• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.269-279
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate if a positive psychological-based music therapy program for gambling addicts' families, causes explicit or implicit attitude change towards gambling addicts. The study focused on families with gambling addicts, who use counseling centers for gambling addiction, or participate in GAM-ANON (GA). The experimental group (n=11) participated in 8 sessions of a positive psychology-based group music therapy program, and the control group (n=8) participated in 8 sessions of personal counseling, or GA family gatherings. To confirm treatment effectiveness, the attitude towards the family relationship, was measured by the explicit (Family Relation Scale) and Implicit Association Task (IAT) methods. Additionally, change in emotions including and anger (PANAS, HBDIS), was measured. Results of the study showed that positive emotions increased significantly, in the positive psychotherapy-based music therapy group compared, to the control group. However, in the treatment group with implicit attitudes, the rate of association of negative words with families accelerated significantly, suggesting that gambling addicts' families may have higher negative emotions. For the future, we discussed the necessity of providing a treatment program, that can directly lead to changes in attitudes of family members of gambling addicts.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2011

On 1 July 2000, as the over-65 year-old population numbered 3,371,000 and accounted for over 7.1% of Korea's total population, an aging society was revealed. The over-65 percentage climbed to 11.0% by late 2010. A truly aged society is expected soon, by 2019. This aging society requires marketing research concerning the consumer behaviour and well-being of the elderly, because the 'silver generation' is emerging as a large part of the consumer market. The purpose of this study is to empirically analyse one effect among several satisfaction factors in the consuming cycle of various health functional products on consumer's well-being and the effect of product knowledge on the relationship between product satisfaction and well-being. To achieve this purpose, we established a research model after reviewing previous studies on product satisfaction, product knowledge, and consumer's well-being. The following hypotheses were developed from the research model. Hypothesis 1: When elderly consumers' satisfaction with health functional products increases, their well-being will increase. Hypothesis 2: The effect of their satisfaction with health functional products on their well-being will be strengthened according to the level of their knowledge of the products. Those hypotheses were tested by multiple and moderated regressions to the empirical data through a questionnaire survey. As a result, Hypothesis 1 was totally adopted, and Hypothesis 2 was only partially adopted. The study has many practical implications for well-being marketing. First, in order to heighten the elderly consumer's well-being, the level of his or her satisfaction with the health functional products has to be raised in every stage: during the acquisition, preparation, use, maintenance, and disposition of the consumption cycle. Moreover, promoting positive emotional experiences while diminishing negative ones requires effort because a consumer's well-being is made up of various needs. Second, the marketing of health functional products should be invigorated in order to raise the level of elderly consumers' knowledge of them. In other words, it is important to give them an expertise in the health functional products through different channels. A statistical analysis showed, however, that their knowledge has a decisive effect on only two satisfaction stages, preparation and maintenance. Nevertheless, this merely confirmed the intuitive assumption that the knowledge of health functional products is most relevant to their preparation and maintenance. In conclusion, this study is timely because few empirical studies exist on the relationships between silver consumer behaviour and well-being marketing. It contributes to our understanding of this subject by revealing the causality between the silver consumer's satisfaction and his or her well-being in the consumption cycle and by discovering the moderating influence of knowledge in that process.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.85-101
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• 2015

In this study, it is explored the effect of fashion therapy on depression, positive emotion, negative emotion, appearance interest, body satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy of female patients. Eight cancer patients and 12 general patients participated in the 4-week fashion therapy program. When comparing results before and after the fashion therapy, depression and negative emotions were significantly decreased while positive emotions and self-efficacy were significantly increased. There was no significant influence on appearance interest, body satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. In group comparison, significant changes were observed in depression, positive emotion and negative emotion regardless of groups. However, cancer patients indicated a significant improvement in self-efficacy compared to general patients who did not whereas patients with a high level of depression showed a significant enhancement on body satisfaction compared to patients with a low level of depression. Also, patients with a low level of pain indicated a significant improvement on self-esteem and self-efficacy compared to patients with a high level of pain. Perceived effect and satisfaction of the fashion therapy were relatively high. Study results may positively contribute to building a knowledge and experimental base of fashion therapy that is widely applicable to diverse parties for the future.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the moderating effect of family health on the effect of stress on happiness. To achieve the purpose of this study, data from the Cheongdo Family Happiness Report were analyzed. The Cheongdo Family Happiness Report was conducted from October 13 to November 20, 2020, and a total of 286 family members' data were used for the final analysis. As a result of this study, stress was 2.77, and family healthy was 3.61. Happiness was 7.54, a sub-factor of happiness, life satisfaction was 5.25, positive emotion was 5.11, and negative emotion was 2.82. And Stress was found to have a negative effect on happiness, and family healthy was found to have a moderating effect on the effect of stress on happiness. Based on these results, this study proposes to consider family healthy in stress management programs and develop evidence-based family health programs to improve the happiness of local residents.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.3-16
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• 2021

Studies have found that people with higher social status pay little attention to other people's emotions and facial expressions. However, only a few studies have made similar observations on adolescents with high cyberspace social status. Therefore, this study sought to identify how adolescents with different online game character social statuses interpreted the smile emoticons in negative and positive situations, that is, did they perceive the emoticon to be positive (smile, encouragement, and consolation) or negative (derision, ridicule, and sarcasm). In Experiment 1, the participants were separated into three groups; those who had a lower than global average online game character status, those who had the same as the global average, and those who had higher than the global average. The participants were then asked to judge the meaning of the smile emoticon received in various positive or negative situations. In Experiment 2, the game character levels of the participants were set to be either higher or lower than the others' characters, and they were again asked to judge the meaning of the smile emoticon received in the positive or negative situations. In Experiment 3, the participants were separated into four groups; lower level than the average game character status (no information on the level of acquaintance's game character), lower than the average but higher than the character of the other, higher than the average status (no information on the other's character level), and higher than the average but lower than the character of the other, and asked to judge the meaning of the smile emoticon in positive or negative situations. It was found that when participants had a lower-level character compared to the average, had a lower-level character than the other, and had higher than the average but lower than the other's character, they interpreted the smile emoticon as derision, ridicule, or sarcasm. However, participants with higher level characters, higher than that of the other, and lower than the average but higher than the other interpreted the emoticon as a smile or consolation. This study was significant because it demonstrated the impact of an adolescent's social cyberspace status on their online communication.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.577-585
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• 2020

This study examined the influence of early childhood teacher's emotional expressiveness and play teaching efficacy on children-teacher interactions. The subjects of the study were 272 early childhood teachers. The instruments were the Emotional Expressiveness Scale, Play Teaching Efficacy Scale, and Children-teacher Interaction Scale. The SPSS 22.0 program was used to analyze the results of this study, and the data were analyzed through frequency and percentage, Pearson's probability correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows. First, there was a positive correlation among positive emotional expressiveness, which is a subcategory of emotional expressiveness, play teaching efficacy, and children-teacher interaction of early childhood teachers. On the other hand, there was a negative correlation with negative emotional expressiveness, which is a subcategory of emotional expressiveness. Second, children-teacher interactions of early childhood teachers were influenced by their emotional expressiveness and play teaching efficacy. In conclusion, this study revealed a significant correlation between the emotional expression of early childhood teachers, play teaching efficacy, and the children-teacher interaction, and that both variables were factors influencing the children-teacher interactions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2023

In this study, we assessed how participants represent various sensory stimuli experiences through behavioral ratings and physiological measurements. Utilizing intersubject correlation (ISC) analysis, we evaluated whether individuals' affective responses of dominance, arousal, and valence differed when stimuli of three modality conditions (auditory, visual, and haptic) were presented. ISC analyses were used to measure the similarities between one participant's responses and those of the others. To calculate the intersubject correlation, we divided the entire dataset into one subject and all other subject datasets and then correlated the two for all possible stimulus pair combinations. The results revealed that for dominance, ISCs of the visual modality condition were greater than the auditory modality condition, whereas, for arousal, the auditory condition was greater than the visual modality. Last, negative valence conditions had the greater consistency of the participants' reactions than positive conditions in each of the sensory modalities. When comparing modalities, greater ISCs were observed in haptic modality conditions than in visual and auditory modality conditions, regardless of the affective categories. We discussed three core affective representations of multiple modalities and proposed ISC analysis as a tool for examining differences in individuals' affective representations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.423-431
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to survey Chinese university students taking a required taekwondo course, with a goal to understand the impact of motives for participating in required university physical education courses on the subjective sense of well-being of the students. To achieve this end, the current study selected 256 students participating in a required taekwondo course in a university located in Shaanxi Province, China, as final effective samples. SPSS 22.0 was used to process the data, and the analysis results are as follows: First, Chinese university students' motives of participating in required physical education courses were positively correlated with their subjective well-being. More specifically, cognitive motivation, intellectual motivation, and social motivation, in that order, had significant correlation with positive emotions. Second, intellectual motivation was found to have a positive correlation with sense of satisfaction in life, while cognitive motivation had a negative correlation with sense of satisfaction in life. Third, intellectual and cognitive motivations were found to influence positive emotions, but social motivation was found not to have an influence on all areas of subjective sense of well-being. In addition, intellectual, cognitive, and social motivations were found not to have an influence on negative emotions.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.151-162
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• 2022

Recently, contests for college students have emerged as an important factor in employment through self-development, and parents' psychological control on college students can prevent the development of autonomy by suppressing decisions and expressions without helping their children become independent. Therefore, this study aims to find out how the parental psychological control perceived by college students affects the motivation to participate in the contest through self-determination. As a result of the study, first, it was found that the psychological control of separation anxiety of parental psychological control negatively affects only the competence among self-determination. Second, it was found that achievement-oriented parental psychological control had a negative effect on all factors of self-determination. Third, it was found that among self-determination factors, competence had a positive effect on pleasure, financial reward, and recognition of others, and a negative effect on a sense of accomplishment. Fourth, it was found that the relationship among self-determination factors had a positive effect on pleasure, financial compensation, and recognition of others. The results of this will be used as basic data to understand the motivation of college students to participate in the contest and the psychological control of their parents.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.627-659
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• 2022

This study aimed to translate and validate the Positive and Negative Ex-Relationship Thoughts (PANERT), a scale measuring the positive and negative valence of thoughts about past relationships in early adulthood. For this purpose, PANERT was translated into Korean and the study surveyed on 337 single male and female adults in their 20. Then, the gender difference between major variables was analyzed. After going through item analysis, all twelve original items were used to construct the Korean version of PANERT. The confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) supported the two factors structure of the Korean version of PANERT: positive vs, negative thought content valence. Also, the reliability coefficients of each two factors were all satisfactory. As a result of a correlation analysis, the criterion-related validity of the two sub-factors was good with other related scales(Intrusive rumination scale of K-ERRI, K-DASS-21-D, and K-PANAS-Revised) except for changes of self-perception. Finally, the research model was built to examine the mediating effect of two affect responses(positive and negative) in the relationship between two thought content valences and depression. In this process, the convergence and discriminant validity of the Korean version of PANERT were confirmed and the indirect effect was also confirmed in the structural equation model. In conclusion, the Korean version of PANERT consists of two factors and twelve items in total. Also, it is a reliable and valid tool for measuring the thought content valences in the romantic relationship breakup experience of early adults.