• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.254-265
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• 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the vascular flora of two outstanding forest wetlands(OFW) in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, and to prepare an efficient management plan for forest wetlands through comparison with previous studies. Fieldwork was conducted seasonally from May to October 2023, The flora in the two OFW located in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, consisted of 117 taxa such as 55 families, 92 genera, 108 species, 7 variants, 1 variety and 1 hybrid. The endemic plants were 4 taxa and rare plants were 7 taxa. Floristic target plants were V class 2 taxa, IV class 6 taxa, III class 8 taxa, II class 4 taxa and Iclass 21 taxa. Climate change adaptation plants were 10 taxa and naturalized plants was 1 taxa. Obligate wetland plants were 16 taxa, Facultative wetland plants 10 taxa and Facultative plant 4 taxa. OFW functioning a typical wetland ecosystem in Goheung-gun had been providing habitats for a variety of rare plants, such as the Habenaria radiata and Drosera rotundifolia. But those ecosystems would be suffering a critical disturbance such as human interference, the invasion of naturalized plants, and change of wetland function through landization for a short future. Therefore we suggest those OFWs should be designated as a Forest Genetic Resource Reserve in order to keep the ecosystems permanently and to manage them more soundly and efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.15-26
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• 2024

This study developed items to evaluate the Net Zero contribution of urban parks, which were suggested as additional carbon sinks for achieving the 2050 Net Zero goal, and the results of the study are as follows. First, the evaluation items that were introduced were 46 items in 9 fields selected by investigating and analyzing previous studies and related systems. Second, FGI and Delphi analyses were conducted to verify the appropriateness of the derived items, and 22 evaluation items in 10 fields were ultimately derived. Third, the results of AHP analysis to set the importance of the evaluation items showed that the planting technique was the highest among the 10 fields. In terms of the importance of each item, the green space system connection item was analyzed as the highest in the relative decision method, and the planting item of tree species with high carbon absorption was analyzed as the highest in the absolute decision method. This study differs from previous studies in that it presents items that can evaluate the Net Zero contribution of urban parks, and additionally conducts an importance analysis of each item so that it can be used to determine priorities for improving the contribution to Net Zero. In addition, the results of a comparative analysis of the relative and absolute decision methods when utilizing the AHP technique were intended to be used as a basic study for related follow-up studies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.59-66
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• 2020

Recently, cultivation and management technologies have been needed to adapt due to climate change, which is causing abnormal weather conditions. One technique is to increase the utilization of evergreen broad-leaved species with high ornamental value. A total of five treatments were installed (1m×22.5m), including 60g/㎡ and 80g/㎡ using two types mulching material with an overlapping and hole-drilling mulching method and these were compared to un-mulching treatment a total of planted 92㎡ attheWol-aTestSiteForestattheForestforBiomaterialsResearchCenterinJinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-dofor 10monthsusing3-years-oldQuercusglaucaThunb. In comparison with the control site, the 60g/㎡ overlapping method was about 1.9 times higher than the root collar diameter, but there was no statistical significance between the treatments. Healthy seedlings were found to meet these conditions due to high biomass values and below and T/R ratios of 3.0 or lower and H/D ratios of 7.0 or lower. Comparing the values of LWR, SWR, and RWR, which can be evaluated for seedling due to the mulching treatments, as compared to the control, the growth of the ground areas including leaves and stems was enhanced, but the growth of the underground areas containing roots tended to have high control values. Based on this, the SQI value, which can be evaluated for the comprehensive quality of seedlings, was found to be significantly different between the control site and the mulching treatment sites, confirming that the growth and growth improvement effects were achieved with mulching treatments. The chlorophyll content analysis showed that there was a significant difference from the control site, and it was judged that weed generation in the control acted as an environmental stress, causing a decrease in chlorophyll content. It was found that the overlapping 80g/㎡ of polypropylene mulching material generated about 4 times fewer weeds than the control, and the manpower required for the mulching test field and weeding were equal at 3.3 people/100㎡/1 day. Mulching treatments have demonstrated a significant difference in the promotion of growth and quality of the seedlings and are judged as an alternative that can reduce the economic burden incurred by the purchase of the supplies and the manpower required to weed forestry plantations.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.241-263
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• 2016

This study was carried out to survey the vascular plants on Mt. Seokbyeongsan (1,055 m) and provide a basis for the conservation and management of plant resources. The vascular plants were surveyed from March to October 2015. The flora on Mt. Seokbyeongsan was classified as follows: 102 families, 295 genera, 454 species, 4 subspecies, 51 varieties, 7 forms, and a total of 516 taxa. Endemic plants included 17 families, 24 genera, 25 species, 1 variety, and a total of 26 taxa. The Korea Forest Service assignment of rare plants, including 21 families, 33 genera, 33 species, 3 varieties, and a total of 36 taxa, was investigated. Moreover, the Ministry of Environment assignment of rare plants, including 13 families, 17 genera, 17 species, 1 variety, and a total of 18 taxa, was investigated. Floristic special plants in the surveyed area were divided into five classes (Classes I-V): 42 taxa of Class I, 26 taxa of Class II, 35 taxa of Class III, 20 taxa of Class IV, and 9 taxa of Class V for a total of 132 taxa. Naturalized plants were 18 taxa, and plants threatened by climate change were 48 taxa.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

Recently, Korea has been affected by extreme weather events including extended summers and increased temperatures caused by global warming and climate change. Environmental temperature is especially important to the livestock industry because it is closely related to livestock productivity. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of different environmental temperatures on respiration rate, rectal temperature and body-surface temperature in finishing pigs. Pigs ($98.3{\pm}6.6kg$) were housed in individual cages inside an experimental chamber and exposed continuously to one of five environmental treatments ($22^{\circ}C$, $24^{\circ}C$, $26^{\circ}C$, $28^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$) for 10 days without providing additional rest time. Feed and water intake, respiration rate, rectal temperature and body-surface (head, ear, neck, back, side) temperature were measured two times daily during the experimental period. A significant increase in respiration rate from $26^{\circ}C$ and in body-surface temperature from $24^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05) was observed. At $30^{\circ}C$, the respiration rate had almost doubled and the body-surface temperature increased by about $5^{\circ}C-7^{\circ}C$. Moreover, ear skin temperature was very sensitive to environmental temperature. However, feed intake, water intake and rectal temperature did not change significantly during the experiment.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_1
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• pp.1421-1434
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• 2020

The frequency and intensity of heatwaves have been increasing due to climate change. Since urban areas are more severely damaged by heatwaves as they act in combination with the urban heat island phenomenon, every possible preparation for such heat threats is required. Many overseas local governments build heat maps using a variety of spatial information to prepare for and counteract heatwaves, and prepare heatwave measures suitable for each region with different spatial characteristics within a relevant city. Building a heat map is a first and important step to prepare for heatwaves. The cases of heat map construction and thermal environment analysis involve various area distributions from urban units with a large area to local units with a small area. The method of constructing a heat map varies from a method utilizing remote sensing to a method using simulation, but there is no standard for using differentiated spatial information according to spatial scale, so each researcher constructs a heat map and analyzes the thermal environment based on different methods. For the above reason, spatial information standards required for building a heat map according to the analysis scale should be established. To this end, this study examined spatial information, analysis methodology, and final findings related to Korean and oversea analysis studies of heatwaves and urban thermal environments to suggest ways to improve the utilization efficiency of spatial information used to build urban heat maps. As a result of the analysis, it was found that spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions, as basic resolutions, are necessary to construct a heat map using remote sensing in the use of spatial information. In the use of simulations, it was found that the type of weather data and spatial resolution, which are input condition information for simulation implementation, differ according to the size of analysis target areas. Therefore, when constructing a heat map using remote sensing, spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution should be considered; and in the case of using simulations, the spatial resolution, which is an input condition for simulation implementation, and the conditions of weather information to be inputted, should be considered in advance. As a result of understanding the types of monitoring elements for heatwave analysis, 19 types of elements were identified such as land cover, urban spatial characteristics, buildings, topography, vegetation, and shadows, and it was found that there are differences in the types of the elements by spatial scale. This study is expected to help give direction to relevant studies in terms of the use of spatial information suitable for the size of target areas, and setting monitoring elements, when analyzing heatwaves.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.578-587
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• 2022

Korea, as the world's 7^th largest emitter of greenhouse gases, has raised the national greenhouse gas reduction target as international regulations have been strengthened. As it is possible to utilize coastal and marine ecosystems as important nature-based solutions (NbS) for implementing climate change mitigation or adaptation plans, the blue carbon ecosystem is now receiving attention. Blue carbon refers to carbon that is deposited and stored for a long period after carbon dioxide (CO₂) is absorbed as biomass by coastal ecosystems or oceanic ecosystems through photosynthesis. Currently, there are only three blue carbon ecosystems officially recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrasses. However, the results of new research on the high CO₂ sequestration and storage capacity of various new blue carbon sinks, such as seaweeds, microalgae, coral reefs, and non-vegetated tidal flats, have been continuously reported to the academic community recently. The possibility of IPCC international accreditation is gradually increasing through scientific verification related to calculations. In this review, the current status and potential value of seaweeds, seagrass fields, and non-vegetated tidal flats, which are sources of blue carbon on the east coast, are discussed. This paper confirms that seaweed resources are the most effective NbS in the East Sea of Korea. In addition, we would like to suggest the direction of research and development (R&D) and utilization so that new blue carbon sinks can obtain international IPCC certification in the near future.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.145-154
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• 2022

Due to abnormal weather conditions caused by climate change, natural disasters and damages are gradually increasing around the world. Global climate change as accompanied by warming is projected to exert adverse impact on production of potato, which is known as cool season crop. Even though, role of potato as a food security crop is expected to increase in the future, the climate change impacts on potato and adaption strategies are not sufficiently established. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the damage pattern of potatoes due to high temperature treatment and to evaluate the response of cultivars. T he high temperature treatment (35~38℃) induced heat stress by sealing the plastic house in midsummer (July), and the quantity and quality characteristics of potatoes were compared with the control group. T otal yield, marketable yield (>80 g) and the number of tubers per plants decreased when heat treatment was performed, and statistical significance was evident. In the heat treatment, 'Jayoung' cultivar suffered a high heat damage with an 84% reduction in yield of >80 g compared to the control group. However, in Jopung cultivar, the decrease was relatively small at 26%. Tuber physiological disturbances (Secondary growth, Tuber cracking, Malformation) tended to increase in the heat stress. Under heat conditions, the tubers were elongated overall, which means that the marketability of potatoes was lowered. T he tuber firmness and dry matter content tended to decrease significantly in the heat-treated group. T herefore, the yield and quality of tubers were damaged when growing potatoes in heat conditions. T he cultivar with high heat adaptability was 'Jopung'. T his result can be used as basic data for potato growers and breeding of heat-resistant cultivars.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 2021

Pacific island countries, including Kiribati, are suffering from a shortage of essential resources as well as a reduction in their living space due to sea level rise and coastal erosion from climate change, groundwater pollution and vegetation changes. Global activities to solve these problems are being progressed by the UN's efforts to implement SDGs. Pacific island countries can adapt to climate change by using abundant marine resources. In other words, seawater plants can assist in achieving SDGs #2, #6 and #7 based on SDGs #14 in these Pacific island countries. Under the auspice of Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering (KRISO) established the Sustainable Seawater Utilization Academy (SSUA) in 2016, and its 30 graduates formed the SSUA Kiribati Association in 2017. The Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) of the Republic of Korea awarded ODA fund to the Association. By taking advantage of seawater resource and related plants, it was able to provide drinking water and vegetables to the local community from 2018 to 2020. Among the various fields of education and practice provided by SSUA, the Association hope to realize hydroponic cultivation and seawater desalination as a self-support project through a pilot project. To this end, more than 140 households are benefiting from 3-stage hydroponics, and a seawater desalination system in connection with solar power generation was installed for operation. The Association grows and supplies vegetable seedlings from the provided seedling cultivation equipment, and is preparing to convert to self-support business from next year. The satisfaction survey shows that Tarawa residents have a high degree of satisfaction with the technical support and its benefits. In the future, it is hoped that SSUA and regional associations will be distributed to neighboring island countries to support their SDGs implementations.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.330-336
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• 2022

It is likely that the heading would occur early when air temperature increases. In 2022, however, the heading date was delayed unusually, e.g., by 3 to 5 days although temperature during the vegetative growth stage was higher than normal years. The objective of this study was to identify the cause of such event analyzing weather variables including average temperature, sunshine hours, and day-length for each growth stage. The observation data were collected for medium-late maturing varieties, which has been grown at crop yield experiment sites including Daegu, Andong, and Yesan. The difference in heading date was compared between growing seasons in 2021 and 2022 because crop management options, e.g., the cultivars and cultivation methods, were identical at those sites during the study period. It appeared that the heading date was delayed due to the difference in temperature responsiveness under a given day-length condition The effect of the temperature increase on the heading date differed between the periods during which when the day-length was more than 14.3 hours before and after the summer-solstice.. The effect of the temperature decrease during the period from which the day-length decreased to less than 14.3 hours to the heading date was relatively greater. This merits further studies to examine the response of rice to the temperature change under different day-length and sunshine duration in terms of heading.