• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.8
• /
• pp.467-481
• /
• 2022

What are the implications for us through the discussion on the effect of Germany's dual system of vocational education on the youth unemployment rate? You can find out what kind of evaluation Germany is receiving on the dual system vocational education system implemented based on the 'Vocational Education and Training Act' (Berufsbildungsgesetz), and the specific system establishment form for the industry-academic-government cooperation system. It was possible to present the crises and problems of these systems. Responsibility for the dual system of vocational education in Germany rests with the national and state ministries of education, and private enterprises and chambers of commerce are responsible for business practices. Practical work in a company is conducted through skill-oriented education, and in vocational schools, competency-oriented theoretical education is received. In addition, the necessity and demand for digital vocational and education training in accordance with German Idustrie 4.0 and higher vocational education degree acquisition through dual-degree courses were identified. It can be seen that the youth unemployment rate is the lowest in Europe due to the successful development and utilization of human resources to improve the competitiveness of companies, such as dual vocational education and training (VET) at all levels, higher vocational education at universities, and continuing vocational education programs. Vocational education in Korea will also be able to improve the unemployment rate by establishing a system that allows schools and businesses to conduct vocational education and training simultaneously. In particular, it was possible to judge the necessity of 'close consultation between labor, management, and government', which we consider the most important and should lead to in-depth discussion and cooperation for dual education between vocational schools and companies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.149-158
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of the career guidance counselor system and to explore the challenges of the career guidance counselor system in the future. The results of the study are as follows: First, in the case of the career counseling teacher system, ① The qualifications for career counseling teachers are through regular education and training according to the law. ② After acquiring the qualifications for career advancement counseling, receiving an appointment to become a subject teacher for 'career advancement counseling' is subject to another selection criteria. ③ At least one career counseling teacher must be assigned to each school. ④ The common job of secondary career counseling teachers suggested by the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education consists of 15 items, focusing on the task of overseeing school career education as the head of the career counseling department. are presenting ⑤ The Ministry of Education is using a career guidance model as a guideline for career guidance to be referenced when providing career guidance in secondary schools. Second, the task of the career counseling teacher system is to examine the theoretical basis of the career guidance model presented in the ① Career Guidance Guidelines. ② It is necessary to transform former teachers into career teachers. ③ It is necessary to expand the number of career guidance counselors currently assigned to middle and high schools. ④ It is necessary to expand subject-integrated career education.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.15-31
• /
• 2008

Objective: This study is a quasi-experimental study by nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design, performed in order to identify whether the program developed on the basis of Ajzen(1988, 1991)'s theory of planned behavior (TPB) for predicting the safety behavior of students of department of dental technology affects intention toward safety behavior and general behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify whether the safety education in laboratories in which knowledge is reinforced on the basis of the TPB theory affects safety behavior. Methodology: The theoretical framework of this study was established on the basis of the TPB by Ajzen(1988, 1991). This study was performed between May 20 and December 5, 2006, and the subjects included 101 in the experimental group and 98 in the control group, a total of 199. The experimental group was educated through six 50-minute sessions (twice a week) for three weeks. The experimental group was pretested, educated, and then asked to answer the pro-questionnaire after finishing the sixth session, but the control group was free from intervention. The research tool in this study was developed by the authors with reference to the process of tool development used in Schifter and Ajzen (1985) based on Ajzen and Fishbein(1980)'s tool development guide. Results: The data were analyzed through SPSS 14.0 version. The reliability test of attitude, subjective norm, perceived norm, intention, and behavior toward safety behavior as TPB variables was calculated of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and general characteristics and the homogeneity test of the experimental and the control groups were analyzed through t test and $X^2$ test. According to the results of the analysis, the experiment group may be higher than the control group after the safety education in the scores of attitude, the subjective norm, the perceived norm, and the intention toward safety behavior as TPB independent variables showed no significant difference, but there was significant difference in the behavior and the knowledge. Meanwhile, according to the results of the pretest and posttest, eleven items in the experimental group and two items in the control group showed significant difference in the behaviors, and twelve in the former and four in the latter were significantly different in the knowledge. Conclusion: The safety education program developed on the basis of TPB was identified to enhance safety behavior and knowledge. Therefore, the safety education program used in this study for students of department of dental technology may be utilized as database for safety education in the department of dental technology.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.297-308
• /
• 2019

Air pollution due to the fine dust level updating every day, and the problem of indoor air pollution due to ventilation difficulties and indoor discharge pollutants is also serious. In order to improve the indoor air quality, the air purification effect using the plants is prominent. In this study was started to investigated the living environment of modern people, the risk of indoor air pollution and the improvement function of plants, and to activate plant application. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main functions and design status of domestic and overseas plant - related applications, and to understand the actual use of modern plant applications and to help them learn more convenient plant - related knowledge. Therefore, this paper attempted to establish a basis for suggesting a new plant application by conducting a survey on the health effects of indoor air pollution and user awareness of plant - related applications. The results and contents of the study are as follows. First, as a theoretical review, indoor air pollution is more dangerous to modern people who have a high proportion of indoor living time and adversely affects their health. In order to solve such a problem, it has been shown that air conditioning and stress reduction can be effectively achieved by placing plants in the indoor space. Second, the analysis of the previous study shows the risk of indoor air pollution and its adverse effects on health. In addition, I have been able to find some researches related to the improvement of the indoor air by using the air purifying plants, and I can see the improvement of the user's behavior through the development or improvement of the application. Third, as a result of the survey on the status of domestic and overseas plant application, the main function of the application having high installation number was watering notification, provision of basic information of plants, and most of the functions were plant discerment through cameras. Fourth, most of the survey respondents have either raised or raised plants. Those who have little experience with plant applications have also shown positive feedback in the future on the use of plant-related applications. In addition, due to social problems such as air pollution, air purification using plants and functional plants showed high interest. Based on these results, we propose the need for a multi-functional plant application that can improve the indoor air pollution and facilitate the provision of information related to it.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.1 s.63
• /
• pp.293-302
• /
• 2006

clay cups with handles made in studios in Korea and the United States were selected and analyzed. The shape of cup were fixed to ensure proper comparison between handle size of the cup and position. The variable factors were the thickness of the handle, the number of fingers required to hold the cup, the relationship between the handle's shape and the position of its attachment to the cup, the effect of the handle's setter, the change in shape of the handle's thickness, and the relationship between the cup's weight center and handle. Preference test were designed and tested to the users, and the results were analyzed. The results showed that to make a comfortable handle, it is important to incorporate the shape of the resting hand in the design of the handle. Specifically, the design should be such that the cup can be held comfortably. This is possible if the weight of the cup is spread evenly when several fingers are inside the handle's curve and if such factors as the hand size, the curve of the fingers, and the position that best controls the cup's weight center are carefully considered. At this time, if there is a setter for the thumb, a cup of the same weight can be lifted more lightly. In the design of such a cup, the oval line is drawn by extending the cup's handle toward the direction of the cup's body. If the cup's weight center is located on the oval line, the cup's handle may be said to be effective. In such a case, the nearer the handle is to the cup's body weight center, the less power is needed to lift the cup efficiently. Our test results can be applied as a powerful tools in design and manufacturing cups with handle in terms of artistry and functionality.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.43-66
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to conduct the instruction for 'Family Life Planning' based on backward design and measured the learners' understanding and satisfaction for testing validity. In short, the result of this study are as follows: In this study, first of all, the students could explain significant concepts, knowledge, and principles for the planning of family life; they could interpret and apply them; they have perspectives on them; they could empathize them; and they could have self-knowledge. The students could also accomplish high achievements for important concepts related to the field of family life planning. In conclusion, this study showed that the developed instruction was very effective for the students to achieve fruitful results, accelerating the learners' persistent understanding. Second, the learners had high satisfaction on the instruction of Family Life Planning based on backward design with the average score of 3.68 out of the perfect score 4. The students could be satisfied with the developed instruction since they could have high interest in the class thanks to diverse learning materials, and they could take an active part in the learning tasks based on group activities and questions. Also they could apply the contents that they learned through task performances to new situation and context. Therefore, this study proved that the developed instruction enhanced the learners' satisfaction on class.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.62-79
• /
• 2017

The principle of repairing the architectural heritage in China was first presented by Liangsicheng of Society for Research in Chinese Architecture in the 1930s, and it was stated as "Restoration of Historic Condition or Preservation of Existing Condition" in 1961 in the "Provisional Regulations on the Protection and Management of Cultural Relics" after various repair experiences under the social and political background of the 1950s. Restoration of historic condition generally means restoration to original shape, and because architectural heritage was often repaired based on similar principle in Korea and Japan in the early and mid 20th century, it can be said that the restoration of historic condition was a universal and leading principle in this period in Northeast Asia. In China, however, the preservation of existing condition is equally specified along with the restoration of historic condition. When considering the leading trend of the time, it seems to be rather unexpected, which leads to questions about the formation process and meaning. The research on Liangsicheng, which first suggested the principle of repair, is very important, but there is a lack of three-dimensional analysis of his principles compared with active research on international principles in China. In order to understand the process of formation and its meaning of the principle of repair in China, we first need to analyze the principle proposed by Liangsicheng, and it is necessary to comprehensively examine how the principle have changed under the social background surrounding architectural heritage conservation after the founding of the People's Republic of China(PRC). In this paper, we first show that Liangsicheng has proposed a principle of restoration of historic condition with important values in the originality, and at the same time he opened the possibility of preservation of existing condition for the result of value judgment or realistic reason. In addition, we examine the process of equalizing preservation of existing condition with a restoration of historic condition as a realistic principle due to the influence of Soviet architectural heritage conservation system and Chinese economic development oriented policy after the founding of PRC.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.71
• /
• pp.99-128
• /
• 2018

Zhōuyì周易 is intended to explain the affairs of human beings by observing the images and works of all things in the universe, abstracting them into the $b{\bar{a}}gu{\grave{a}}$八卦, calculating the process and inducing the outcome by the method of stalk divination, in which this paper finds the origin of natural scientific thought of Zhōuyì. The way of Zhōuyì's thought on the natural science is distinguished from that of the Western's. In the West, people dismantled the objects into the parts until they reached the atom and analyzed them by the principle of causality to draw an axiomatic truth. In the meantime Zhōuyì observed and studied the dynamic functions and changes of all things for the convergence of the whole. While the way of Zhōuyì's thinking could have not contributed to the development of modern scientific development, that of the West overwhelmed Asian development passing through the period of enlightenment during 16-17 century. This paper tries to articulate the points where Zhōuyì can share its theory with the contemporary science by finding the traces of scientific thoughts in Zhōuyì. It encounters its ground from the methodology of natural science and scientific statements proposed by Zhōuyì. The essential concepts of Zhōuyì are induced from all things in nature. This can be considered as the idea of '法自然'(emulating the patterns and examples from nature). Also they observed the images and changes seen by the habits of animals, plants and human beings to sense and perceive their laws. These are regarded as the methodology of natural science in Zhōuyì. As a book of divination, the way of stalk divination is designed to calculate the future by using the system of 'numbers'. 'tàijí太極', ' yīnyáng陰陽', 'four symbols四象', '$b{\bar{a}}gu{\grave{a}}$八卦' and 'wǔxíng五行' are the essential concepts of Zhōuyì to represents the dynamic phenomena and changes of the natural order. Among them '$b{\bar{a}}gu{\grave{a}}$八卦' is a presentment to explain the structure of the world not by the individual analysis of things but by the unification of the whole through the contradictions and interchanges among them to reach the new orders. As of now, the studies of Zhōuyì in Korea have focused on the traditional perspectives, such as political and ethical philosophy. Some of recent studies, having interpreted Zhōuyì with scientific inclination have generated controversy 'Can Zhōuyì be a science?', for which scholars have hard time to reach the agreement. This paper tries to find the headwaters of the contemporary natural science by elaborating the methodology of natural science stated in Zhōuyì.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.83 no.2
• /
• pp.191-204
• /
• 1994

Due to its topographic complexities and various climatical condition, Korea exhibits diverse forest types. Dominant tree species in this zone are Quercus spp., Betula spp., Zelkova spp., Fraxinus spp., Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, and Pinus thunbergii ete. Genetic conservation in forest species in Korea there are three ways ; one is in situ, other is ex situ and third is in-facility conservation. In situ conservation include that are the present status of conservation of rare and endangered flora and ecosystem, the reserved forest, the national and provincial park, and the gene pool of natural forests. Ex situ conservation means to be established the new forest from in situ forest stands, progeny and provenance test populations, seed orchard and clone banks, and gene conservation in-facility. As a tool for low temperature storage, several aspects on in vitro system were studied ; (1) establishment of in vitro cultures from juvenile and/or rejuvenated tissues, (2) induction of multiple shoots from the individual micropropagules, (3) elongation of the proliferated shoots. Studies on cold storage for short-and long-term maintenance of in vitro cultures under $4^{\circ}C$ in the refrigerator were conducted. For the cryopreservation at $-196^{\circ}C$, various factors affecting survivability of the plant materials are being examined. The necessity of gene conservation of forest trees is enlarged not only to increase the adaptability for various environments but also to gain the breeding materials in the future. For effective gene conservation of forest trees, I would like to suggest followings ; 1. Forest stands reserved for other than the gene conservation purposes such as national parks should be investigated by botanical and gene-ecological studies for selecting bio-diversity and gene conservation stands. 2. Reserved forest for gene pool should be extented both economically important tree spp. and non-economical species. 3. Reserved forest for progeny test and clone bank should be systematically investigated for the use of Ex situ forest gene conservation. 4. We have to find out a new methodology of genetic analysis determining the proper and effective size of subpopulation for in situ gene conservation. 5. We should develop a new tree breeding systems for successful gene conservation and utilization of the genetic resources. 6. New method of in-facility gene conservation using advanced genetic engineering should be developed to save time and economic resources. 7. For the conservation of species with short-life span of seed or shortage of knowledge of seed physiology, tissue culture techniques will be played a great role for gene conservation of those species. 8. It is are very useful conservation not only of genes but of genotypes which were selected already by breeding program. 9. Institutional and administrative arrangements including legistlation must be necessarily taken for gene conservation of forest trees. 10. It is national problems for conservation of forest resources which have been rapidly destroyed because of degenerating environmental condition and of inexperienced management system of bio-diversity and gene conservation. 11. In order to international cooperation for exchanging data of bio-diversity and gene conservation, we should connect to international net works as soon as possible.

• Journal of Legislation Research
• /
• no.44
• /
• pp.33-62
• /
• 2013

In this paper, the consolidation of ICT basic legislation and ICT special legislation concerning "Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning" and "Korea Communications Commission" which came on the back of governmental reorganization in recent years is discussed in the theoretical and practical aspect. Development of "data communication technology" innovatively changed the method of livelihood of mankind, the emergence of network under global dimension provided financial social benefit and posed a challenge and a threat at the same time. Form digital revolution human kind can expect to receive many important blessings. Nevertheless, there are many advantages of development of technology by digital revolution, cyberspace like online media, internet etc. has realistically many problems that must be solved. To maximum positive aspects like the expansion of freedom of expression and creating plan of economy by the advance of transmission technology is needed. And to minimize side effects of informatization is required more. The First, Special Act on ICT has an adaptation in normative standardization to be fit in media convergence beyond convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications. Henceforth, there must be established a legal basis for the achievement of protection of economic evolution and freedom of speech in digital media, information, communication technology and content development. The second, the government action is to accomplish economic development and freedom of information in structural aspect of norm. Therefore minimizing normative problem by reorganization of organization remains clearly unresolved in politics. The third, Special Act on ICT must be basic law covering info-communications field, pay telecommunication and media contents field. The forth, from a technical point of view, net neutrality, conflict of interest for digital content and so on can be fixed easily. Special Act on ICT must not only pursuit of development of industry. Special Act on ICT and pursuit of enhancing quality of life of people and preparing program to promote democratization. From now on, we need to make powerful nation of information& communications technology and in information human rights protection field got to be one step ahead of others with reference to appear all the various aspects must be brought together in the discussion of legislation process of Special Act on ICT.