• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.285-299
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• 2006

At the end of 2005, 443 nuclear reactors were operating in 32 countries worldwide. They had provided about 3,000 TWh, which was just over 16 percent of global electricity supply. With the generating capacity of 368 GWe in 2004, the spent fuel generation rate worldwide, now becomes at about 11,000 tHM/y. Projections indicate that cumulative amounts to be generated by the year 2020, the time when most of the existing NPP will be closed to the end of their licensed lifetime, may be close to 445,000 tHM. In this regard, spent fuel management is a common issue in all countries with nuclear reactors. Whatever their national policy and/or strategy is selected for the backend of the nuclear fuel cycle, the management of spent fuel will contribute an impending and imminent issues to be resolved in the foreseeable future. The 2nd Review Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the Joint Convention was held in Vienna from 15 to 24 May 2006. The meeting gave an opportunity to exchange information on the national policy and strategy of spent fuel management of the Contracting Parties, to discuss their situations, prospects and the major factors influencing the national policies in this field and to identify the most important directions that national efforts and international co-operation in this area should be taken. In this paper, an overview of national and global trends of spent fuel management is discussed. In addition, some directions are identified and recent activities of each Member States in the subject area are summarized.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.42
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• pp.53-79
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• 2016

The public interest and popularity of animation has already forecasted the value of animation as the leader of pop culture and cultural industry. The trend in animation changed from 2D to 3D animation, a new genre that appeared in the 1990s with the development of computer technology and innovative changes in media, and 3D animation secured its position in the 2000s. Researches on 3D animation are conducted in various ways. Integrating the area it shares with film and the area it shares with design, it is produced and consumed. This study focused on 'formativeness(design)', the basis of character design, and tried to find out how it is recognized by the audience, who actually watch and feel it. Also, it approached basic theory and tried to deduce logic that is easy to understand and can analyze design or formativeness which keeps changing. Lastly, this study regards the parts that viewers are not satisfied with as problems, and tries to find out a developmental direction. Among the animations for theaters that were big hits in 2015, this study focused on the characters of and . It reviewed errors and what was lacking in the previous studies, collected experts' opinions and made adjustment. Using the frame prepared through this process, it conducted a survey on study participants, the viewers, to see how it is perceived by them. Finally, it tried to find out the reasons why the audience felt that way through theoretical reviews and applications.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.33-55
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate about exploring diversity of methodology in security research focused on the current status and applications of qualitative inquiry. Expenses to take advantage of a variety of qualitative research techniques in the field is divided, and explore the possibility of applying the security research. Expenses compared to quantitative research, qualitative research on the utilization is very low, and to perform a qualitative study in-depth interviews focused on morphological aspects of research and a paucity of practical deep and lacks specificity. Expense of qualitative research in various fields is presented challenges to Creswell(1998, 2007, 2013) proposed five kinds of qualitative research types narrative research, phenomenological research, grounded theory research, ethnographic research, case study research, look for it in the security field. Expenses theorize that it may lead to practical changes in the security field, causing an in-depth exploration of the changes in the escort industry. Expense opportunity to identify the social and cultural values in security field and security research. Varied and in-depth qualitative research through field and industry and the complementary role of security.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.107-123
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• 2015

Internet of Things (IoT) is being globally spotlighted as a fundamental technology to realize hyper-connected society, and as new growth engines of nation and enterprises. Although the technical aspect of IoT receives a great deal of attention as a new business opportunity, the business aspect of IoT is suffering insufficient scholarly research and objective insight. Thus, the business aspect of IoT requires a thorough research on its service market and business opportunities. In order to stimulate the IoT service market and facilitate objective statistic data aggregation, this paper aims to suggest an IoT service categorization model. This model is comprised of three perspectives which are IoT purpose, IoT Player, and IoT Domain; they function as tools to comprehensively analyze the IoT industry. Efficacy of this model has been confirmed by simulating 117 IoT services on the model, in which the results successfully offered the market trend of the IoT service based on Case. This study is able to apply for basic research of IoT-Service Development Plan, and provide practical implications.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.77-90
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• 2013

This study is to seek measures for streamlining the evaluation system by analyzing the examples of advanced countries. This study was conducted, based on the relevant government policy documents and previous research papers, in the manner of comparing and analyzing the issues and cases regarding the government evaluation system of public-funded R&D programs in selected countries. In Korea, a national R&D performance evaluation system was introduced by law in 2006. In United States, Obama government has enhanced government performance management by signed into law the GPRA Modernezation Act of 2010. The Japanese Government issued a newly revised Guideline on National R&D Evaluation in late 2012. European Union has also been constantly updating its evaluation system for Framework Programmes(FPs) begun since 1984. This study gets some insights from the recent development of R&D evaluation in the other countries. It is important for the government R&D evaluation system to be in line with national S&T policy and agency's mission. In micro views, specific evaluation approaches and methods by types of various R&D programs should be more illustratively developed. Additionally it is suggested to monitor recent trends and techniques on R&D evaluation by participating in activities to communicate and share their knowledge and experiences in international evaluation research networks.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 2014

Because offshore plant industry needs to design, deploy and operate much of equipment especially, the latest trend shows the installation of production facilities is augmented in the subsea. The installed facilities are very difficult to be repaired or changed because they are located in the subsea. For solving these problems, both the directly related information of the production like the optimal number, position and depth of wells and the distribution for effective operation and safety of equipment of subsea should be considered at the preliminary stage of FEED (Front End Engineering Design). The marine exploration is introduced in this paper for providing the fundamental technology to answer the questions related to above considering points. First, some kinds of the offshore plant facilities are enumerated and aims of marine exploration for the offshore oil/gas development are summarized. In addition to it, the main roles of marine survey, in the step of designing and installing offshore oil-gas plant, development are briefly listed. And then foreign examples are shown to help the reader's understand. This paper is hoped to be helpful for understanding the marine exploration that can be applied to offshore oil/gas plant and to be contributed to developing the domestic techniques in this field for the future.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.237-246
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• 2014

Purpose: Helicopter parenting is an emerging concept as a way of rearing adolescents and adult children. However, helicopter parenting from a nursing perspective has not been elucidated. Therefore, we undertook a concept analysis to understand the attributes, antecedents and consequences of helicopter parenting in the context of nursing. Methods: Using Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis, we analyzed literature on helicopter parenting to discover critical attributes, antecedents, and consequences of this phenomenon. Data were collected from seven electronic search engines. Twelve studies matching inclusion criteria were reviewed. Results: Three core attributes of helicopter parenting were hovering, highly deep involvement, and proxy decision making. The antecedents and consequences were retrieved from three important domains including social, parent, and child aspects. Surrogate terms were black hawk, hummingbird, and hovercraft parenting, and related terms were stealth fighter and Kamikaze parenting. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, helicopter parenting has both positive and negative effects on both children and parents. To enhance the positive effects, measurement tools for helicopter parenting and nursing interventions on parenting need to be developed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.891-894
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate how to design, where to construct, why to degrade, what plan to use systematically the underground structures such as underpass, underground passageways. About 50% of the underground structures are located on Seoul, Kyungi-Do. In design of the underground structures such as underpass, underground passageways, the required conditions are defined. And also in construction stage, the conditions of soil, required structure depth, site characteristics, reasonable construction method, are investigated. In the selection of details for underground structure, the items mainly considered, are the wall and column type, the sidewalk type, anchoring-system type, the water-proofing method, entranc shape. The reason and the adequate measures for the degradation of concrete structure are also investigated. The initial cracking properties due to the thermal characteristic are considered. The state of the art report on the new technologies are reviewed. The recent project for the systematically application to the underground structures is reviewed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.271-277
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• 2007

Natural pigments have many applications like colouring agent, pigments, food additives, and antiseptics. At present, instead of synthetic pigments that have contributed to the development of industry, many kinds of natural pigments have been developed. The constituents of gardenia fruits, Gardenia jasminoides ELLIS, are traditionally known as herb medicine and natural dyes/pigments due to the customer is needs. The fruits produce yellow carotenoid pigments and iridoid compounds. The two main components in the yellow pigments are called crocin and crocetin. The extraction mode of yellow pigment from Gardenia is depended upon the extraction time, temperature, and volume of solvent. Red pigments or blue pigments formed from geniposide and amino acids have been reported a lot. Geniposide, the principal iridoid glucoside contained in gardenia fruit, was hydrolyzed to genipinic acid or genipin as a precursor for the pigment by enzymatic or chemical reaction. These red or blue pigments prepared with materials hydrolyzed of geniposide and amino acid and had properties governed by the electrostatic character of the amino acid. The pigments showed good stability to heat and pH but were gradually bleached by light while the other natural pigments are unstable in light, heat, acid, and base solution. The safety of the pigments was considered to be of little virulences in comparison to synthetic pigments.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.2 s.30
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• pp.98-108
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• 2006

The cost of construction engineering field is less than $3{\sim}5%$ of the gross construction cost, it, however, is very important because the performance of final facility depends on the technical ability of construction engineering company. However, as the results of the technical level of domestic construction engineering survey from experts, it was less than 70% of developed country. For this reason, domestic construction engineering companies are confronted with serious problems to go into overseas market. Accordingly, this research analyzed the construction engineering market trend of domestic and overseas in order to suggest the strategies to go into the Vietnam. Moreover, this research identified problems and strategies of making inroads into the world market through the survey from the domestic construction company related to overseas construction, advanced a theory through extensive literature review, and collected extensive opinions through an interview with domestic and foreign experts and business trip. The purpose of this research is to provide market analysis and strategic plan for advancing into overseas market in order to make the domestic construction engineering companies to go into the Vietnam market. Especially, as a plan for the revitalization of advancing overseas market of domestic construction engineering companies, this research proposed Constructing Local Infrastructure, Business Creation of Planning Proposals and Enlarged Plans of ODA(Official Development Assistant).