• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.147-165
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• 2008

Since 2000, e-commerce has been increased continuously in its quantity and quality. The growth of e-commerce has resulted in some diversities of distribution channels, and its characteristics of not-spot trading and limited market scale has urged the on-line market to play a role of assistance to off-line market. e-Commerce causes not only the flow of forward logistics, but also that of reverse logistics with every purchasing, which is a very critical factor to hesitate for consumers to purchase the products as well as increase the price of the products. Concern about the reverse logistics by sellers and buyers influences the level of price and purchasing activity of consumers. This study firstly is to lift the awareness of the efficient control of reverse logistics with reviewing the recent change of logistics environment and phenomena of reverse logistics. Secondly we find the factors generating the reverse logistics and look into its questions, and thirdly offer not only the ways to minimize the phenomena of reverse logistics, but also a efficient control system for reverse logistics. We additionally aim to contribute to prevent the price of the products from rising and raise the customers' satisfaction through minimizing the phase of reverse logistics.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.83-124
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• 2015

Currently, infertility and artificial insemination have increased. However, there is no detailed legislation about this. In this study, I'll consider the legal status of artificial insemination child. Through the examination of the overseas legislation, we may get the reference of the future legislation. If we consider the increasing of infertility, artificial insemination should be allowed. And due to the well-being of artificial insemination child, such as the United States and France, the artificial insemination child should be regarded the legal child of the infertile couples. When the contradiction between the subject's basic rights has occurred, we need to consider the welfare of the child preferentially. Because the artificial insemination child has no selection of opportunity in birth, unlike adults who select the artificial insemination in their own free will. The development of biotechnology should be for the treatment of human. But creation and improvement of human must be prohibited. In addition, the social investigation of recognition about A.R.T. and general public administrative legal regulation should be made. There is a need for balanced discipline through a multi-disciplinary research. This study may be providing a legal interpretation criteria of other biotechnology researches.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2017

Patients diagnosed with the serious disease of cancer may have anxiety and fear of closed spaces while receiving radiation therapy. This study investigated patients receiving treatment based on Linac and Tomotherapy to look into this anxiety and fear. Study method was survey. The survey was performed according to treatment duration (treatment within 5 minutes, 10 minutes, over 20 minutes, and over 30 minutes). The patients were also surveyed about any experience of changing treatment rooms or machines due to machine failure. A total of 200 survey questionnaires with full answers were researched in this study. As a result, it was found that the less the patients' experience on radiation therapy, the higher their anxiety was. The dominating reason for this result was because the patients expected possible pain during the treatment process. In terms of treatment machine, Linac showed the highest anxiety of all for the openness of its patient stand. The most stable status was found in the case of treatment between 20 minutes and 30 minutes using Tomotherapy. The reason was the coziness of Tomotherapy machine. In the case of receiving the treatment for over 30 minutes, patients felt anxious for the isolation from the outside. The study findings are expected to serve as the necessary data for quality medical service with enhanced patient satisfaction in the clinical field.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2016

Objective : The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rehabilitation therapists' general characteristics and job involvement on stress. The subjects of this study were occupational therapists and physical therapists working for long-term hospitals and general hospitals located in K and B cities, South Korea. Methods : The study investigated general characteristics, job stress, and job involvement by using questionnaires. Analysis conducted on total 144 questionnaires excluding 19 questionnaires, which did not satisfy the subject selection criteria. Results : The results show that job involvement had significantly positive correlations with job requirement, job autonomy, relationship conflicts, organization system, inappropriate compensation, job instability, and workplace culture. Secondly, marital status, wage level, and job engagement explained 46.6% of variations in job stress. Conclusion : The study was meaningful in examining the variables influencing the job stress of rehabilitation therapists. We expect that it can be used for improving the job environment of rehabilitation therapists.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Most oil refineries and chemical plants have flare systems designed to mitigate pressure rises in process facilities in case of emergencies that require the release of large amounts of gas due to sudden process shutdowns such as power outages. However, the rise of the flame of the flare system causes civil complaints from residents around the factory due to visible pollution, and economic loss occurs in the company, which requires constant management. In this study, two items were diagnosed and analyzed in order to derive the optimal operation method of flare system. First, to detect the cause of the rise in flame height, the acoustic leak detector was used to check gas leaks in safety valves and pressure control valves. Second, to identify the cause of flame instability, the pulsation phenomenon was diagnosed through the CFD simulation and modeling experiments of the sealing drum. By confirming the leak at 4.3% of the safety valve and 10% of the pressure control valve, the cause of abnormal sparking was derived. The information presented in this study can be easily applied to any company that has a flare system, and is expected to prevent complaints and product loss.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2012

Digestive cells of the bivalves have a highly developed lysosomal system and the system is known to be sensitive to changes in environmental qualities. In this study, we measured lysosomal responses of the digestive cells in wild oyster, Crassostrea gigas using frozen section. Oysters were collected in June 2010 from intertidal areas in the inner and outer bay of Gwangyang off the south coast of Korea. From the tissue sections, we measured the digestive cell lysosomal membrane stability (LMS), level of neutral lipids (NL), lipofuscin (LF) and the digestive gland atrophy (DGA). The DGA and condition index of oysters from the inner bay were significantly lower (P<0.05). The statistical test indicated that LMS levels of oysters in the inner bay and the outer bay were not significantly different since a shorter activity was displayed by oysters from the inner bay than that of oysters in outer bay. The LF deposition level of the oysters in the inner bay displayed significantly higher levels than the outer bay (P<0.05). In contrast, the NL accumulation measured from oysters in outer bay was significantly higher than the level observed in the inner bay (P<0.05). Different levels of DGA and LF that were observed in the inner and outer bays were thought to be associated to different level of environmental contamination and these two assays are considered to be good biomarkers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.13-22
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the self-efficacy and intention to use for digital health devices by middle-aged and aged groups. We conducted the frequency analysis, T-test analysis, and linear regression analysis using the 2019 Korean Senior Technology Acceptance Survey. The analysis results are as follows. First, the group of the middle-aged had higher score of the intention to use for digital health devices than the group of the elderly. Second, the group of the middle-aged group also had higher self-efficacy than the group of the elderly. Lastly, it was found that the relationship between the self-efficacy and intention to use was not significant in the middle-aged group. However, the relationship between the self-efficacy and intention to use in the elderly group had a positive influence. We suggested that the differentiated strategy is needed to promote the utilization of digital health devices for middle-aged and aged. This study is expected to be a fundamental study of digital health devices and suggest the research model including the usefulness, ease of use, and anxiety.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.1-18
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• 2009

Recently the demand for civil protection and security guards shows rapid growth by the social development and improve the quality of life. However the supply and education system have some limitations in spite of the high demand guard-secretary. The main role of secretaries has been to accompany superiors in order to maintain their dignity or trait. However, the secretaries are required to play additional roles of safety managers such as a security manager, a protocol manager, an intelligence manager and a protective driver in order to overcome the domestic and the international safety environment and to elevate the quality of service as a competitive work. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyse current situation of curriculum on security guard training at the universities related to this department, and to seek an educational model for this area. For that, the following questions will be examined. First, Do the professional training organizations meet social demand for the body and security guards? Second, What kind of training has to be provide for the body and security guards? and what the qualifications of the trainers? Then, what are the differences in training courses between private organizations and universities? Is there differences in the job placement among the trainers of private organizations and universities? etc.. In summary to meet the social demand common curriculum for the body and security guard will be drawn from the analyses of diverse training organizations with different training courses in contents, training periods, educational value, and social aim. For the scholarly identity to the security and secretary studies is th following on the core curriculum, then the university curriculum is very important for that. It is need to arrange the curriculum that is actually current at College or University for the suggestions on scholarly identity and development of the security and secretary studies.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2015

Critical pathway (CP) defines the optimal care process, sequencing and timing of intervention by multidisciplinary health care teams for a particular diagnosis and procedure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness and the satisfaction of patients and dental staff after implementation of a critical pathway for the dental treatment of disabled children and adolescents under conscious sedation. Thirty patients are divided in two groups (Pre-CP and CP) at the department of Pediatric Dentistry of Pusan National University Dental Hospital. The satisfaction levels of patients/guardians and the staff members were collected by survey questionnaire. The parents' satisfaction was significantly improved after the implementation of CP. Also, medical/dental staff members were highly satisfied with its usefulness. The application of a critical pathway for disabled children and adolescents might be useful and improve the satisfaction of the parents and medical/dental staff members.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.399-406
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of wearing roller shoes and jogging shoes on kinematic characteristics in lower extremity during walking. Eight male middle school students(age: $15.0{\pm}0.0^{\circ}$ yrs, height $175.9{\pm}6.6cm$, weight: $616.3{\pm}84.9$ N) who have no musculoskeletal disorder were recruited as the subjects. Temporal parameters, step length, stride length, center of mass, velocity of CM, angle of segment, angular velocity and range of motion were determined for each trial. For each dependent variable, paired t-test was performed to test if significant difference existed between shoe conditions(p < .05). The results showed that stride length and velocity of CM in wearing roller shoes were significantly less than those found in wearing jogging shoes. These indicated that walking patterns may be changed by different shoe conditions and unstable braking condition because of wheel. Angle of ankle joint at LHC1 and LHC2 in wearing roller shoes was greater than the corresponding value for wearing jogging shoes. It seems that the ankle joints are locked in an awkward fashion at the heel contact to compensate for imbalance. Otherwise, dorsi flexion was not produced at the heel contact point in wearing roller shoes.