$ with a salinity of 2~17 equivalent wt. percent NaCl. Sphalerites from the Dangdu and Useog mines have 16~17.7 mole percent in FeS which is relatively consistent to those of some other lend-zinc ore deposits in South Korea. Filling tcmjCerature of fluid inclusion frem the Eoksu mine shows deposition of ore within the temperature ranges from 237 to $347^{\circ}C$ and within the salinity ranges from 2.6 to 10.77 equivalent wt. percent NaCl.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.117-130
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• 1994

Titanomagnetite ore bodies in the Yonchon iron mine are closely associated with alkali gabbroic rocks of middle Proterozoic age which intruded Precambrian metasedimentary rocks. The orebodies can be divided into massive ores in gabbroic rock, skarn ores in calcareous xenoliths and banded ores in gneissic gabbro. Gabbroic rocks from the Yonchon iron mine have unusually high content of $TiO_2$ with an average values of 3.46 wt%. Iron ores are ilmenite (42.25~51.56 wt% in $TiO_2$) and titanomagnetite (1.29~6.57 wt% in $TiO_2$) and the former is dominant Small amount of magnetite, hematite, sphene and sulfide minerals are included in the ores. Grandite garnet, titanoaugite and tschermakite are in iron skarn ores. Hornblendes from ores and gabbroic rocks have a relatively homogeneous isotopic composition with ${\delta}D$ between -110.0 and -133.9‰, and ${\delta}^{18}O$ of +4.5 to +6.5‰, and calculated to have formed in fluids with ${\delta}O_{H_2O}$ of + 6.7 to +8.7‰. and ${\delta}_{H_2O}$ of -87.9 to -111.8‰, which has a similar isotopic value of primary magmatic water. Based on intrusive age, occurrence, mineral chemistry and isotopic compositions of magnetite ores and gabroic rocks, it will be concluded that the gabbroic rocks are responsible for the titanomagnetite mineralization. The titaniferous magnetite melt was immiscibly separated from the high titaniferous gabbroic melts of Proterozoic age.