• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.30-47
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• 2015

In this study, we introduce the French concept of 'valorisation' of heritage which corresponds to 'utilization(활용)' of heritage in Korea. As interests on the social, economic and identity values of heritage are increasing, it is considered as not only a target of protection and preservation but also an object of utilization. Even though this global transition has been formed quickly, the concepts regarding utilisation of heritage has not been academically founded and its related foreign terms or cases were not studied in depth. In particular, modern cultural heritage requires more attention and researches on the protection and utilization as it represents a relatively large range of utilization but it doesn't have strong protection policies. We justify the needs to introduce the concept 'valorisation' in Korea while analyzing Le Havre case that shows how to promote economic and social values of heritage as well as heritage values from 'local' to 'country' and to 'world'. This case was selected as it allows to identify the meaning of valorisation and heritagization process from modernly rebuilt areas after World War II to World Heritage Site.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.57
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• pp.9-30
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• 2018

The paradigm of existence and recognition was changed in the context of modernity in Choi Han-gi's thought, in which the resource of all things and all affairs was not li but ki and li could be guessed from ki. And there are lis in the sphere of recognition as well as in that of existence in Choi Han-gi's thought, which might be different from traditional thought system such as Neo-Confutionism. li is called Yuhaenguili in his ontological theory and Chucheukuili as one epistemological part. At anyhow there are many lis, which may be approached as the meaning of mechanism, in his philosophy. Besides there are, not only ontologically but also epistemologically, energetic factors, named as Unhwaki, whch are generating, moving, changing and altering. In his Kihak as an ki categorical thought, above all one's experience is of importance. He believed moral act, for example the expose of saving mind that was called Cheukeunjisim by Mencius, could be derived from social experience or contact. And he thought that the recognition of moral act might be achieved by the action of mysterious energy names as sinki of the essence of mind. Like these aspects, all things and all ones have their active, movable, and changeable natures in the sphere of both existence and recognition in Choi Han-gi's thought. In this way he got out of the previous ideas and presented practical and modern way of life to us.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.31
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• pp.263-287
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• 2011

Li-Gu was a Confucianist who criticized traditional 'attend to Righteousness and neglect Profit' idea and insisted that people affirmed 'Proprietiy' and 'Interest', which accorded with human nature and desire. He said that 'Proprieties' was made by adjusting one's material life and natural desire. Therefore, if we want 'Propriety' is manifested itself, we must affirm and satisfy the material life and natural desire first. He asserted that if we didn't follow this, the people's life would be devastated and the nation would face a big crisis. Li-Gu's thought not only gave Wang An Suk's Reformation a theoretical basics, but also attached the new and reformist meanings to 'Propriety', which had been changing meaningless and abstract, by criticizing Songming Confucian School and put great stress on uniting the inside and outside. In this article, through examining Li-Gu's the idea of Righteousness and Profit, King and Ruler, Inside and Outside, we can consider what the real 'Propriety' is and what kind of practical meaning 'Propriety' has.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.50
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• pp.171-200
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• 2016

The full-scaled study of Joseon conducted by Japan in the 1910s was part of its colonial policy, while the native Joseon studies against it contained political aspiration to recover the national rights and independence. Accordingly, the conceptual meaning of 'Joseon' varied according to its subject of speech. The establishment of modern nation-state failed along with the extinction of Korean Empire, but 'Joseon' was newly discovered within national ideology. It became a historical concept in which the experience of the past and the expectation toward the future could be united. The so-called 'Joseon Studies' was only limited to intellectuals in the academic circle, but 'Joseon' embraced the articulations from more various social agents. Furthermore, it is only natural that 'Joseon Studies' should be interpreted within the historical semantics of 'Joseon', considering the connection between concept and discourse. In his The History of Joseon Civilization, An Hwak encompassed the history from the times of ancient mythology to the contemporary times under the banner of 'Joseon'. Opposing Japanese distortion of history carried out in the name of historical positivism, he idealized Joseon history as comparable to that of the Western democracy. He extended the study of 'Joseon' into culture at large, foreshadowing a kind of Joseon philosophy. In his An Overview of Joseon Philosophical Ideas, the first description of 'Joseon philosophy' as an independent field, he proposed philosophy as one of three sources of pride in Joseon and asserted its uniqueness and originality compared to the West. It was an attempt to grasp the peculiarity of Joseon ideas from a perspective of the history of universal human civilization. He considered 'Jong'(倧) as an ideological foundation held from the ancient to the modern times, and the acceptance of Buddhism and Confucianism as beneficial to 'Joseon philosophy'. The birth of 'Joseon philosophy', the modern transformation of the traditional knowledge system, was an intellectual experiment to apply traditional knowledge to the modern disciplinary classification system.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.71-133
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• 2020

The Bank of Korea began its operation on June 12, 1950, with the Bank of Korea Act established a month or so earlier. Thus was first introduced to Korea modern central banking in the real sense of the word. The Bloomfield Mission, consisting of A. Bloomfield and J. Jensen of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, spent about six months drafting a bill, which finally became the Bank of Korea Act. Little has been known yet about the process leading to the creation of the Mission and the historical context surrounding it, except that F. Tamagna of the Federal Reserve Board made in his capacity of the ECA's representative the offer of technical assistance to the Korean government. This paper attempts to dig deeper into relevant historical records and literature to fill these gaps. As it happened, the confrontation between the US and the USSR was accelerating towards the end of 1940s. The paper's new findings include that the Bloomfield Mission was, together with the ECA Mission to Korea, a product of the then US foreign policy (Cold War policy) and that the former Mission's technical assistance was conceived and provided all along as part of the inflation stabilization program pursued by the latter Mission. The Bloomfield Mission was after all a historical necessity. Next, the paper examines the changes added to the bill during its journey to becoming the Bank of Korea Act enacted in May 1950, presenting a review of the Act. The paper further evaluates the Act in terms of legal persistence, finding that the revised Act currently in force still substantially resembles the Act enacted 70 years ago from now. Finally in order is a brief discussion on those factors which seem to have contributed much to such persistence and thus apparent excellence of the Act enacted.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.29
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• pp.33-46
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• 2023

Modern and contemporary cultural assets are defined as a collective term for tangible historical and cultural assets produced in the modern and contemporary period (around the opening of Joseon to the present) in Korea. Among them, rickshaws have been used as a major means of transportation for about 40 years since the opening of the ports in Joseon. The repair process for rickshaws divides the rickshaw into three parts, namely the body, the cover, and the wheels, applying a plaster treatment process by referring to the outcomes of the condition assessment and material analysis for the metal, wood, fiber, and paint used. Overall, the repair process is carried out through dry/wet cleaning, joining, stabilization, reinforcement of damaged parts, and other restoration treatments, which reveal metal decorations and patterns on the scaffolding (flowers, arabesque patterns, etc.) that were previously not observable with the naked eye, while also adding to the stability of the artifact. In addition, props were produced to ensure the artifact's safe exhibition.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.5-40
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• 2021

This study attempts to analyze gender gaps in voter turnout for three different types of elections held since 2017 at the aggregate level using the Central Election Management Commission's turnout data, paying attention to the importance of women's voting. The findings are as follows. First, modern gender gaps in voter turnout at the aggregate level are confirmed in most regions regardless of election types. Second, the gender gap in turnout varies with age. The gender difference is verified in the "widowhood effect," where turnout decreases in the oldest-old. In the new voter group, modern gender gaps appear in most regions. The reversed gender difference in turnout in the late 20s, which reflects the Korean society's characteristics, is confirmed in all elections. Third, it is unclear whether the reverse gender gap in turnout becomes more pronounced in urbanized districts. As urbanization progressed, modern gender differences in voter turnout across age groups are observed at the population-based size level. Paradoxically, the modern gender gap tends to be weak and turns into the traditional gender gap in younger age groups (in the late thirties) in Gangnam-gu and Seocho-gu, the most modernized districts in Seoul. These results show that the modern gender gap in turnout is now a common phenomenon and continues to be strengthened by newly recruited voters in Korea. Thus we should pay more attention to female voters' political behavior and a new approach beyond the developmental theory to understand the causal mechanism to generate the modern gender gap in voter turnout.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.123-136
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• 2023

Upon examining land prices in the eastern district of Gyeongseong, it was observed that there were variations in land prices between the northern and southern areas, with the central part being densely populated with modern facilities such as hospitals, schools, and research institutions. As a result, the eastern district of Gyeongseong was further divided into specific sub-areas, namely the northeastern and southeastern, for a more detailed analysis of the land market in each area. In the northeastern area, factors such as distance from the central area and proximity to planned roads were found to have an impact on land prices. On the other hand, in the southeastern area, the distance between the main road, whice were IHyun Road and Jongro, was identified as a significant influencer of land prices. Therefore, the northeastern area exhibited characteristics of a hinterland, influenced by the concentration of major facilities in the central area, while the southeastern area had a strong commercial orientation, largely shaped by the influence of Jongro as a bustling commercial district. This study is significant in that it sheds light on certain aspects of the modern land market by demonstrating that factors such as accessibility to roads and anchor facilities, as well as the segmentation of the land market, were also influential in the land market a century ago.

• 기호학연구
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• no.57
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• pp.155-176
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• 2018

This article is a study of Karl Marx's manifesto and the reform in donghak for the modality and their symbolism. As a text, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' declaration on the Communist Alliance and the reform program of the peasant Donghak were choose. This Declaration and the Reformation are the works of philosophical practice discourse of the 1800s in this article, which unfolds paradigmatically, deriving its common symbolic meaning in the semiotic sense, and evolving ideologically towards a democracy free of property. In the end, these two historical incident which are published in the contemporary breath, constitute an accusation against a nonhuman policy of surveillance and punishment. Twice a day, the space of the church is transformed into a factory, the act of dividing into two categories by capitalist and work and divorcing by accident is embodied as a social ethic. It is against the phenomenon that the structure of which no man exists is no longer institutionalized. The revolutionary movement aimed at breaking the framework of this hunt manifests itself in the two manifestos mentioned above, and Karl Marx completes the culmination of the utopia that must be achieved through the Declaration of the Communist Alliance by placing his being in the position of "eternal refugee". By choosing to die in his freedom developed during Jeon Bong-joon's trial, he also completes the people's spirit of revolution. In the case of simultaneous exploitation in East and West, the form of oppression is the withdrawal of capital from domination and power, and a new alternative to this is the philosophical context that allows the establishment of a new paradigm with "man is the greatest capital".

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.54
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• pp.273-300
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• 2017

This paper examines the characteristics of the traditional education contents that they have preserved and succeeded based on the recognition of 'Dongdo' by the modern intellectuals, and selects the contemporary contents of traditional education which are worthy of modern succession, It is aimed to categorize by classification and to reconstruct the contents accordingly. For this purpose, I will try to diagnose the problems of modern education and explore the possibilities of traditional ideas represented by Confucianism as a solution to solve and solve these problems. In particular, I will examine the positive and negative perceptions of intellectuals about studying abroad since the modern era, and examine what are the meaningful things to avoid and how to reconstruct the contents of traditional education in a modern way. Through this review, I will establish the principles for the modern reconstruction of the contents of the traditional education and finally discuss the parts that should be emphasized in the modern reconstruction of the contents of the traditional education and the composition of the alternative contents.