• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of exchange rate and economic business activity on the passengers' demand for international transportation. The demand pattern depends upon the transport vehicles that the global passengers take. The global passengers' demand for transportation is modelled as exchange rate, industrial production and seasonal dummy variables. The seasonality is found in both water and air, but the former is far greater than the latter. All series span the period January 1990 to December 2008. The empirical results of this paper reveal that the income elasticity of sea transport is greater than that of air one, all of which are positive. The study also shows that the exchange rate has an significant impact on the demand for air transport, whereas it is insignificant in water transport. The impulse response function indicates that passengers increase steadily before peaking seven to eight months after the shocks to economic business activity and decline very slowly to its pre-shock level. The air passengers also respond negatively to the shocks in exchange rate and the impacts of exchange rate shock seem to decrease relatively slowly, while the water passengers respond positively after six months. The industrial production shocks remain above equilibrium for more than twenty four months, while the exchange rate shocks remain below equilibrium for more than twenty four months. Boosted by improved economic conditions worldwide, international tourism has recovered faster than expected from the impacts of the global financial crisis and economic recession of late 2008 and 2009. These facts suggest that the demand of global water transport has the high possibility of growing steadily and continuously.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.99-106
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• 2023

글로벌 팬데믹 사태는 항공 수요에 부정적인 영향을 끼치는 요소 중 하나다. 글로벌 팬데믹으로 인해 한국은 2020년과 2021년의 항공 승객 수가 2019년 대비 각각 68.1%와 47% 감소했다. 본 연구는 지난 20여년 동안 발생한 4대 팬데믹 특성을 분석, 전염병의 영향을 연구하는 것을 목표로 한다. SARS, H1N1, MERS 및 COVID-19의 발생기간 동안 한국의 항공 여객 및 화물 수요에 대한 실증 데이터를 활용하여 영향력을 분석한다. 또한 머신러닝 회귀 모델을 구축하여 향후 발생할 다른 전염병 대한 항공 수요를 예측하고자 한다. 연구 결과, 전염병이 항공 운항편수와 승객에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 사실을 발견하였다. 반면화물 수송에는 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 분석 결과를 도출하였다. 본 분석에 활용되는 회귀 모델은 팬데믹 기간 동안 항공수요를 예측하는 데 평균 86.8%의 기능을 보였다. 또한 본 연구는 특정 국가의 팬데믹 상황보다 전 세계적인 팬데믹 상황이 항공 운송 수요에 더 많은 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여준다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.195-215
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• 2011

The purpose of this article is to provide data to be utilized for marketing to attract future container cargo to the Korea-China Car Ferry Service and to estimate container traffic for the development of the International Passenger Terminal to be newly built in the Incheon Southern Port. An analysis of container traffic through the Passenger Terminal of Incheon Port showed that the container throughput of Incheon Port comprised 20% of traffic. The export cargo traffic in the International Passenger Terminal, 71.4%, or 111,698 TEU of 156,284 TEU in total, was brought from metropolitan areas. To increase the container traffic of the car ferry service currently concentrated on the metropolitan areas, more endeavor is required to strengthen marketing competence to attract container traffic to other regions apart from the metropolitan areas as well as provide general services.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.1 s.94
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• pp.81-91
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• 2007

Incheon International Airport (IIAC) has been named "best airport worldwide" according to the AETRA Passenger survey Program that was jointly administered by Airports Council International (ACI) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA) in 2005. This paper identifies eight dimensions underlying the overall service qualify in passenger terminals. These eight elements were found from literature reviews through relevant documents. The research explains the linkage between the overall satisfaction with IIAC and five services that influence that satisfaction. The five services are the following: service quality of passenger terminals, commercial facility services, easy access by transportation, service quality of the airlines, and contributions to the community by IIAC. The data envelopment analysis (DEA) designed by Cook and Kress (CK Model) was used to maximize the efficiency of commercial facility services, easy access by transportation, service qualify of the airlines, and contributions to the community by IIAC because the model best provided practical plans for a more competitive airport. This paper has three significant results. First, it includes research of passenger terminal-oriented service quality. Second, the author researches service qualify focusing on a three-cornered relation among passengers, airline employees, and IIAC. Third, the paper contains research of service quality focusing on IIAC's employees.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.12
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• pp.239-254
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• 1999

There has been a lot of researches on the major motivation of consumer's choice for airlines. Due to the competition in airline industries, most of airlines offer a various level of benefits to customers such as a frequent traveller bonus, a schedule, services in flight including a meal and an entertainment program, a discounted fare and an intangible part of personal service. However, it is very difficult to measure the performance of the customers' benefit and to identify the weight of each factor being considered on the airline choice. In this paper, we focus on the airline choice process for the business travellers. The AHP is applied to evaluate the factors reflecting the business travellers' choice for airlines. This study will be useful to build a marketing plan for the business traveller's market.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.165-170
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• 2021

최근의 코로나19 사태로 관광·항공업계가 극심한 어려움을 겪고 있다. 항공업계의 대안 중 하나는 화물운송이다. 항공사들은 여객수요 급감으로 인한 매출감소 폭을 줄이기 위하여 화물운송 부문을 강화하고 있다. 항공화물운송은 타 운송과 구분되는 제반 특성으로 인하여 시장규모가 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 항공화물운송 대리점(forwarder)은 수출과 수입에 있어서 중요한 역할을 담당하며, 중요한 비즈니스 파트너인 항공사와 수출입자와 우호적인 긴밀한 관계를 구축하고 계속 유지해야 한다. 사회적 교환이론(social exchange theory)은 이러한 관계가 구축되기 위해서는 거래당사자 간의 거래규모나 거래기간, 거래빈도 등의 유형적인 측면도 중요하지만, 신뢰와 몰입, 애착 등의 무형적인 측면의 교환이 선행되어야 한다는 것을 강조한다. 본 연구의 연구목적은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 물류서비스기업의 업무 프로세스를 규명하고 운송기업 및 화주기업과의 사회적 교환행동은 어떻게 이루어지는지 조사한다. 둘째, 이러한 사회적 교환행동이 물류서비스기업의 다양한 경영성과에 얼마나 영향을 미치는지를 분석한다. 셋째, 각 구성원 간의 관계기간에 따라서 이러한 영향력이 달라지는지를 살펴본다. 특히 본 연구는 많은 기존연구에서 구분되었던 신뢰(trust)와 몰입(commitment) 개념을 통합함으로써 연구모형의 간결성(parsimony)과 실용가능성(practicality)을 제고하고자 한다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 운송기업 및 화주기업에 대한 물류서비스기업의 사회적 행동이 신뢰에 기반한 우호적인 관계를 구축하는지, 경영성과에는 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 살펴보고, 관계기간의 조절효과를 규명함으로써 학문적으로나 실무적으로 유용한 시사점을 제공할 수 있으며, 창업 물류서비스기업에 유용한 가이드라인을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.637-647
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• 2020

Airports and civil aviation authorities have recently utilized and expanded the use of biometric technologies to respond proactively against the rapid changes in aviation terrorism due to scientific development. The Global Security Plan (GASeP) developed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is regarded as precondition for sustainable development of the global air transport industry. Thus GASeP has sought to improve aviation security system using biometic technologies. The purpose of this paper is to realize the equivalent access of aviation security system throughout the world with biometric technologies. First, this paper reviewed the current biometric-security system operated by the EU, USA and international society. Second, legal and institutional processes regarding personal biometric information were analyzed to suggest political implications. This paper concluded that ICAO should propose a global standardization and prepare guideline materials among its 193 member states to prevent aviation security breaches and to share related information on a real-time basis because time is required to utilize biometric technology to improve aviation safety and to develop global air transport.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.83-138
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• 2017

Korea-China FTA entered into force on the 20th of December 2015, and one year elapsed after its effectuation as the FTA with China, our country's largest trading partner. Therefore, this study looks at the trends of air transport trade between Korea and China, and examines the contents of concessions to the air transport services sector in Korea-China FTA, and analyzes the impact on the air transport sector by Korea-China FTA, and proposes our country's aviation policy direction in order to respond to such impact. In 2016 the trends of air transport trade between Korea and China are as follows : The export amount of air transport trade to China was 40.03 billion dollars, down by 9.3% from the last year, and occupied 32.2% of the total export amount to China. The import amount of air transport trade from China was 24.26 billion dollars, down by 9.1% from the last year, and occupied 27.7% of the total import amount from China. The contents of concessions to the air transport services sector in Korea-China FTA are as follows : China made concessions to the aircraft repair and maintenance services and the computer reservation system services with limitations on market access and national treatment in the air transport services sector of the China Schedule of Specific Commitments of Korea-China FTA Chapter 8 Annex. Korea made concessions to the computer reservation system services, selling and marketing of air transport services, and aircraft repair and maintenance without limitations on market access and national treatment in the air transport services sector of the Korea Schedule of Specific Commitments of Korea-China FTA Chapter 8 Annex. The impact on the air transport sector by Korea-China FTA are as follows : As for the impact on the air passenger market, in 2016 the arrival passengers of the international flight from China were 9.96 million, up by 20.6% from the last year, and the departure passengers to China were 9.90 million, up by 34.8% from the last year. As for the impact on the air cargo market, in 2016 the exported goods volumes of air cargo to China were 105,220.2 tons, up by 6.6% from the last year, and imported goods volumes from China were 133,750.9 tons, up by 12.3% from the last year. Among the major items of exported air cargo to China, the exported goods volumes of benefited items in the Tariff Schedule of China of Korea-China FTA were increased, and among the major items of imported air cargo from China, the imported goods volumes of benefited items in the Tariff Schedule of Korea of Korea-China FTA were increased. As for the impact on the logistics market, in 2016 the handling performance of exported air cargo to China by domestic forwarders were 119,618 tons, down by 2.1% from the last year, and the handling performance of imported air cargo from China were 79,430 tons, down by 4.4% from the last year. In 2016 the e-commerce export amount to China were 109.16 million dollars, up by 27.7% from the last year, and the e-commerce import amount from China were 89.43 million dollars, up by 72% from the last year. The author proposes the aviation policy direction of Korea according to Korea-China FTA as follows : First, the open skies between Korea and China shall be pushed ahead. In June 2006 Korea and China concluded the open skies agreement within the scope of the third freedom and fourth freedom of the air for passenger and cargo in Sandong Province and Hainan Province of China, and agreed the full open skies of flights between the two countries from the summer season in 2010. However, China protested against the interpretation of the draft of the memorandum of understanding to the air services agreement, therefore the further open skies did not take place. Through the separate aviation talks with China from Korea-China FTA, the gradual and selective open skies of air passenger market and air cargo market shall be pushed ahead. Second, the competitiveness of air transport industry and airport shall be secured. As for the strengthening methods of the competitiveness of Korea's air transport industry, the support system for the strengthening of national air carriers' competitiveness shall be prepared, and the new basis for competition of national air carriers shall be made, and the strategic network based on national interest shall be built. As for the strengthening methods of the competitiveness of Korea's airports, particularly Incheon Airport, the competitiveness of the network for aviation demand creation shall be strengthened, and the airport facilities and safety infrastructure shall be expanded, and the new added value through the airport shall be created, and the world's No.1 level of services shall be maintained. Third, the competitiveness of aviation logistics enterprises shall be strengthened. As for the strengthening methods of the competitiveness of Korea's aviation logistics enterprises, as the upbringing strategy of higher added value in response to the industry trends changes, the new logistics market shall be developed, and the logistics infrastructure shall be expanded, and the logistics professionals shall be trained. Additionally, as the expanding strategy of global logistics market, the support system for overseas investment of logistics enterprises shall be built, and according to expanding the global transport network, the international cooperation shall be strengthened, and the network infrastructure shall be secured. As for the strengthening methods of aviation logistics competitiveness of Incheon Airport, the enterprises' demand of moving in the logistics complex shall be responded, and the comparative advantage in the field of new growth cargo shall be preoccupied, and the logistics hub's capability shall be strengthened, and the competitiveness of cargo processing speed in the airport shall be advanced. Forth, in the subsequent negotiation of Korea-China FTA, the further opening of air transport services sector shall be secured. In the subsequent negotiation being initiated within two years after entry into force of Korea-China FTA, it is necessary to ask for the further opening of the concessions of computer reservation system services, and aircraft repair and maintenance services in which the concessions level of air transport services sector by China is insufficient compared to the concessions level in the existing FTA concluded by China. In conclusion, in order to respond to the impact on Korea's air passenger market, air cargo market and aviation logistics market by Korea-China FTA, the following policy tasks shall be pushed ahead : Taking into consideration of national air carriers' competitiveness and nation's benefits, the gradual and selective open skies shall be pushed ahead, and the support system to strengthen the competitiveness of air transport industry and airport shall be built, and entry into aviation logistics market by logistics enterprises shall be expanded, and the preparations to ask for the further opening of air transport services sector, low in the concessions level by China shall be made.