• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the relationship between gastric emptying, psychopathology(especially anxiety and depression), and various factors that can mediate stress and response, such as coping style, social support and level of perceived stress. Methods : A total 30 patients who complained of the non-ulcer dyspepsia and did not have any abnormal finding on the gastroduodenal endoscopic examination, 24 hour ambulatory esophageal manometry and conventional gastroesophageal manometry were tested with gastric emptying that would be a functional examination of stomach. The correlations between the gastric emptying and psychological vaiable such as quantity of perceived stress, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision(SCL-90-R), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Spielberger Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), Ways of Coping Checklist and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List were evaluated. Results : 1) The mean and standard deviation of the time for half of the meal to empty(T50%) was $118.50{\pm}23.64$ minute which showed no gastric stasis in terms of gastric emptying test. 2) There were significant positive correlations between T50% and the state anxiety, T50% and thedepression. 3) There was no significant correlation between T50% and the quantity of perceived stress, T50% and mediating factors(coping style and social support). Conclusion : These results suggested that psychopathology, especially emotional components such as depression and anxiety, could affect on the current physiological functional gastric activity(gastric emptying), but quantity of perceive stress and mediating factors of stress and response such as coping style and social support could not affected on the functional gastric activity. These results showed that psychological interventions should considered in management of the patients with functional dyspepia.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 2016

Functional dyspepsia is one of the most common bowel disorders as prevalent of 7.7% Korean population. The cardinal manifestations include bothersome postprandial fullness, early satiation, epigastric burning or pain. These features are chronic and should be presented recurrently with no other compatible organic disease to explain the symptoms. Even though it is not life-shortening, functional dyspepsia usually make the health-related quality of life worse especially if other functional bowel disorder coexist. The coexistence of functional bowel disorders is called as 'overlap syndrome'. Anxiety, somatization and insomnia is more prevalent in overlap syndrome compared with sole functional bowel disorder. Therefore, it is worthwhile that physician interviews and elucidates whether the dyspeptic patient had other kinds of functional bowel disorders, and manages the underlying psychotic pathology. Placebo effect is large in functional dyspepsia, and there is only four kinds of prokinetics that is proven to be superior to placebo. Adverse events relating prolonged administration of prokinetics sometimes fatal or irreversible, physician willing to describe prokinetics should be familiar to the possible adverse effects and the relating risk factors. Pathologic acid reflux is not uncommon in functional dyspepsia, and acid-suppressant is equivalent to the prokientics in most of dyspeptic patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.130-139
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• 2007

The disaster from functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) has detrimental impact on the quality of life of the affected population. There are, however, rare diagnostic methods for FGID. Our research group identified recently that the gastrointestinal tract well of the patients with FGID became more rigid than that of healthy people when palpating the abdominal regions overlaying the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of the current study is, therefore, to identify feasibility of a diagnostic system for FGID based on ultrasound technique, which can quantify the characteristics above. Two-dimensional finite difference (FD) models (one normal and two rigid models) were developed to analyze the reflective characteristic (displacement) on each soft-tissue layer responded after application of ultrasound signals. Based on the results from FD analysis, the ultrasound system for diagnosis of the FGID was developed and clinically tested via application of it to 40 human subjects with/without FGID who were assigned to Normal and Patient Groups. The results from FD analysis showed that the maximum displacement amplitude in the rigid models (0.12 and 0.16) at the interface between the fat and muscle layers was explicitly less than that in the normal model (0.29). The results from actual specimens showed that the maximum amplitude of the ultrasound reflective signal in the rigid models $(0.2{\pm}0.1Vp-p)$ at the interface between the fat and muscle layers was explicitly higher than that in the normal model $(0.1{\pm}0.0Vp-p)$. Clinical tests using our customized ultrasound system showed that the maximum amplitudes of the ultrasound reflective signals near to the gastrointestinal tract well for the patient group $(2.6{\pm}0.3Vp-p)$ were generally higher than those in normal group $(0.1{\pm}0.2Vp-p)$. These findings suggest that our customized ultrasound system using the ultrasound reflective signal may be helpful to the diagnosis of the FGID.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

In order to verify the effects of Dioscorea Rhizoma on gastrointestinal damages, we investigated the protective role of the crude extracts on induced gastric ulceration in rats. Rats administered of Dioscorea Rhizoma extracts showed gradually decreased congestion and hemorrhage, but control group did not show any symptom in gastric tissue. Moreover, Dioscorea Rhizoma extract had a role in lowering gastrin and histamine levels in gastric ulcer rats, thereby inhibiting the gastric tissue damages. Excessive production of malondialdehyde shown in gastric ulcer rats was declined in all rats administered with Dioscorea Rhizoma extract as well as the levels of SOD and GPX surged by acute gastric ulcer. Also, the increased activity of CAT showed an effect in activation of antioxidant enzyme to normal state. All data suggest that Dioscorea Rhizoma extract was verified to be highly effective resource in improving the gastrointestinal function of rats by preventing from gastric tissue damage in acute gastric ulcer and restoring the activities of plasma substances and antioxidant enzymes.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.794-801
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• 2018

Objectives: These cases report the benefits of administration of Banhasasim-tang extracts or decoctions to patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders after motor vehicle accidents. Methods: The patients were treated with Banhasasim-tang extract or decoction three times daily. History-taking and imaging tests were used to differentiate other diseases. We evaluated the patients using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), which is used to assess overall gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: Treatment with herbal medicine resulted in a decrease in the patients' complaints of symptoms. The GSRS scale showed improvement in all four cases. Conclusions: Banhasasim-tang, regardless of its form, has beneficial effects in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders after motor vehicle accidents.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.208-214
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to present two case reports on the treatments of psoriasis who has functional gastrointestinal disorder.Methods : We administered herbal medicine to two patients who showed psoriasis with functional gastrointestinal disorder and evaluated the results by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI).Results : After the treatment two patients showed improvements in PASI. PASI of patient 1 changed from 8.8 to 0.8; patient 2 from 7.0 to 0.2Conclusions : The results suggest that herbal medicine can be an effective treatment for psoriasis who has functional gastrointestinal disorder.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.187-196
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to report the effect of oriental treatments for panic disorder with functional gastrointestinal disturbance. Methods : In this case, a 30 year-old female patient has been suffered by panic disorder with functional gastrointestinal disturbance for 10 years. This case can be caused by KanKiUlKyul(肝氣鬱結), KanKiBeomYi(肝氣犯胃) and KanKiSeungBi(肝氣乘脾). We treated the patient with Herbal medication, Cognitive-behavioral therapy and Relaxation therapy. The effects of treatment were measured by GSRS(Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale), BPI(Brief Pain Inventory) and VAS(Visual Analog Scale) Results : As a result of oriental treatments, the symptoms of Panic Disorder with Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance was improved. Conclusions : These results suggest that oriental treatments have an effect on Panic Disorder with Functional Gastrointestinal Disturbance.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.311-320
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• 2016

Kava (Piper methysticum, P. methysticum) is used as traditional herbal medicine for urogenital diseases, rheumatisms, gastrointestinal problems, respiratory irritations, and pulmonary pains. We identified a flavokavain C (FKC) from P. methysticum, which showed anti-inflammatory activity on nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$)-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. FKC inhibited accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, and was able to dose-dependently reduce the LPS-induced NO production and the expression of various inflammation-associated genes (iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6) through inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ and MAPKs (ERK and JNK). In conclusion, these results indicate that FKC may have the potential to prevent inflammation process including NF-${\kappa}B$ and MAPKs pathways, and it could be applicable to functional cosmetics for anti-inflammation and antioxidant properties.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 2010

Antibiotics in veterinary medicine have been used to treat disease, promote growth rate and improve feed efficiency. However, alternative sources are needed because of of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and residues of antibiotics. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of CS682, a fermentation product of Korean soil bacteria, on safety, growth rate and feed efficiency, and to evaluate its value as an alternative for antibiotics used as a feed additive. Two dosages of CS682 (0.1% and 1%) were fed to chickens for 28 days. The results showed that, when compared to chickens in the control group, growth and feed efficiency was improved. Also, mortality, hematology, general clinical signs and necropsy were examined. Chickens in the treatment groups showed no adverse effects. A total of 72 weaning pigs were used to confirm the effects of CS682 at one dose level (0.1%) regarding feed efficiency. Supplementation with 0.1% CS682 also resulted in improved weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. Based on these results, CS682 may be effective in improving feed efficiency safely as a feed additive.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2014

GRAS probiotics can be used to modulate intestinal microbiota and to alleviate various gastrointestinal disorders. In several recent studies, researchers have explored the potential expansion and usability of probiotics to reduce the risk factors associated with diseases, including obesity, hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, and oxidative stress. In this review, our aim was to clarify the mechanism underlying interactions between hosts (animal or human) and probiotics and the beneficial effects of probiotics on human health.