• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.105-133
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• 2008

Focusing market failure and state intervention, this article analyzes the determinants of corporate training in Korea. Analysing the first wave of HCCP(Human Capital Corporate Panel) data produced by KRIVET(Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training), this article finds that even though the skills attainead in corporate in Korea are mostly general(industry-specific), but the market failure in training appears rather small and is confined to the manufacturing industry. And the state intervention in corporate training works only at manufacturing industry, it does not work at new service industry. The results mean that in new service industry, it is difficult to find out the existence of market failure in training due to the positive externalities. Therefore Korea government should look thoroughly into the state intervention in training in new service industry.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.27-54
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• 2006

As maintaining customer long term relationship is critical factor for improving to firm value as well as customer lifetime value, the academicians and practitioners have paid attention to customer defection. It is said that service failures are key factors to customer defection or customer switching(Keaveney 1995 etc.). This study examines that the effect on customer defection of service failures is differential according to the various customer-firms relationship characteristics. We consider relationship duration, usage level, decision making influence, industry knowledge and switching cost as customer-firm relationship characteristics based on marketing literature. Predictions are developed and tested using Internet service provider(ISP) user survey data(n=212). Results show that the customer-firms relationship characteristics/above variables) play a moderating roles in the service failures and customer defection links.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.90-115
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• 2001

본 연구는 서비스 접점에서 서비스 실패가 일어나는 경우 기업의 복구노력이 고객의 만족에 마치는 영향에 관한 연구이다. 먼저 서비스 실패에 대한 기업의 복구노력이 갖는 의미를 살펴보고, 서비스 복구노력이 고객의 만족과정에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지에 대하여 항공산업을 연구대상으로 기대불일치이론, 정당성이론 및 귀인이론을 적용하여 다양한 관점에서 실증 분석하였다. 특히 기대불일치이론 및 정당성이론에 관한 선행 연구들을 상세히 고찰하고, 이러한 이론적 관점에서 서비스 실패 후 기업의 복구노력이 고객의 만족과정에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지를 다중회귀분석 및 구조방정식 모형을 이용하여 실증 분석하였다. 또한 조직행동론의 연구결과를 이용하여 서비스 실패에 대한 귀인적 추론결과가 소비자의 만족과정에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.235-252
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• 2015

The Korean government is building a virtuous cycle of startups and venture businesses for a dynamic, innovative economy. This ecosystem is made possible when a social environment that embraces tolerance and turn business failure into re-startups and challenging venture startups by outstanding entrepreneurs are present. Due to the government's efforts to promote start-ups and venture businesses, their number has been increasing annually, but the efforts to create a social environment for re-startups and establish a relevant institution have recently started. This study is aimed at providing policy direction for re-startups by getting policy implications after identifying the current status of domestic failed businessmen' re-startups based on previous researches on failed businessmen. This study also reviewed advanced nations' cases and made international comparison of re-startup policies. Before the startup culture that recognizes failure as the stage for success is formed as in the U.S., it is necessary to create a legal basis for continuously pushing for the rechallenge policy of EU's Small Business Act and establish and operate the private sector-driven revitalization council of SMEs in Japan. It is also necessary to consider the guarantee of failed businessmen' livelihood. If additional research and government policies are added to the conclusions made on the policy implications, this research will provide an in-depth insight for revitalizing domestic re-startup.

• Venture DIGEST
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• s.69
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• pp.18-19
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• 2005

실패한 벤처기업에게도 재기의 기회를 주자는 이른바‘패자부활제도’에 대한 관심이 높이지면서 실질 집행기관으로 선정된 기술신용보증기금에 이목이 집중되고 있다. 2005년 벤처 재도약의 해를 맞아 중소∙벤처기업의 채무를 보증해 자금융통을 돕고, 실패한 벤처기업에게도 재기의 기회를 줄 기술신용보증기금의 책임과 역할이 증대되고 있다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.33-45
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• 2020

While venture creation is considered to be of high social and economic importance, entrepreneurial outcomes are inherently uncertain and that failure is thus a central feature of entrepreneurship. Although failure in entrepreneurship is pervasive and critical, the impact of prior failure on future entrepreneurship has not received significant attention in the literature. Although failure is a painful and costly experience for entrepreneurs, it can also provide a powerful learning opportunity for those experiencing it. It has been argued that entrepreneurial failure is not just a individual problem but a matter of social concern. As part of the restarting business support system, entrepreneurial re-education program is provided to support failed entrepreneurs. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of failed entrepreneurs' prior entrepreneurial experience and re-education on subsequent venture creation. Moreover, this study also examined the moderating effects of entrepreneurial motivation. For the analyses, we surveyed the entrepreneurs who tried to re-start the subsequent business after the entrepreneurial failure through the "Revitalization Center for Strained Entrepreneur". The result found that failed entrepreneurs who learned a lot from their previous founding experience were more likely to re-start their subsequent business. The failed entrepreneurs who learned a lot from entrepreneurial re-education program were more likely to re-start their subsequent business. Moreover, the positive effect of failed entrepreneurs' previous founding experience and entrepreneurial re-education program on re-starting subsequent business was found to be weaker when entrepreneurial extrinsic motivation was high.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.27-37
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• 2015

Start up a company is critical to the regional economy and job creation and so get support from government and other organizations, but there are still exist of high rate of failure and CEO's stressful fear of failure. New firms are of utmost importance for the vitality of national economic driving forces but for those failed firms, they caused social and economic problems directly and indirectly, and brought frustration to the founders. The many education and research programs about entrepreneurship and venture creation were undertaken by the country and organizations, but the education and research about the vigilance of failed to start up company were almost ignored. If the attention can be put into the research about failed companies and the research can make the founders and pre-CEOs aware the failure of establishing a company, that would be very valuable as scenarios to see the company risks. This case study shows the finding the reasons which caused the failure of small venture companies and it's implications in the filed of establishing companies. The technology based venture company which had run 10 years in Daedeok's IT field was selected as the research object. The results show that the important factors such as entrepreneur characteristics(lack of communication and management knowledge), business management(lack of business expertise) and technology(loss of unique feature of product and lack of product extension) were the root cause of failures.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.103-108
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• 2021

코로나19로 인해 전 세계가 대 격변기에 있다. 경기 위축과 불확실성이 증대되고 있어 많은 기업과 가게 등 경제 주체들이 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 창업을 계획한다면 실패에 대한 많은 심리적 부담을 갖게 될 것이기에 더욱더 위험을 감수하고 위기를 기회로 활용하려는 창의적이고 적극적인 기업가의 태도가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 기업가의 심리적 특성 변수라 할 수 있는 기업가정신과, 창업할 때 기업가가 갖고 있는 창업실패두려움 그리고, 창업자기효능감이 창업의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 기업가정신을 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성 세 가지 하위변수로 구분하였으며, 창업실패두려움도 재무적손실 두려움, 심리적손실 두려움, 경력손실 두려움으로 구분하여 각각의 하위변수들이 창업의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 알아보고자 한다. 또한 창업 상황에서 일종의 자신감이라 할 수 있는 창업자기효능감이 기업가정신과 창업의도 관계에서, 창업실패두려움과 창업의도관계에서 어떠한 매개적 역할을 하는 지 알아보고자 한다. 이를 통해 창업 분야에서 기업가정신과 창업실패두려움, 창업자기 효능감의 역할에 대한 학문적, 실무적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.173-190
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• 2014

According to COSO(2013) "Internal control is a process that is designed to provide reasonable assurance that a firm can achieve its objectives, where differing aspects of internal control can be partitioned into operating objectives, reporting objectives, and compliance objectives." Internal control over financial reporting(ICFR) is focus on reporting objectives and includes that provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Thus, firms with weak ICFR have negative a effect on Firm value because those firms are great likelihood of misappropriation and inefficiency decision. In this regard, this study investigates the association of ICFR with the likelihood of firm failure. Specially, I measure the characteristic of ICFR as disclosures of material weaknesses and operating personnel of ICFR. I identify the likelihood of firm failure as going-concern opinion issued in audit report. As result, I find that a higher probability of firm failure is positively associated with the material weakness in ICFR also I find that a higher probability of firm failure is negatively associated with experience and qualified CPA of personnel in ICFR.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.110-135
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a mileage program on consumers' negative emotions and behavior when the program failed. To accomplish the purpose of this study, the failures in mileage programs were classified into three types(refusal, delay, reduced advantages) with two types of customers' commitment(affective and calculative), and an experimental design was used to verify the effect of customers' negative emotions on their negative behavior when the programs fail. A total of 600 university students in Seoul and Pusan areas were surveyed from 1st of Sept. to 30th in 2009. The result suggests that both consumers with affective commitment and those with calculative commitment felt negative emotions(regret, disappointment) when a mileage program failed. Consumers with affective commitment to a company are expected to give negative words of mouth to others. Also, consumers with calculative commitment to a company are expected to complain and give negative words of mouth to others.