• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.161-181
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• 2015

This article tries to identify the regulating mechanism of the welfare states on the private spheres of individuals and families. When the welfare state is to be understood as an institutional arrangement which is based upon the 'modernity', the reflectivity on the welfare state is about to be on the modernity and on the institutions as well. Authors assume the welfare state as an historical and developmental type of modern states. The critical components of modernity embedded in birth and growth of modern welfare states projected to their institutions are identified. Welfare states dissociates the political dynamics which have built the foundation of the welfare state itself, and faces against the new political dynamics of the individualized society. Finally, welfare state confronts the institution failure due to its intrinsic characteristics, and consequently individuals and families come across the institution dependency. Individuals in the overly rationalized spheres are being depoliticized, and they are identified themselves as the subjects of status-struggles of the institutions other than the subjects of the political dynamics of welfare states.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.253-280
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• 2015

This study reconsiders the concept of publicness by raising a question about the problems which the recent marketization of social services in South Korea. The existing perspective on publicness, however, is insufficient to account for the entire Long-term care market because only public organizations have publicness. Accordingly, this study presents 'integrated publicness', particularly 'dimensional publicness' and 'normative publicness'. A disproportional stratified sampling procedure was used to consider ownership. A merged dataset combining surveys from 248 Long-term Care facilities and on-line resources was used and analyzed by multiple regression, negative binomial regression and multiple imputation analysis. The analysis results suggest as follows. First, ownership publicness appeared more effective in the overall. Second, the regulations on the government funding did not show effective, and the regulation on evaluation system showed the effect. Third, professionalization of normative publicness showed a negative effect on service structure and showed a positive effect on service process. Lastly, user of free services whose public accountability was identified to be effective on service structure and outcome. These findings suggest that not only existing ownership but also dimensional publicness and normative publicness showed an effect on service quality. In this respect, this is important as the performance produced by empirical models of integrated publicness, in this situation that the outcome of marketization is insignificant.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.76-83
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to define the underserved emergency medical services (EMS) areas in Daejeon metropolitan city, as well as to identify their distinctive characteristics in public health perspectives. Methods: An underserved EMS area was operationally defined as an area in which it is difficult to arrive at an emergency medical center within 30 minutes. Using a cost-weighted distance algorithm with a geographic information system (GIS), the underserved EMS area was calculated. The characteristics of the underserved areas were analyzed by the Chi-square test. The SPSS statistical software package was used to perform the statistical analysis. All statistical tests were two-sided, and a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Twelve administrative sectors ('Dong' in Korean) were included in the underserved areas, accounting for a population of approximately 8,100 citizens. The relationships between underserved EMS area and populations of agriculture, fishery, and forestry; citizens who are recipients of national basic livelihood security program; disabled; or aged 65 or older were statistically significant. Conclusion: It was found that 12 administrative sectors were included in the underserved EMS areas. Revealing underserved EMS areas using GIS analysis based on a cost-weighted distance algorithm of road data was an effective analytic method. However, as this study was confined to Daejeon City, South Korea, a nation-wide study should be performed to provide a more accurate conclusion.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to propose effective measures for shortage of manpower of dental technology laboratory in Gangwon province by means of examining not only the history of Gangwon association, present condition of transference of members of Gangwon association from 1990, of missing members and annual rate of participation in repair education with setting object of study into Gangwon association under the influence of the Korean Dental Technology Association but also the present condition of opening and closing laboratory, amount of business connection and condition of shortage of manpower and its field with setting object of study into 28 dental technology laboratories. Results from this study are like followings : First, Gagnwon association was established in 1984 as the eleventh in the line of the board, reorganization of board is conducted 8 times up to the eighth in the line of the board in 2001. board is composed of 16 persons including president and operated its term as 3 years. Second, a number of representative and ordinary member of Gangwon association has increased gradually from 1992 to 2001. in aspect of annual rate of participation in repair education, representative's is more higher than ordinary member's overall. the worst rate of whole members' is shown as 47.9% and the its best rate is shown as 92.0%. in addition, 70$\sim$80% rate of participation into repair education is shown most frequently as 8 times of whole 20 times from 1992 to 2001. Third, 29 authorized dental technology laboratories have registered in Gangwon association until march 2002 within 9 cities and counties. in consideration of establishment location. Gangneung city has most amount as 7 laboratories(24.1%), Wonju city has 5(17.2%), Samcheok city and Sokcho city, each has 4(13.8%), Chuncheon city has 3(10.3%), Donghae city and Taeback city, each has 2(6.9%) and Yangyang and Yongwol county, each has 1(3.4%). Fourth, amount of work personnel of laboratory in Gangwon province is 1$\sim$10 persons as the maximum value. 23 laboratories(82.1%) have their own work personnel as amount of 5 and below. in aspect of main business, most of laboratories focus on the Porcelain and Crown. and 16 laboratories(57.1%) have their own expensive equipments such as Milling. its also suggests that 16 laboratories(57.1%) suffer their shortage of working personnel. specifically, 6 laboratories(21.4%) suffer the highest shortage especially in Denture field, Fifth, whole number of Gangwon association is up to 101 members (28 representatives and 73 ordinary members) until December 31th 2001. amount of immune from repair education of Gangwon association until October 2001 is up to 10 persons, and missing members from 1997 is up to 18 persons, suspension of business is up to 4 persons. in aspect of transference from 1990, transfer-in is up to 21 persons and transfer out is up to 16 persons.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.833-848
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• 2014

The assessment of the current and future climate change-induced potential wind energy is an important issue in the planning and operations of wind farm. Here, the authors analyze spatiotemporal characteristics and variabilities of wind energy over Korean Peninsula in the near future (2006-2040) using Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP) scenarios data. In this study, National Institute of Meteorological Research (NIMR) regional climate model HadGEM3-RA based RCP 2.6 and 8.5 scenarios are analyzed. The comparison between ERA-interim and HadGEM3-RA during the period of 1981-2005 indicates that the historical simulation of HadGEM3-RA slightly overestimates (underestimates) the wind energy over the land (ocean). It also shows that interannual and intraseasonal variability of hindcast data is generally larger than those of reanalysis data. The investigation of RCP scenarios based future wind energy presents that future wind energy density will increase over the land and decrease over the ocean. The increase in the wind energy and its variability is particularly significant over the mountains and coastal areas, such as Jeju island in future global warming. More detailed analysis presents that the changes in synoptic conditions over East Asia in future decades can influence on the predicted wind energy abovementioned. It is also suggested that the uncertainty of the predicted future wind energy may increase because of the increase of interannual and intra-annual variability. In conclusion, our results can be used as a background data for devising a plan to develop and operate wind farm over the Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.406-414
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• 2020

The Farm-Closure Assistance (FCA) program is operated to compensate for lost farm income, to stabilize the management of low-competitive farms, and to enhance competitiveness of target items. The FCA, however, has several problems, such as the balloon effect and fraudulent receipts. Therefore, it is important to examine the operational problems of the FCA, establish improvement plans, and settle the measures. The objectives of this study are to analyze problems and suggest solutions for FCA, reflecting the viewpoints of local government officials who are in charge of actual tasks on the FCA front lines. The study analyzes whether characteristics of government officials lead to differences in setting the maximum amounts and extensions to FCA. Factors influencing the necessity of setting ceilings on FCA were work experience, recognition of agriculture's importance, and the FTA's impact on domestic agriculture, gender, and regions. Factors affecting the extension of FCA were the agency unit, work experience on the FTA, recognition of the effects of FTA direct payments and FCA, and recognition of the subsidy's direction. The results can be employed as a fundamental background that can set the direction for institutional improvement when the government tries to improve FCA.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.306-313
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• 2019

This study endeavors to provide basic data for healthcare policy development by identifying factors that influence the unmet healthcare needs of the elderly with chronic diseases. The study utilized data from the 2017 Korean National Survey on the Elderly, and analyzed 9,117 elders afflicted with more than 1 chronic disease. We determined that 851 (9.3%) elders experienced unmet healthcare needs from hospital & clinical treatment, and 1,469 (16.1%) elders experienced unmet dental treatment. 'Economic difficulty' was the most common reason expressed by 425 (49.9%) elders for unmet healthcare needs from hospital and clinical treatment, and by 1,066 (72.6%) elders for dental treatment. Furthermore, unmet healthcare needs in hospital and clinical treatment were affected by various factors, including spouse, education, self-rated health status and exercise, whereas unmet healthcare needs in dental treatment were affected by factors such as spouse, education, medical aids, self-rated health status, smoking, and exercise. Based on the research results achieved, we propose a necessity to establish healthcare policies that consider the influencing factors, and help resolve the unmet healthcare needs of the elderly with chronic diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.12
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• pp.1310-1314
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• 2008

Purpose : This study aimed to assess the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in children from low-income families in Gunpo and to evaluate whether economic status affects the prevalence of obesity. Methods : Between October 2007 and March 2008, 341 children (167 girls and 174 boys; age, 6 to 13 years) were enrolled in this study. All these children came from families who earned minimum wages and who were supported by government. We measured height, weight, and blood pressure and performed laboratory examinations, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using weight and height. We compared the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in children from low-income families with the prevalence of these maladies found in other studies. Results : Prevalence of obesity ($BMI{\geq}95^{th}$) was 7.1%. Prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia was 8.2% and 16.7%, respectively. In the obese group, prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia was 25.0% and 45.8%, respectively. Obesity and hyperlipidemia were slightly more frequent in our study than those found in other reports, and the prevalence of hypertension in the obese group was very high compared with statistics from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (25% vs. 19.5%) and those from other reports. Conclusion : Low-income status was associated with an increased incidence of obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Hypertension showed an especially strong association with economic status, which seemed to correlate with genetic, environmental, and dietary effects.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.158-167
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that encouraged the industrial growth of Koran city gas industry during 1995-2009, by carrying out input-output structural decomposition analysis(IO-SDA) using Syrquin's model. The results show that the main factors which contributed to the growth of the Korean city gas industry are final domestic demand(48.4%) and technological change(38.6%). By examining the results for the three periods of 1995-2000, 2000-2005, and 2005-2009, the tendency of changes between the two main factors is drawn. In contrast to the drastic decreasing tendency of the final domestic demand's contribution to the growth, 84.5%, 18.9%, and 15.4%, respectively for each period, there is an increasing tendency for technological change as seen by the results of 7.4%, 70.0%, and 42.2%, respectively. These findings may be a result from the fact that the rate of gas supply in the residential sector has been saturated recently. They are also reflective of the energy consumption trend of industrial activities as there has been a shift in the approach for supplying energy, from the traditional approach which use fossil fuels to the newer approach which uses environmentally friendly energy sources. For the continued growth of the city gas industry, policymakers sould consider greater investment in the expansion of city gas supply infrastructure for industrial activities rather than for the residential sector.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2004

In order to assess policies for training of radiological technologists and public health, this study was conducted from the mid July to the end of August 2003 to the subjects of 890 radiological technologists who work at 44 general hospitals in 16 cities and provinces of the country. For this purpose, an analysis of variance was performed by regions divided in Capital city, metropolitan areas and small- and medium-sized cities as well as by length of service. The outcomes look as follows : 1. From the analysis of replies to questions about the government health policy for radiological technologists, high scores were given to the items: "the Law of Medical Engineers should be revised from the pattern of supervision to assignment" and "the medical institutions should be legally obliged to secure certain number of radiological technologists". 2. From the analysis of variance by regions and groups, there was difference by regions in the items: "demand and supply of radiological technologists should be controlled" and "the license number of radiological technologists should be indicated in the medical insurance bill"(p<0.000). 3. From the analysis of variance as to training of radiological technologists, a significant difference was found by length of service in the items: "it is necessary to open a 4-year department of radiology and to revise curriculum" and "the legal system to indicate license number of radiological technologists in the medical insurance bill should be introduced". 4. The analysis of variance by length of service revealed that those who have served for more than 20 years favored "it is necessary to open a 4-year department of radiology and to revise curriculum" higher than those who have served for less than 5 years, showing a tendency the longer they work, the stronger they feel necessity".