• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.227-231
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to clarify the behavior of stranded crude oil and to estimate the restoration of seawater infiltration by application of dispersant as one of cleaning techniques. We made visualization of infiltration process of seawater and stranded crude oil on the sandy beach sediments by using of a model sandy beach. Major conclusions derived from this study are as follows. The seawater infiltration volume was reduced by the stranded crude oil. However, thirty percentage of the sweater infiltration into the sediments was restored by dispersant application to the penetrated oil in sandy beach. The penetration depth of stranded oil were dropped at first falling tide, but were not significantly fluctuated after that. Moreover, oil concentration was most high within the upper 2 cm. The stranded crude oil was broken into small size droplets and dispersed into the sediments by the dispersant application. Therefore, dispersant applications play an important roles in the large increase of surface area of given volume of oil, and it resulted in promoting to biological degradation process at the oil/water interface, dispersing the stranded oil into the water column and restoration of the supplement of the dissolved oxygen and nutrients to the benthic organisms.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.3-15
• /
• 2003

Recently more than 450 incidents of oil spill a year have occurred in nearshore of Korea, which caused unmeasurelable losses in fisheries and severe damage in marine ecosystem. Two approaches remain paramount in any response to marine oil spill : the enhancement of natural dispersion of the oil by using dispersants, and mechanical recovery using booms and skimmers. A technique currently receiving fresh attention is the enhancement of the natural bioremediation of oil through the application of micro-organisms and/or nutrient. Oil, like many natural substances, will biodegrade over a period of time into simple compounds such as carbon dioxide, water and biomass. Bioremediation is the term used to describe a range of processes which can be used to accelerate natural biodegradation. More specifically biostimulation is the application of nutrients, and bioaugremetation or seeding is the addition of microbes specially selected to degrade oil. Bioremediation is an economically attractive method for the clean-up of oil-contaminated area. Bioremediation has been demonstrated to be an effective oil spill countermeasure for use in cobble, sand beach, salt marsh, and mud flat environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.23-24
• /
• 2009

허베이스피리트호 원유유출 사고는 2007년 12월7일 아침 7시6분경 서해안 만리포 북서쪽 10km 해상에서 크레인을 적재한 1만1800t급 바지선이 정박 중인 홍콩 선적 유조선 허베이 스피리트호(14만6000t급)와 부딪치면서 발생했다. 이와 같은 기름 유출 사고의 경우, 유출 범위를 정확하게 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 여기서는 위 사고 기간에 얻어진 인공위성 자료를 이용하여 기름 유출을 탐지하기 위한 연구결과를 소개한다. 광학과 마이크로파데이터에 대해 유출 범위의 계산 및 해석 알고리듬에 대한 현재까지의 결과를 소개한다. 광학데이터로는 아리랑 2호(다목적실용위성 2호, KOMPSAT II)) MSC(Multi Spectral Camera)자료가 사용되었으며, 합성개구레이더로는 ENVISAT ASAR, TerraSAR-X 및 ALOS PALSAR의 자료가 사용되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.690-698
• /
• 2017

Vietnam is a marine nation with more than 3,444 km of shorelines, thousands of islands, and 2,360 rivers and canals of over 42,000 km long. As the frequency and the volume of oil transportation by ships increase, the possibility of oil spill incidents becomes higher than ever. Fuel oil and cargo oil spills at sea have widespread impact and long-term consequences on marine ecosystems, coastal resources and human health as well as socio-economy. This study is to show not only the present state of marine oil spills in Vietnam such as the number and the volume of oil spills for two decades, and an overall about Vietnamese national response system like national framework for Oil Spill Response (OSR), etc. but also to present the recommendations for enhancing national capability in response to oil spill incidents in Vietnam, especially, with a comparison of national OSR systems between Vietnam and South Korea. As the result, the number and the volume of marine oil spills in Vietnam showed an upward trend as opposed to a downward trend in South Korea. This means that Vietnam has the possibility of oil spills in coastal waters. Therefore, three main recommendations for the enhancement of national OSR capability in Vietnam are proposed as follows: (1) the development of alternative plan for reenforcing national OSR system involving legal system for preparedness and response to oil spill pollution such as the acceptance and implementation of OPRC Convention as well as the establishment of national fund compensating for the damage and loss caused by oil pollution; (2) the enhancement of a consistent reporting, alerting and monitoring system; and (3) the development of training and exercise programs with standard contents of educational courses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.58-64
• /
• 2024

Approximately 250 marine oil spill accidents have occurred in Korea, with profound impact on local communities and the environment. The restoration process necessitates significant resources and costs to return affected areas to their pre-accident state. In accordance with the polluter pays principle, compensation is demanded from polluter, as stipulated in both international conventions and national laws. Consequently, investigations are conducted to determine civil and criminal liability. As the importance of investigation actors in oil spill accidents increases, standards such as CEN 15522-2 and ASTM D 3248 are employed to determine the similarity between the spilled oil and the oil of the suspected ship. Among these standards, CEN 15522-2, the most actively used European standard, underwent its third revision and is now known as EN 15522-2, as of 2023. This study used EN 15522-2 to analyze samples from marine oil spill accidents that occurred in Korea. The results indicated that, considering the characteristics of domestic spills where light fuel oil spills account for more than 40%, the application of EN 15522-2, which includes low-boiling point substances such as Adamantanes, was confirmed to be highly effective.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.3-12
• /
• 2003

Due to the high demand on energy resources accompanied by continuing industrialization and urbanization, the world marine transportation of crude and product oils is being gradually increased. In Korea, we are exposed to the large-scale marine oil spill accidents because a very large oil tanker of 300,000 tonnage must enter Korean Ports every day to meet the domestic demand on oils. Although we are exerting our strength to reduce the probability of marine oil pollution accidents, a unrestorable oil spill is to occur owing to human errors, severe weather conditions, or combined causes. Thus, area contingency plan equipped with appropriate management system for response and restoration for the worst case discharge scenario must be entirely prepared to protect mine environments and coastal resources. In particular, we are focusing on the Environmental Sensitivity Index Map(ESI Map) to reduce the environmental consequences of both spills and clean-up efforts by specifying protection Priorities in advance and identifying in-situ response strategies. In this paper, Korean ESI Map is introduced with brief definition of sensitivity to oiling and main features of the software developed hitherto.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2017.11a
• /
• pp.3-4
• /
• 2017

해양오염사고를 표시하는 기존의 방법은 사고의 위치를 점으로 표시하는 방법, 사고의 빈도나 규모를 해도에 영역(Heat map)으로 표시하는 방법, 사고정보를 코드화하여 그래프로 표시하는 방법, 그리고 사고의 위험도를 평가하여 해도에 구획을 정하여 해당 구획의 위험도를 표시하는 방법 등이 해양사고 관련 연구나 분석에 주로 이용되어 왔다. 하지만, 이런 기존의 사고표시방법은 정보를 제한적으로만 표시할 수 있어, 종합적인 사고정보를 전달하기에는 한계가 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 해양오염사고의 정보를 효율적으로 이용 및 전달하기 위해 기름유출사고를 시각화하여 압축적으로 표현할 수 있는 방안에 대하여 연구하였다.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2007

선박의 해난에 의한 해양오염사고 발생시, 해양경찰은 민관 방제세력의 동원 및 방제조치, 방제지원시스템을 운용 등을 통하여 신속하고 체계적인 방제전략을 수립 시행함으로써, 사고로 인한 해양환경 피해를 최소화하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2006년 7월 전북 군산시 새만금방조제 인근 해상에서 침몰한 700톤급 준설선 GA-P1 호에 대한 선체인양 및 해양오염사고 처리 과정에서 방제지원시스템을 이용한 대응 사례이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.359-362
• /
• 1984

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of cooking methods of boiling and frying on the removal of mercury from vegetables. Garand chrysanthemums and the leaves of young radishes contained 0.23 and 0.15 ppm of mercury, respectively. When they were boiled, the content of the mercury decreases to 78 percent in garland chrysanthemums and 73 per cent in radish leaves. When they were fried, the content of the mercury decreases to 69 percent in garland chrysanthemums and 60 percent in radish leaves. After the vegetables were exposed to 0.11 ppm of mercury dichloride for 2 hours, the raw garland chrysanthemums and the raw young radish leaves were contaminated with 6.65, 6.10 ppm of mercury, respectively. When the vegetables were boiled after this contamination, the mercury was dissolved and. melted out about 10.0%, however, when the vegetables were fried the mercury was dissolved and melted out about $12{\sim}24%$. When the vegetables were exposed to 1.0 ppm of mercury dichloride, the raw garland chrysanthemums was contaminated with 10.79 ppm of mercury and the radish leaves 10.83 ppm of mercury. The mercury was dissolved and melted out about 10-20% and 10-30% when the vegetables were boiled and fried, respectively. From these results, it can be suggested that frying is more effective cooking method than boiling for the elimination of mercury from its contaminated foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.257-264
• /
• 2011

On April 20, 2010, semi-submersible offshore drilling unit Deepwater Horizon was exploded and sank, and 4.9 million barrels(about 778 thousand tons) of crude oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. As more than one year has been passed since the incident, a lot of investigation reports and lessons learned have been made public and also a lot more will be released soon. This paper studies the final report of the National Commission on "the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling", which was organized by the executive directive of U.S. President Barack Obama, and the interim report of Joint Investigation team of U.S. Coast Guard and BOEMRE of "Report of Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Explosion, Fire, Sinking and Loss of Eleven Members Aboard the Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Deepwater Horizon". The review is focused on the response to the oil spill. And the paper suggests how to improve national marine pollution response policy. In the paper, the Korean governments is suggested to reinforce the capability for instructing and supervising the responsible party's source control measures, to review how to introduce in-situ burning and vessel of opportunity program into our country, and to continue monitoring on the progress of developments of R&D projects related to oil spill response in the U.S..