• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.743-752
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of scientifically gifted students' views on the nature of science. A multiple-choice format questionnaire was administered to 237 Korean 10th, 11th and 12th graders at the Korea Science Academy. The differences and similarities by gender and experience of R&E program on the students' views of the nature of science were investigated. The questionnaire developed by Lim(2004) was implemented for this investigation. We found that the majority of scientifically gifted students had highly possessed the tentativeness of scientific knowledge. The students who experienced R&E program have relatively high apprehension of scientists' motivation for researches and activities in social context compared to the students who did not experience an R&E program. Scientifically gifted students had relatively high apprehension that government should not control researches of scientists and relatively low apprehension of social responsibilities of scientists comparing to general high school students. The experience on R&E program was identified as a factor to effect changes in the students' views on the nature of science. The study has implications for the development of gifted program and curriculum such as running and assessing R&E program, and also the pre-service preparation of science teacher, teacher education reformat in both the practical and the policy levels.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.68-69
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 서울시 소재 과학영재교육원에서 운영하는 프로그램에서 개발된 일부 모듈들에 구현되어있는 과학탐구과정 및 사고과정의 특징이 과학영재프로그램의 목적에 따른 목표를 성취할 수 있는지를 평가하고, 과학탐구과정이나 사고과정의 각 항목을 구현한 탐구의 실제를 알기 위한 것이다. 또, 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 모듈들에 대해 반성하고 개선점을 찾으려는 것이다. 연구 참여자들은 13명이며 연구 목적을 위해 첫째, 영재교육과정 및 평가에 관한 문헌을 근거로 과학영재프로그램의 목적과 목표를 설정, 둘째, 목적과 목표를 근거로 문헌에 제시된 분석틀들을 수정 개발, 셋째, 참여자들이 각자 모듈을 1개 선정하여 분석하고 이를 수정한 후 다시 분석하여 해석, 넷째, 분석결과의 해석을 토대로 반성을 하였다. 각 단계마다 각자 해결한 내용을 공개하고 모든 참여자들이 공개된 내용에 대해 비판하면서 합의하는 과정을 거쳤다. 합의 도출에 의해 첫째, 과학영재프로그램의 목적은 '탐구적 사고과정을 함양하고 지역사회에 유익한 새로운 지식을 창출한다.', 이에 대한 목표는 '자기 주도적인 탐구 계획 능력을 향상한다.'와 '숙달된 탐구 기능을 사용하여 실제문제를 해결할 수 있다.'로 설정하였다. 둘째, 분석틀은 '과학탐구과정' 과 '사고과정'의 두 범주로 구성하였으며, '과학탐구과정'에 해당하는 항목은 '사전탐구, 탐구방법, 해석적 탐구기술, 의사소통능력, 탐구평가, 과학의 본성'으로, '사고과정'에 해당하는 항목들은 '논리적 사고, 창의적 사고'로 구성하였다. 셋째, 선정된 모듈들을 분석한 결과 모듈들은 대체로 탐구방법과 해석적 탐구기술을 많이 강조하였는데, 수정된 모듈들에서는 이 두 항목이 더욱 강조되었다. 특히, 해석적 탐구기술에서 의사소통능력, 탐구평가, 과학의 본성, 창의적 사고를 강조하는 탐구의 실제가 증가하였다. 수정후 증가된 항목들은 앞에서 설정한 두 가지 목표에 도달하는데 도움이 되는 항목들이라고 합의 선정되었던 것이므로, 이에 따라 수정 전 모듈보다 수정 후 모듈이 보다 더 영재프로그램의 목표에 도달하기에 적합한 것으로 판단하였다. 넷째, 연구결과를 토대로 반성한 점은 '목표' 에 '창의적 사고'와 '과학의 본성'에 대한 강조가 부족하다는 것, '목표'에서 '실제문제를 해결'할 수 있어야 한다는 것에 비해 '모듈'에서 다루는 주제는 '실제문제'가 아니라 학문적인 질문에 치우쳐 있다는 것, '자기 주도적인 탐구 계획 능력'을 향상시키는 탐구의 실제가 대체로 적게 제시되어 있다는 것이다. 이러한 반성을 영재프로그램의 각 모듈에서 모두 구현할 수 있는 것은 아니지만 본 연구에서 설정한 목적과 목표에 따라 프로그램을 개발하는 경우 이러한 반성점을 고려하여 모듈을 개발한다면 영재프로그램 전체적으로 볼 때는 모두 구현되어 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 서울시에 소재하는 과학영재교육원들에서 개발하여 사용하는 많은 모듈 중 극히 일부를 대상으로 하였으므로 연구 결과를 모든 과학영재프로그램에 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 그러나 본 연구처럼 프로그램이나 모듈을 평가하려는 연구자들에게 일련의 평가단계에 대한 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 2018

This study aims to suggest the conceptual framework for the Nature of Technology (NOT) by examining the current researches regarding the NOT in science and technology education and to analyze the conceptions of experts in science, technology, and engineering fields based on the framework of NOT. The NOT conceptual framework developed in the study consisted of the six domains of NOT, which are 1. Technology as artifacts, 2. Technology as knowledge, 3. Technology as practice, 4. Technology as system, 5. The role of technology in society, and 6. History of technology. Also, the results of analyzing the conceptions for the 30 experts in science, technology, and engineering fields emphasize on the three domains of the 3. Technology as practice, 4. Technology as system, and 5. The role of technology in society among the 6 domains of the framework of the six domains of the NOT framework. This findings are different from the results of previous researches conducted in science and technology education for exploring the conceptions of NOT in the POV of the public and students. As such, the results show that while the public and students possess naive ideas on NOT only focusing on the technology as products and tools, experts in science, technology, and engineering fields possess the authentic views of the NOT reflecting the complex and abstract concepts of technology in terms of the perspectives of philosophy of technology.

• 발명특허
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• v.5 no.12 s.58
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• pp.22-24
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• 1980

근대과학을 낳는데 가장 중요한 역할을 한 갈릴레오는 우연히 망원경을 만든 것을 계기로 천문학에 끼여들었다. 망원경에 의한 천체관측은 2천년동안 끄떡없던 아리스토텔레스티 우주론이 틀렸음을 보여 주었다. 1609년 달의 정체가 밝혀지고 본성의 위성들이 발견되자 대중의 열광은 극에 이르렀으며 갈릴레오는 일약 유명해졌다. 가톨릭교회는 갈릴레오의 발견을 크게 환영했다. 그는 로마에 불려가 교황 바오르 5세(Paul V $1552\~1621$의 환대를 받고 성대한 축하행사에 참석했다. 예수회소속천문학자들도 갈릴레오를 찬양했다. 유일한 반대세력은 대학에 자리잡고 있느 소수의 아리스토펠레스주의자들이었다. 갈릴레오가 옹호한 코페르니쿠스체계에 대한 최초의 공격은 평신도와 하급성직자들에게서 나왔다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyse achievement of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study-Repeat (TIMSS-R), which was performed in 1999 with 38 nations participating. Korean 8th grade students' achievement of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' was compared to that of other countries and other content areas in science. Average percent correct of items in each subcategory - Scientific Method, Experimental Design, Scientific Measurements, Describing and Interpreting Data - was also analysed. Although 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' topics were not included in intended curriculum in Korea, Korean students' average scale score of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' was significantly higher than international average and, in comparison with other science content areas, achievement of that area was relatively high. The reasons could be that the most students studied topics related to 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' through the implemented curriculum and that the Korean teachers recognized the importance of inquiry. According to the results to analyze subcategories, the average percent correct of Korea were higher than 50% except the 'Scientific Measurements' subcategory. However, the international average percent correct were lower than 50%. Especially, the average percent correct of Korea was the highest in 'Describing and Interpreting Data' subcategory despite there were many students who were confused at observation, hypothesis and conclusion.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.323-334
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• 2017

Current science education aims to guide students as future responsible citizens to make informed decisions on socioscientific issues (SSI). In the authors' previous study, it was found that conceptions of nature of technology (NOT) were explicitly represented in various contexts of SSI with differentiated levels of understanding, and cases of the informed NOT understanding included the key features of well-reasoned SSI decision-making. Therefore, enhancing NOT understanding could be one of the elements to leverage students' informed SSI decision-making. In this study, we developed a rubric to assess NOT understanding in the context of SSI and applied it to evaluate the impact of SSI instruction. Participants were 58 college students who took an SSI course for 6 weeks. Before and after the SSI course, they were asked to write decision-making essays on the Golden Rice issue (a type of genetically modified food). As a result of analyzing the pre- and post decision-making essay using the rubric, it was found that NOT understanding was improved after the SSI course; in addition, the salient patterns of NOT changes were analyzed in detail in order to gauge the influence of the SSI classes. Implications for science education were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 1995

표면, 계면, 박막 계에 대한 자성 연구는 실용적인 응용가능성과 고체 내부와는 다른 특이한 현상으로 인해 지난 십여년간에 걸쳐 실험적으로나 이론적으로 많은 관심을 끌 어 왔으며 고체물리나 재료과학 분야에서 그 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 표면에서 규칙 적인 격자가 끊어지거나 원자 조성이 달라짐으로 인해 표면, 계면, 박막계에서는 고체 내부와는 다른 독특한 현상이 생긴다. 예를 들어 전자 상태가 국재화되고 자기 모멘트 가 증가되며 또 수직 자기 이방성이 생기거나 복잡한 자기 질서가 생기기도 한다. 이 러한 계에 대한 이론적 연구의 일차적 목적은 이들의 본성을 미시적인 차원에서 근본 적으로 이해하는데 있다고 할 수 있다. 최근에 들어 실험기술의 발전으로 인해 새로운 구조나 조성을 갖는 인공적인 물질의 제작이 가능하게 되었으며, 이와 병행하여 이들 의 특성을 실험적으로 측정할 수 있는 기술도 동시에 발전하여 왔다. 따라서 이론적 연구 또한 이미 얻어진 실험적 결과를 설명하는 데 그치지 않고 아직 실험적으로 행해 지지 않은 새로운 물질의 특성을 예측하는 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.2311-2316
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• 2010

Three series of copolyterephthalamides having biphenyl-2,2'-diyl structure in the main chain, were synthesized from p-phenylene-containing diamines such as p-phenylene diamine, 4,4'-oxydianiline or 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene, with mixed diacids of terephthalic acid and 2,2'-bibenzoic acid by the direct polycondensation method. The resulting copolymers had inherent viscosities ranging from 0.46 to 0.93dL/g, and most of them could be readily dissolved in polar aprotic solvents including N,N-dimethyl acetamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. These copolymers had glass transition temperatures between 239 and $326^{\circ}C$, and their 10% weight loss temperatures were recorded in the range of $410{\sim}485^{\circ}C$ in nitrogen atmosphere.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.105
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• pp.193-214
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• 2008

This paper is about to analyse Merleau-Ponty's notion of flesh on textual evidences through the structure of perception and to apply this result to his theory of the others. In the first place, we study what he thinks of philosophical investigation and thus of the essence of philosophy. With this process, we find out that perception is more important than reflection in philosophical investigation. Differently from the objective or objectivistic viewpoint, the truth of perception is revealed to go beyond distinction between consciousness and object. This truth refers to reversibility which Merleau-Ponty thinks to be the ultimate truth. The reversibility of perception leads to chiasms which reveal and unreveal the beings. In the final analysis, the flesh as reversibility is the Being in the beings. When it comes to the problem of other minds, we are confirmed through the movement of flesh that self-presence is the presence to the differentiated world, namely the others.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-5
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• 2024

With the Russia-Ukraine war ongoing, the war broke out due to a surprise attack by Hamas on October 7, 2023. Israel and Hamas had a conflict with similar causes and aspects in 2021, which was immediately resolved with a peace agreement. It is no exaggeration to say that 'human history is the history of war.' War accounts for a significant portion of human history. According to Kenneth Waltz, the violent and selfish nature of humans, the nature of nations pursuing their own interests, and the international system act simultaneously as causes of war. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of the Israel-Hamas war using Kenneth Waltz's three image theories to derive implications and provide implications for Korea's military strategy.