• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.306-314
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• 2007

This paper is to develop a model for evaluation of highway alignment design considering the driver's behavior in order to enhance the highway safety. Under the conditions, this research included a new evaluation criteria development and an analysis on how to change evaluation criteria according to roadway alignments, to evaluate safety. The vehicle spacing and speed deviation are suggested as new evaluation index The evaluation criteria model can be used to compare the anticipated safety performance of two or more geometric alternatives for a proposed highway improvement.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 2012

Entry and exits of the rest area are sections where designed speed can be rapidly change and also a weak traffic safety section. In addition, two tasks can be performed simultaneously at entry of the rest area, particularly searching for deceleration and parking spaces/parking sides etc. Thus, design criteria is required in order to procure the stability of accessed vehicle. In case of Korea, geometric structure design criteria of entry facilities, such as toll-gate, interchange, junction etc was established. However there are no presence in a detailed standards for geometric structure of the rest area which affiliated road facilities. In this study, Derive problems in regards to the entry of geometric structure of resting areas by utilizing a sight survey and an investigation research of traffic accidents. The survey was targeting 135 general service areas. After Classifying the design section of resting areas' entry as well as derive design elements on each section, a speed measurement by targeting entry of rest areas and car behavior surveys were performed, then each element's minimum standard was derived through the analyses. According to the speeds at the starting/end point of entrance connector road, the minimum length of the entrance connector road is decided as 40m using Slowing-down length formula and based on the driving pattern, the range of the junction setting angle of the entrance connector road is defined as $12^{\circ}{\sim}17^{\circ}$. Suggest improvement plans for existing rest areas that can be applied realistically. This should be corresponded to the standards of entry and exit of developed rest areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5716-5720
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• 2015

This study has analyzed the backwater effect by the bridge pier on the basis of the result on hydraulic characteristics with pier shapes in study(I), using a two-dimensional model(RMA-2) and an one-dimensional model(HEC-RAS). The pier shapes are classified into total six types such as square, rhombus, octagon, oval, round, and no-piers. The result of the backwater effect analysis showed that the backwater length is about 150 and 50m from HEC-RAS and RMA-2, respectively for all pier types. Although it is difficult to directly compare between results from the two models, the oval shape pier has shown similar results to the no-pier situation before the bridge construction in hydraulic characteristics. This analysis can help to select pier types in the new bridge construction for the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.94-101
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• 2002

국립공원의 뛰어난 경승지와 생태적으로 보존가치가 높은 지역은 다음 세대에게 물려줄 국가의 귀중한 자원으로서 잘 보존되고 관리되어야 하나 한국의 국립공원에서는 공원의 자연환경을 해치는 개발행위가 이뤄졌거나 제안되고 있다. 이러한 개발행위를 효과적으로 평가하기 위해서는 관련 환경자원의 활용이 필요하고 특히 토지이용변화의 파악이 요구되나 한국의 국립공원은 적절한 토지이용도가 결여되어 있다. 그러므로, 본 연구의 목표는 토지이용변화도를 제작하여 향후 국립공원에서 제안되는 개발행위가 해당국립공원의 토지이용변화에 미친 영향을 파악함으로써 국립공원의 환경 및 경관 관리에 기여하는 데에 있다. 본 연구는 계룡산국립공원을 대상으로 1988년도부터 1998년까지의 토지이용변화를 파악하기 위해 원격탐사 자료를 이용하여 2개년도의 Landsat TM 영상을 기하보정하여 토지피복분류를 추출하였다. 이를 바탕으로 항공사진과 현지조사를 통해 확인하여 작성한 토지이용현황도와 토지이용변화도를 GIS에 입력하였으며 GIS의 분석기능을 이용하여 10년간의 토지이용변화에 대해 파악하였다. 토지이용변화 파악 결과, 농지와 나대지가 계룡산국림공원 전체에서 43.7ha, 102.2ha 각각 감소하였고 산림과 개발지는 121.Oha, 24.8ha. 각각 증가하였다. 산림의 증가는 1988년 영상분류당시 산림의 가장자리 유령림이 농경지로 분류되었던 것이 10년 뒤 영상에서는 산림으로 분류된 결과로 파악되며 개발지의 증가는 계룡산국립공원 동학사 제2집단시설지구의 개발로 기존 농경지가 감소, 전용되었고 나대지는 개발로 인해 감소되었다. 개발지의 증가는 취락지구와 집단시설지구에서 두드러졌으며 이들 두 지구에서 산림, 농경지, 나대지 모두 감소하고 대신 개발지가 증가하였다. 본 연구를 수행한 결과 계룡산 국립공원의 가장 큰 토지이용변화는 건물 신축이었으며 이는 집단시설지구의 신설에 기인하고 있다. 취락지구도 개발 행위가 증가하고 있어 집단시설지구와 취락지구의 이용후 평가가 이뤄져야 한다고 생각한다. 본 연구에서 작성한 토지이용변화도는 향후 국립공원의 경관 변화를 파악하는 데에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2003

There are no specific criteria deciding what type of crosswalk installs although 4 typed crosswalks at signalized intersections classify according to number of stop line, spacing from the border of intersections and existence of traffic islands or not. Accidents involving pedestrians at signalized intersections are classified by type of crosswalks by traffic volume, pedestrian volume at crosswalk, intersection geometry and phase in view of pedestrians' safety at 50 intersections in Gwangju. The Multiple regression models are applied to express the pedestrian accident rate. In addition, process deciding what type of crosswalk installs which includes accident rate involved pedestrian is changed into number of accident is represented to reduce number of accidents. This paper presents what type of crosswalk installs in order to reduce pedestrian involved accidents at new or existing crosswalk.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.583-595
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• 2014

Currently, Korean transportation policies are aiming for increase of safety and environment-friendly and efficient operation, by avoiding construction and expansion of roads, and upgrading road alignments and facilities. This is revealed by that there have been 22 road expansion projects (30%) and 50 road improvement projects (70%) under the 3rd Five-Year Plan for National Highways ('11~'15), while there were 53 road expansion projects (71%) and 22 road improvement projects (29%) under the 2nd Five-Year Plan for National Highways. For more effective road improvement projects, there is a need of choosing projects after an objective and scientific safety assessment of each road, and assessing safety improvement depending on projects. This study is intended to develop a model for this road safety analysis and assessment. The major objective of this study is creating a road safety analysis and assessment model appropriate for Korean society, based on the HSM (Highway Safety Manual) of the U.S. In order to build up data for model development, the sections thought to have identical geometrical structure factors in 5 lines, Cheonbuk province, were divided as homogeneous sections, and representative values of geometric structures, facilities, traffic volume, climate conditions and land usage were collected from the 1,452 sections divided. In order to build up data for model development, the sections thought to have identical geometrical structure factors in 5 lines, Cheonbuk province, were divided as homogeneous sections, and representative values of geometric structures, facilities, traffic volume, climate conditions and land usage were collected from the 1,452 sections divided. The collected data was processed correlation analysis of each road element was implemented to see which factor had a big effect on traffic accidents. On the basis of these results, then, an accident model was established as a negative binomial regression model.Using the developed model, an Crash Modification Factor (CMF) which determines accident frequency changes depending on safety performance function (SPF) predicting the number of accident occurrence through traffic volume and road section expansion, road geometric structure and traffic properties, was extracted.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.18
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• pp.169-190
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• 2009

Today, the rapid advance of scientific technologies has brought about fundamental changes to the types and levels of terrorism while the war against the world more than one thousand small and big terrorists and crime organizations has already begun. A method highly likely to be employed by terrorist groups that are using 21st Century state of the art technology is cyber terrorism. In many instances, things that you could only imagine in reality could be made possible in the cyber space. An easy example would be to randomly alter a letter in the blood type of a terrorism subject in the health care data system, which could inflict harm to subjects and impact the overturning of the opponent's system or regime. The CIH Virus Crisis which occurred on April 26, 1999 had significant implications in various aspects. A virus program made of just a few lines by Taiwanese college students without any specific objective ended up spreading widely throughout the Internet, causing damage to 30,000 PCs in Korea and over 2 billion won in monetary damages in repairs and data recovery. Despite of such risks of cyber terrorism, a great number of Korean sites are employing loose security measures. In fact, there are many cases where a company with millions of subscribers has very slackened security systems. A nationwide preparation for cyber terrorism is called for. In this context, this research will analyze the current status of Korea's cyber security systems and its laws from a policy perspective, and move on to propose improvement strategies. This research suggests the following solutions. First, the National Cyber Security Management Act should be passed to have its effectiveness as the national cyber security management regulation. With the Act's establishment, a more efficient and proactive response to cyber security management will be made possible within a nationwide cyber security framework, and define its relationship with other related laws. The newly passed National Cyber Security Management Act will eliminate inefficiencies that are caused by functional redundancies dispersed across individual sectors in current legislation. Second, to ensure efficient nationwide cyber security management, national cyber security standards and models should be proposed; while at the same time a national cyber security management organizational structure should be established to implement national cyber security policies at each government-agencies and social-components. The National Cyber Security Center must serve as the comprehensive collection, analysis and processing point for national cyber crisis related information, oversee each government agency, and build collaborative relations with the private sector. Also, national and comprehensive response system in which both the private and public sectors participate should be set up, for advance detection and prevention of cyber crisis risks and for a consolidated and timely response using national resources in times of crisis.