• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to make people acknowledge the danger of the air terror and provide measures to prevent a recurrence of the accident and find required security. Also, the air terror is categorized into aircraft and airport and take steps to come up with preventive measures against the air terror by finding a countermeasure and precaution. The following steps should be checked to take precautionary measures against the air terror. major security crackdown and the need for a further security check should be conducted to prevent terrorists from boarding the aircraft, security around the airport needs to be tightened up by training the airport workers and promoting emergency situations, airport sheriffs and armed guards should be on patrol for the safety of the cabin, new measures of efficient security for in and around the airport and its facilities should be set up to tighten up security of baggage.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 1999

The immobilization of nitrifier consortium was carried out for the application to recirculating aquaculture system(RAS). The abilities of $NH_4^+$-N removal by immobilized nitrifier consortia prepared with boric acid treated, ethanol treated, ad freezing-thawing treated PVA beads at the concentration 15% were examined. To identify the possibility of applying the beads in the fluidized bed reactor, characteristics of beads were evaluated. The suitable bead was boric acid treated beads which had highest ammonia removal rate of 16.09 g/$m^3$/day. It took 12 days for nitrifier consortium immobilized beads to be stable for the removal of $NH_4^+$-N. Life spans of the beads were more than three months with aggressive aeration in the fluidized ed reactor when nitrifier consortia immobilized in PVA beads were used. In order to apply the nitrifier consortium immobilized beads to aquaculture facility, the continuous reactor was used for 49 days with synthetic aquacultural water containing 2 mg/L ammonia. The highest ammonia removal rate of 31.87 g/$m^3$/day was observed when hydraulic residence time was 0.6 hour(36min.).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.217-221
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• 2002

Callus induction and embryogenesis were studied in three different genotypes of Acanthopanax senticosus, to develop a protocol for somatic embryogenesis and acclimatization. Young leaf, stem, node, petiole, peduncle, flower and root explants were collected from 3-year old trees of A. senticosus accessions (Korea, Russia and Japan). Callus was obtained from all cultured explants but showed the higher rate of callus formation in flower cultured. For the three A. senticosus accessions, callus was well formd on MS media containing 2mg/ l of 2,4-D and 2mg/ l of TDZ, 4mg/ l of 2,4-D and 1mg/ l of TDZ than other treatments. For three A. senticosus accessions, when callus transferred to MS medium with 2,4-D, embryogenic cell formed. For A. senticosus accessions Korea, embryogenic cells were obtained on callus induced from petiole, stem, node and root explants, and induction rate was lower than 3%. 200mg of embryogenic callus was transferred to MS free liquid medium and somatic embryos of heart stage were obtained after 45days of culture. When somatic embryo of germination stage were transferred to solid medium, most of the embryos were regenerated into plantlets on 1/4 MS medium. Normal plants with both shoots and roots were transferred to greenhouse soil and were successfully acclimatized.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.301-307
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• 2012

IPP isomerase (Iso) and Limonene synthase (Limo) are important enzymes in terpenoids biosynthesis pathway. The wild type and each metabolically engineered (Iso and Limo) transgenic spearmint (Mentha spicata Linne) plants were compared for their growth patterns and the contents of essential oil in in vitro culture media. The profile of terpenoid metabolites was obtained from the essential oil of the metabolically engineered transgenic spearmint, which was extracted using a modified SDE method, by GC-MS analysis. The growth of wild spearmint was more profuse in B5 culture medium than in other media. Significant differences in leaf and root growth patterns were observed between metabolically engineered transgenic and wild type spearmint plants. The leaves of the transgenic spearmint plants were slightly elongated but were dramatically narrower than those of wild type spearmints. The content of essential oil of transgenic spearmint was different slightly depending on the target terpenoid genes. The content of essential oils in Limo transgenic plants was higher than that of Iso, except for transgenic plant in B5 medium. The transgenic spearmint produced more terpenoids than the wild type. Iso spearmint extracts showed eleven terpenoids and a phenylpropane, while Limo spearmint extracts contained nine terpenoids. However, extracts from the wild type showed the presence of only four terpenoids.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.190-194
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• 2012

Shoot tips of chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) were cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L BA to produce micro-tubers in vitro. To stimulate the formation of shoots and micro-tubers, and produce large micro-tubers, the sections of micro-tubers were cultured on MS media with BA and IAA. The shoot multiplication, and the micro-tuber formation and growth were very effective on the media containing 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5~1.0 mg/L IAA. Sucrose added to MS medium with 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L IAA to stimulate more micro-tuber growth. The medium added 50 g/L sucrose was very effective in the increase of plant fresh weight and micro-tuber growth. After 4 weeks' culture of micro-tuber sections on the medium with 2.0 mg/L BA, 0.5 mg/L IAA and 50 g/L sucrose, the liquid media were added into the same vessels. The micro-tuber growth was stimulated remarkably by the addition of liquid medium. The addition of 25 $m{\ell}$ liquid medium containing 10 g/L activated charcoal, 3x MS salts and 250 g/L sucrose was the most effective in micro-tuber growth.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.241-244
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• 2000

Continuous $H_2$ production from CO and water was studied in a trickle bed reactor(TBR) using Rhodopspedomonas palustris P4. To achieve high cell density, R. palustris P4 were cultivated by a fed-batch culture mode under chemoheterotrophic and aerobic condition, and final cell concentration was 13 g/L. TBR could provide sufficient residence time for CO to contact with cell suspension circulating TBR. The maximum CO uptake rate was found to be 16 mmol/L/hr at gas retention time of 50 min and CO partial pressure of 0.4 atm. In our correlation of the experimental data with mathematical model of TBR, the TBR operation with P4 was found to be lie in an intermediate state between mass transfer limitation and kinetic limitation. Due to the high cell density as well as hydrogen production activity in this study, TBR operation showed a superior performance to other previous reports on microbial hydrogen production.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2000

To investigate the function of chloroplast small HSP, transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun) that constitutively overexpress the chloroplast small HSP (NtHSP21) from N. tabacum cv. Petit Havana SR1 were generated. Five homozygous lines of transformants showing different constitutive expression levels of the NtHSP21 were selected. To determine whether constitutive overexpression of NtHSP21 protein affects thermotolerance, wild-type and transformants were grown in Petri dishes, heat-stressed at 52$^{\circ}C$ for 45 min, and then incubated in normal growth condition. When heat-stressed wild-type plantlets were incubated at $25^{\circ}C$, leaf color gradually became white and all trio plantlets finally died within a week. As for the transformants, however, more than 70% of them remained green and survived under the conditions in which all the wild-type plants were dying. It was also found that the levels of NtHSP21 were correlated with the degree of thermotolerance. These results suggest that the NtHSP21 protein in transformants is responsible for the increase in thermotolerance.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.189-194
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• 2003

Contamination of bacterial infection is one of serious problems in in vitro culture system of root crops. From the contaminated tubes over 140 of petiole cultures of Pinellia ternata, a medicinal plant, 4 genera 8species 48 strains of bacteria, including Aeromonas and Pseudomonas, were isolated and identified and another 8 strains were not fully identified. Most of them were motile Gram positive bacteria as in common in early stage of in vitro cultures. Six strains of bacteria, 5 of Gram negative, including Enterobacter, and 1 of Gram positive, were identified from the embryonic axes cultures of tea plant. From the susceptibility test to pre-screened 5 antibiotics, all of the bacteria except for 2 species of Pseudomonas were susceptible to cefotaxime 60∼100mg/L. While 60mg/L erythromycin only was effective to Pseudomonas. Combination of erythromycin 20mg/L and cefotaxime 60mg/L totally suppressed the growth of all bacterial strains tested. Susceptibility test of bacteria from tea embryonic axes cultures showed similar results. Combination of erythromycin 35mg/L and cefotaxime 60mg/L was effective to 15 bacterial strains and partially effective to 1 unidentified.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.235-238
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• 2015

Adventitious buds were obtained from isolated cotyledons cultured on MS medium with various concentrations of 6-benzylamino purine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ). The highest numbers of adventitious buds were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L BA. Experimental culturing with half the petiole portion and half with the terminal segments were grown on MS medium contained with 0.2 mg/L BA. Frequency of the adventitious bud induction was variable accordingly to the type of cultured explants. Explants with the half petiole showed the highest adventitious bud induction rate (80%) compared to explants of half with terminal segment (20%). An elongated shoot from the buds and growth of advent roots were both possible on the 1/2 MS medium without a plant growth regulator. These results offer an effective way in which clonal propagation can be accomplished.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.355-359
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the factors affecting seed germination of Korean native orchids, such as Habenaria radiata, Bletilla striate and Cypripedium macranthum. In general, seeds of H. radiata was effectively germinated on solid medium and the highest germination (29.6%) was achieved on Hyponex solid medium. But shoot growth was better in MS liquid medium containing $100mL\;L^{-1}$ coconut water (MSC medium). Seed germination of B. striata was effectively induced on MS solid medium. However, no seed germination was observed in all liguid medium tested. Seed germination experiments of C. macranthum were performed using 6 kinds of media and seeds harvested 90 days after cross- and self-pollination. Cross-pollinated seeds were germinated on all the media with the best germination ratio of 4.45% on MSC medium. But no germination was observed from self-pollinated seeds.