• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2007

Investigation of atmospheric data and rearing results was conducted to analyze the effects of atmospheric factors such as temperature and precipitation on silkworm in 8 rearing places in which local adaptation test was being conducted with different mulberry growth condition, soil and atmosphere during spring and autumn rearing season of 2006. The atmospheric characteristics of spring rearing time are as follows. The average temperatures of young silkworm, old silkworm, mounting were $17.7^{\circ}C$, $19.8^{\circ}C$, $21.5^{\circ}C$ respectively, and $1^{\circ}C$ higher than normal year. The precipitation of young silkworm, old silkworm, mounting were 15.1 mm, 6.9 mm, 7.0 mm, respectively, and 22.9 mm lower than normal year in old silkworm and mounting. The daylight hours in larval stage was 1.7 hour shorter than normal year, but no difference in mounting. Thus precipitation was lower and temperature was higher than normal year in 2006. The rearing results of 2006 were 1 kg lower than normal year in cocoon yields per 10,000 3 rd molted larvae, single cocoon weight and cocoon shell percentage were a little higher. The atmospheric characteristics of spring rearing season are as follows. The average temperatures of young silkworm, old silkworm, mounting were $25.1^{\circ}C$, $20.5^{\circ}C$ and $19.9^{\circ}C$ respectively, temperature in young silkworm was $1^{\circ}C$ higher than normal year, and temperature in old silkworm was $1.3^{\circ}C$ lower than normal year. The precipitation of young silkworm, old silkworm, mounting were 110.2 mm, 4.6 mm, 3.7 mm, respectively and there were little differences compared to normal year. The atmospheric condition of 2006 which was similar to normal year did not affect the autumn rearing results of 2006. Namely, the single cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight were not different from normal year, and the same was cocoon shell percentage.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.190-200
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• 2021

The heading response of rice varieties, originated from South Korea, North Korea, and northern China, was examined under the temperature and day-length conditions of 10 low-temperature regions in North Korea. When 30-day-old broadcast tray-raised seedlings (BS) were used, only one or a few varieties reached the heading stage within the safe marginal heading date (SMHD) under the Hamhung, Pyonggang, Huichon, and Kanggye conditions. In the Yangdok and Sinpo environments, no varieties reached heading until SMHD. The South Korean varieties that reached the heading stage between SMHD and late marginal heading date (LMHD) were Jinbuol, Baegilmi, Joun, Jopum, Jinok, Jopyeong, Sanhomi, and Odae for the Hamhung, Pyonggang, Huichon, and Kanggye; Joun for Sinpo; and none for Yangdok, Kimchaek, Sonbong, and Chunggang environments. The number of days to heading (DTH) was positively correlated among all 10 regions. Reduced DTH in the 30-day-old pot tray-raised seedlings (PS), compared to BS, was not consistent with varieties and regions. Reduced DTH in PS, compared to BS, was the largest in Jinok and Sonbong9 among the South and North Korean varieties, respectively, whereas it was small in the northern Chinese varieties. The South Korean varieties that headed until SMHD in PS were Jinok for the Hamhung, Pyonggang, Yangdok, Sinpo, and Kanggye environments; and Jinbuol, Jopum, and Jinok for the Huichon condition. In the Kimchaek and Chunggang conditions, Jinok reached the heading stage within LMHD. With the use of PS for some responsive varieties such as Jinok, varietal adaptability could be improved to the conditions of low-temperature regions in North Korea. None of the PS or BS among the tested varieties reached the heading stage until LMHD for the Chongjin and Sonbong conditions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.481-486
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• 1990

A survey was carried out on the cold-induced sterility of paddy rice in 1988 in the alpine area of Kangweon province when cold spell occurred during late July to early August, During this period minimum temperature as low as 8.5$^{\circ}C$ and 5.7$^{\circ}C$ was recorded at Dunnae and Jinbu, respectively. The rice cultivars, which encountered this cold spe]J at meiotic stage of microspore, were damaged by sterility in most alpine areas of higher than 300m in altitude. To secure spilkelet fertility higher than 80% it was estimated that the minimum and average air temperature accumulated during 13 days of meiotic stage should be higher than 2$25^{\circ}C$ and 285$^{\circ}C$, respectively and/or the duration of lower than 17$^{\circ}C$ in minimum temperature should not exceed fivedays during that period.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.206-214
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• 2001

Cooling rate shows the highest as about 0.7$^{\circ}C$/hr on spring season and the lowest as about 0.3$^{\circ}C$/hr on september at plain place. The correlation coefficient between net radiation and cooling rate from sunrise to sunset was 0.63$^{**}$, It became higher to 0.90$^{**}$ when the wind speed decreased lower than 0.5 m/sec, and it decreased as the wind speed increased. On a clear and calm day, cooling rates were observed as 1.4$^{\circ}C$/hr on the plain (site 1, 2, 3), 1.2$^{\circ}C$/hr on the slope (site 4, 5) and 0.6$^{\circ}C$/hr on the top of mountain (site 6). In condition of the wind speed is 1.2~2 m/sec on a clear and calm day and the temperature on the top of mountain is lower than that of slope and plain, the temperature on the slope (site 4,5) was increased unlike our expectation.ion.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.6 s.105
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• pp.819-832
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• 2004

Daily rainfall data from 14 stations during 1941 to 2000 were analyzed in order to examine the characteristics of the variation of summer rainfall and the identify relationship between the variation of summer rainfall and the variation of SOI(Southern Oscillation Index) and NPI(North Pacific Index), global temperature. For further investigation, study period is divided into two 30 year intervals, 1941-1970 and 1971-2000. There are the trend of increase in August and decrease in September in the later period compared with the earlier one. It was Mid-west in August where there is the largest variation. It is related to the increase of the frequency of heavy rainfall. The second period of extreme rainfall by ten days is absent, or it change from early in September to late in August. According to the result, the dry spell in August disappears and Changma is continued to early in September. Gradually, there is change from negative (or positive) to positive (or negative) to the rainfall anomaly of the mid of August and the mid of September (or July). The correlation between the variation of rainfall and oceanic variation and global temperature is statistically significant.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.457-457
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• 2012

말라리아는 매개체에 의한 전염병으로써 국내에서는 이미 1970년대에 사라진 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 1990년대에 재발생하여 2000년대 초반까지 경기도와 강원도 북부지역에서 환자가 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 사람에게서 발병하는 말라리아는 4종으로 알려져 있으나 우리나라의 경우 이 중 오로지 삼일열 원충감염에 의한 것으로 밝혀졌다(질병관리 본부, 2010). 기후변화는 질병의 발생에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 중요한 요인 중 하나로써 매개체에 의한 질병의 경우 기후요소는 매개체의 번식과 활동에 적지않은 영향을 미친다. 특히 말라리아의 경우 병원균을 가진 개체수와 모기에 물리는 횟수, 감염된 모기의 수, 그 모기에 사람이 물리는 횟수와 관계가 있으나 기온과 강수량, 습도의 변화 등 기후 및 수문학적 요소와도 밀접한 관계를 가지는 것으로 밝혀졌다(Lindsay & Birley, 1996; 박윤형 외, 2006; 신호성, 2011 재인용). 본 연구의 목적은 한반도 기후-수문학적 환경특성 및 변화를 파악하고 지역적 말라리아 발생과의 상관관계를 도출하며 이를 기반으로 하여 말라리아 발생의 변동을 예측하는 것이다. 분석에 사용된 데이터는 말라리아 발생자료의 경우, 질병관리 본부에서 제공하는 2001년 1월~2011년 12월 까지의 약 16000건의 발병자료가 포함 되었고 분석의 시간 단위는 2WEEKS 이며 전국 251개의 시군구에서 발생한 전염병을 합산하였다. 기상자료의 경우 기상청 기후자료 관리 시스템에서 제공하는 동일 기간대의 평균기온, 최고(최저)기온, 강수량, 신적설, 평균 해면기압, 평균 이슬점 온도, 평균 상대습도, 평균풍속, 평균운량, 일조시간 자료를 활용하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 AWS(Automatic Weather Station)자료의 경우 기본적으로 point 형태의 관측자료이고, 분석기간 동안의 개수에서도 차이가 있기 때문에 공간 내삽기법인 kriging을 활용하여 행정구역과 zonal하는 방법으로 재가공 하였다. 지역의 수문학적 특성의 경우 10*10 DEM을 기반으로 ESRI ArcGIS 소프트웨어의 ArcHydro 기능을 이용 하여 유역을 생성하는 방법을 채택하였다. 본 연구에서는 통계적 모형을 기본으로 기후 및 수문 특성과 말라리아 발생간의 상관관계를 분석하였으며 시계열 자료의 특성상 포아송 분포의 Generalized Estimation Equation 과 Generalized Linear Model을 이용한다(Baccini 외, 2008; 신호성, 2011). 또한 말라리아 잠복시간의 지연효과 및 전염병의 계절 영향을 반영하기 위하여 Fourier transform 을 적용 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.257-257
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• 2020

오늘날 지구촌은 1880년 이후 지구온난화로 인해 빈번해진 이상기후로 평균기온이 약 0.85℃ 상승하였으며, 강우특성의 변화로 초과홍수가 빈번하게 발생하고 단기간의 집중호우 증가 및 강우일수가 감소하였다. 특히 우리나라는 홍수기(7월~9월)에 집중되었던 태풍 및 강우사상이 가을까지(2019년 11월 태풍 횟수 : 6회) 지속되고 있으며, 용수수요가 집중되는 관개기간에 기후변화 영향으로 무강우기간 동안 증발산량이 증가하여 이용 가능한 수자원량 감소가 심화되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 섬진강 유역의 갈수예보 활용지점인 곡성군(금곡교) 관측소의 실측된 수문자료를 바탕으로 유출검토를 실시하였고 취수시설물의 영향을 고려한 순유출률을 산정하였다. 5개년 유출특성을 분석한 결과 강수량 대비 년도별 유사한 순유출을 나타내는 반면에 손실량에서 큰 차이가 발생하였다. 특히 2018년의 경우 6월 말~7월 초에 발생한 약 300mm의 강우사상 이후 32일간의 무강우기간(평년 기준 : 18일)의 증발산량 영향으로 많은 손실량이 발생하였다. 이는 기후변화의 영향으로 일조시간, 평균기온, 무강우기간의 증가를 예견하고 있으며 강수량 뿐 아니라 기상조건이 유역 내 유출특성에 지배적인 영향을 미치는 것을 반증하고 있다. 본 연구에서 활용된 증발산량 산정공식 수정 Blaney-criddle Method는 평균기온, 일조시간을 활용한 잠재 증발산량 산정방법으로 정확한 유역 특성을 고려하지는 못하지만 연구결과에서 보여주듯이 한정된 기상자료를 통한 증발산량 산정방법으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 향후 다양한 증발산량 산정방법과 비교 및 증발산량 관측장비의 활용방안 검토를 통해 분석된 증발산량자료의 품질개선이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.99-110
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• 2024

Paldang Reservoir serves as a crucial water source for the metropolitan area, and national efforts are focused on water quality management. The region near Paldang Dam, where the water intake facility with the greatest depth is located, experiences vertical stratification during the summer. It has been challenging to definitively classify whether this stratification is caused by density currents or summer temperatures. This study aimed to differentiate and analyze stratification due to density currents and temperature variations at key locations in the Paldang Reservoir through vertical water quality measurements. The results allowed us to distinguish between density current and temperature-induced stratification. We found that density currents are primarily caused by temperature differences among inflowing rivers, with flow velocity significantly influencing their persistence. Additionally, based on a combination of monsoon and non-monsoon season characteristics, we classified Paldang Reservoir into regions with distinct river and lake traits.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2010

According to IPCC 4th Assessment Report, concentration of carbon dioxide has been increasing by 30% since Industrial Revolution. Most of IPCC $CO_2$ emission scenarios estimate that the concentration will reach up to double of its present level within 100-year if the current tendency continues. The global warming has resulted in the agro-climate change over the Korean Peninsula as well. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand the future agro-climate induced by the increase of greenhouse gases in terms of the agro-climatic indices in the Korean peninsula. In this study, the future climate is simulated by an atmosphere/ocean/land surface/sea ice coupled general circulation climate model, Pusan National University Coupled General Circulation Model(hereafter, PNU CGCM), and by a regional weather prediction model, Weather Research and Forecasting Model(hereafter, WRF) for the purpose of a dynamical downscaling. The changes of the vegetable period and the crop growth period, defined as the total number of days of a year exceeding daily mean temperature of 5 and 10, respectively, have been analyzed. Our results estimate that the beginning date of vegetable and crop growth periods get earlier by 3.7 and 17 days, respectively, in spring under the $CO_2$-doubled climate. In most of the Korean peninsula, the predicted frost days in spring decrease by 10 days. Climatic production index (CPI), which closely represent the productivity of rice, tends to increase in the double $CO_2$ climate. Thus, it is suggested that the future $CO_2$ doubled climate might be favorable for crops due to the decrease of frost days in spring, and increased temperature and insolation during the heading date as we expect from the increased CPI.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.71.1-71.1
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• 2010

본 연구는 1.3 MW급 태양광 발전소에서 기온 및 일사량에 따른 발전성능이 유지 보수 및 사후관리에 따라 성능이 향상될 수 있음을 실측자료를 통해 입증하는데 목적이 있다. 실측자료는 2008년 5월 전북 부안에 설치된 태양광 발전소에서 측정된 기온 및 일사량에 따른 발전량을 이용하였으며, 측정기간은 2009년 1월~2009년 12월까지 1년간 모니터링을 한 데이터를 기반으로 분석하였고, 발전소 성능 지표인 PR(Performance Ratio)을 계산하여 자료로 활용하였다. 또한, 실측자료는 PVSYST를 이용하여 실측자료와 동일한 조건에서 예측된 시뮬레이션 발전량 및 PR값과 비교 분석하였다. 실측자료와 해석결과의 비교에서 월단위로 측정된 실측 발전량과 예측 발전량은 유사한 경향을 나타냈으며, 실측 발전량은 예측 발전량 대비 약 5% 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 실측 PR값은 예측 PR값보다 약 4.97% 높게 나타났는데, 이는 해석을 위해 적용되는 일사량(기상청)과 실측 일사량이 다르고, Team Function 방식으로 구동되는 인버터와 시뮬레이션에서의 인버터 구동방식의 차이 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 한편, 일조량의 증가에 따른 1.3MW급 태양광 발전소의 발전량은 비례적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 7월의 경우 기후특성으로 인하여 국부적으로 감소하는 특성을 나타낸다.