• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1C
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

The load distribution and deformation of single piles which is embedded in Jumunjin sand and Kimhae clay are investigated, based on small scale model tests. Special attention is given to the consideration of flexural rigidity in laterally loaded piles. To consider the flexural rigidity of the pile, tests are performed with the aluminium piles of three different length under different relative densities and undrained shear strength. The test results indicate that the initial slope from the results of tests is proportional to the depth and pile-soil rigidity in both soils. But the increasing rate of the initial slope in the clay is less than in the sand. In addition, the soil resistance is more related to the depth and soil condition than the pile rigidity. Base on the test results, an empirical formula is proposed, which is good agreement with previously published small scale model test and field lateral load test.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 2015

The design of anchorage zone in a post-tensioned member has been started from the evaluation of the ultimate resisting capacity as well as the maximum bursting stress developed, and a lot of design codes including AASHTO and PTI describe their design equations to determine the bearing strength of concrete at the anchorage zone. However, these equations usually give conservative results because their derivation is based on the simple anchorage with a wide bearing plate in the surface without any additional consideration for the load transfer mechanism through transverse ribs on the anchorage. To assess the influence of geometric parameters related to the transverse ribs on the resisting capacity of anchorage block, experiments and analysis are conducted. After verifying the validity of numerical model conducted through correlation studies between experimental and analytical results, parametric studies with changes in the transverse ribs are followed and design recommendations for the anchorage block are suggested from the numerical results obtained.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.105-114
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• 1997

본 연구는 비부착 긴장재를 갖는 부재에 대한 일련의 연구중 두 번째에 해당한다. 첫 번째 연구(1)에서는 기존연구의 제안식과 현행의 ACI 규준의 문제점을 고찰하고 기존의 총 167개 실험결과와 비교·분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 소성힌지 길이 개념과 변형도 적합조건에 의해서 비부착 긴장재의 응력을 평가할 수 있는 방법에 대한 검토를 통하여, 새로운 설계식을 제안하였다. 이는 이론적인 분석에 의한 변수설정과 기존 실험결과를 이용한 중회귀분석법을 사용하였다. 그리고 제안된 설계식을 기존의 식들과 비교하여 좋은 결과를 얻었으며, 제안된 설계식의 특성을 다음과 같이 설명하였다. (1)비부착 긴장재의 응력산정시 유효프리스트레스, 일반철근의 양, 작용하중의 형태 등은 중요한 변수로 작용할 수 있으므로 설계식에 고려하는 것이 바람직하다. (2)비부착 긴장재의 응력산정식은 현행 ACI 규준식과는 다르게 fc'/ p항의 제곱근과 비례하는 함수관계에 있다. (3)스팬-춤비가 비부착 긴장재의 응력에 미치는 영향은 소성힌지 길이의 개념에 의해서 역학적으로 타당하게 설명할 수 ldT다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.98-106
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• 1998

This paper shows the temperature distribution of double hull compartment and of cofferdam in a large LNG Carrier. In LNG Carrier, due to the lower cargo temperature($-163^{\circ}C$), structures are forced to lose their strength if additional heat is not supplied. So it is very important to estimate the temperature distribution and the heat flux needed to maintain the structure properly. The temperature of each compartment is obtained using 2-dimensional model analysis and compared with 3-dimensional results. And also this paper gives preliminary estimation of pipe length to supply necessary heat flux in bare pipe and finned pipe.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.777-785
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• 1997

This study was conducted to clarify the hydrological characteristics of subsurface flow through a soil matrix and macropores. The research facility was set up in a 20m-1ong trench excavated down to bedrock at the base of a hillslope in the Panola catchment under USGS Georgia district. 13 macropores were found on the trench face and 6 major macropores were monitored. Matrix and macropore flow were measured during 95.5mm rainfall on March, 6 to 7. 1996. Macropore flow had great influence on formation of peak flow because the delivery time to Peak flow of macropore flow were faster about 10hrs than those of matrix flow. Matrix flow continued to recess for 3 days. On the other hand, macropore flow stopped within 12hrs after the event ceased. This means that matrix flow controls the recession part. The spatial variations of matrix and macropore flow between each trough and collector were very large by a wide range of 8,655.3 $\ell$ to 17.8 $\ell$ . The bed rock surface topography relates closer with the spatial variations of the flow than the surface one.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2011

이상기후 및 극한 홍수 발생빈도의 증가 등으로 인해 많은 수공 구조물이 붕괴 위험에 노출되어 있다. 사전 피해 예방 및 경감을 위해 다양한 수공구조물의 붕괴 현상에 대하여 수리실험적 접근방법을 통한 현상이해 및 예상결과 비교 검증이 필요하다. 그 중에서 제방붕괴에 대한 수리실험은 수치모의를 통한 분석의 어려움 때문에 대부분 모형실험을 통해서 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 실제규모의 제방붕괴 선행실험의 측정결과를 활용하여 실험설계에 이용 하였다. 모형은 실험공간의 규모를 고려하여 축척을 1:10 으로하고, 하도내 흐름 안정을 위해 수로의 길이 는 16, 저폭은 $b\geq10h$를 만족하는 하천으로 설계하여 b를 3m로 설정 하였다. Fr수는 0.29로 원형과 동일하게 하고, 그에 따른 유량 ( )는 0.538m/s로 하였다. 실제 모형 제작에서는 현장 실험실의 펌프용량에 따른 가용유량 ($Q__{max}$)의 제약에 따라 수로가 직선이고 좌우가 대칭인 점을 감안하여 폭을 1/2로 절단 하고 유량은 $0.269m^3/s$(Q/2)를 공급하였다. 위와 같이 모형제작을 위한 실험 설계시 현장 여건을 고려하여 모형을 변형할 경우 EIM(Experimental Information Modeling)을 이용한 수리영향에 대한 분석을 통한 설계검증이 필요하다. FLOW-3D를 이용한 3차원 수치모의를 통하여 동일 지점에서의 유속과 수심을 분석하여 흐름양상을 비교 하였으며, 유속과 수심의 측정위치는 그림 1에 도시하였다. 수치모의 결과 측정지점에서의 수위가 하도 바닥을 기준으로 0.25m로 동일할 경우 수로 단면에 대한 유속 분포가 제방을 기준으로 2b/3까지는 유사한 경향을 보였다. 그 결과, $b\geq10h$인 수로에서 제방붕괴를 위한 모형 설계시 하도 폭을 1/2만 만들 경우에도 실험의 신뢰성이 확보된다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.354-354
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• 2011

인공위성이 임무를 수행하는 우주환경은 지상 환경과 달리 고진공 및 극저온의 극한환경으로 지상에서는 제대로 작동하는 것으로 관찰되더라도 우주환경에서는 예상하지 못한 기능장애를 일으켜 위성의 성능에 치명적인 영향을 미치기도 한다. 이에 10e-5 torr 이하의 고진공과 $-180^{\circ}C$ 이하의 극저온 환경을지상에서 모사하여 위성체의 안정성 및 신뢰성을 시험한다. 시험에는 열진공챔버라고 불리는 장비들이 사용이되며, 기본적으로 챔버 내부 진공형성이 중요하다. 열진공챔버들 가운데는 직경 9m, 길이 10m의 대형 진공용기도 포함이 되며, 배기를 위한 저진공 및 고진공의 펌프들이 사용된다. 한국항공우주연구원에서 보유한 각종 우주환경모사용 챔버 및 진공펌프들은 설치 후 10년 이상 가동한 노후 장비들로 제 기능을 발휘하기 위해서는 적정 유지 보수 및 관리가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 대형 진공시스템의 원활한 사용을 위한 유지보수 및 관리 방안에 대해 설명한다.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.99-107
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• 2013

In order to investigation Lateral bearing capacity of bored-precast pile, we carried out the analysis of the relationship between Lateral load and horizontal displacement using the result of horizontal pile load test. The six piles injected cement milk of 50%, 70% and 100% of the embedded length of pile were used in the horizontal pile load test. The horizontal displacement, yielding load and horizontal bearing capacity are mainly affected by The injecting ratio of cement milk (injected length of cement milk/embedded length of pile). As the injecting ratio of cement milt is increased, the starting point of horizontal displacement in piles become close to the ground surface and the amount of horizontal displacement is decreased. Also, the horizontal bearing capacity and yielding load are highly increased with increasing the ration of cement milk. The horizontal bearing capacity and yielding load of bored pile with 1 of cement milk ratio are about two or three times those of pile with 0.5 of cement milk ratio.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2016

A hybrid precast concrete beam system with a simple rigid connection was proposed to compensate the limitations and shortcomings of the conventional bolt connection associated with the H-beams embedded into concrete beams. Three beam specimens with fixed both ends were tested under one-point top cyclic loading to explore the effectiveness of the developed hybrid beam system in transferring externally applied flexure to a column. The main parameter considered was the length ($L_s$) of H-beam, which was selected to be $0.25L_I$, $0.5L_I$, and $1.0L_I$, where $L_I$ is the distance from the support to the point of inflection. All beam specimens showed a better displacement ductility ratio than the reinforced concrete beams with the same longitudinal reinforcement index, indicating that the cyclic load-deflection curve and ductility were insignificantly affected by $L_s$. The continuous strain distribution along the beam length and the prediction of the ultimate load based on the collapse mechanism ascertained the structural adequacy of the developed rigid connection.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.489-499
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• 2009

It is quite difficult to predict the flexural strength of post-tensioned members with unbonded tendons (unbonded posttensioned members, UPT members) because of debonding behavior between concrete and prestressing tendons, which is different from that with bonded tendons. Despite many previous researches, our understanding on the flexural strength of UPT members is still insufficient, and thus, national codes use different methods to calculate the strength, which quite often give very different results. Therefore, this paper reviews various existing methods, and aims at proposing an improved rational strength model for UPT flexural members having better accuracy. Additionally, a database containing a large number of test data on UPT flexural members has been established and used for verification of the proposed flexural strength model. The analysis results show that the proposed method provides much better accuracy than many existing methods including the rigid-body model that utilizes the assumption of concentrated deformation and plastic hinge length, and that it also gives proper consideration on the effects of primary parameters such as reinforcement ratio, loading pattern, concrete strength, etc. Especially, the proposed method also well predicts the ultimate stress of unbonded tendons of over-reinforced members, which are often possible in construction fields, and high strength concrete members.