• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.197-201
• /
• 2003

These studies were carried out to investigate the amounts and preferences of Oligota kashmirica benefica to 3 species of phytophagous mites and cannibalism. The number of mites consumed by an adult beetle tended to increase as prey density and temperature go up. In the constant temperature of 25$^{\circ}C$, average number of consumed adult mites by an adult of O. kashmirica benefica to Panonychus citri, Tetranychus urticae and T. kanzawai were 21.9, 13.5, and 14.1 for a day, respectively. The number of mites consumed by larva of O, kashmirica benefica tended to increase as the larva grow up. First, 2nd and 3rd larva of the beetle consumed 2.8, 11.2 and 25.4 adult of citrus red mite (P. citri) for a day, respectively. Total number of mites consumed during larval stage (5 days, 25$^{\circ}C$) to P. citri, T. urticae and T. kanzawai were 77.7, 61.3 and 73.0, respectively. The larva and adult beetle did not prefer specific species in the P. citri, T. urticae and T. kanzawai, and when there was no diet, few incidents of cannibalism between different developmental stage were observed.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.619-623
• /
• 2014

The acid hydrolysis and enzymatic saccharification were carried out for the production of cellulosic ethanol. The possibility of bio-energy production from tangerine peel and apple and watermelon rind was evaluated by determining the optimum production condition. The optimum conditions for the production of cellulosic ethanol from fruit peel were as follows: the sulfuric acid concentration and reaction time of acid hydrolysis for the ethanol production from an apple rind were 20 wt% and 90 min, respectively. The concentration of sulfuric acid for tangerine peel and a watermelon rind at the hydrolysis time of 60 min were 15 wt% and 10 wt%, respectively. A viscozyme was proven as the best conversion for the ethanol production when using enzymatic saccharification from fruit peels. The optimum enzymatic saccharification time for tangerine peel and apple and watermelon rind were 60, 180, and 120 min, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2000

Recently, a new developed petroleiun spray oil(PSO; D-C Tron $Plus^{(R)}$) has been used to control key pests in integrated pest management (IPM) system of citrus orchards in Australia. The efficacy and phytotoxicity of the PSO against the citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) were compared with conventional pesticides (e.g.Tebufenpyrad, Bifenazate and Sun spray oil) in field condition in Jeju. And under PSO mixing spray with some fungicides, the occurrence of phytotoxic symptoms on citrus leaf was investigated. All concentrations of PSO spraying (0.25%, 0.33%, 0.5% and 1.0%) were significantly suppressed the citrus red mite to similar levels of other conventional pesticides. And the spraying of PSO levels ${\geq}0.5%$ was induced not only occurrence of some oil-sucked symptoms on leaf, but also increase of the dropping leaf and fruit rates. As results from mixing PSO spraying test with other fungicides, little burning on new flush shoot was founded only in PSO 1% plus Fluazinam treatment. From the results of this study, with the consideration of pesticidal efficacy and phytotoxicity, 0.25% and 0.33% PSO spraying level will be recommended for the control of citrus red mite during summer season in Jeju.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.267-273
• /
• 2017

To protect plants from damage caused by Panonychus citri (McGregor), practical methods for the use banker plants have been developed to provide a habitat and augment natural enemies of several agricultural pests. The average population density of predatory mites on an Oxalis corniculata (creeping sorrel) sod culture was significantly higher (three times) than that on normal sod culture. Furthemore, the average population density of spider mites on creeping sorrel sod culture was significantly lower (3.7 times) than when weed control was practiced. Average consumption of the eggs and females of Tetranychina harti (Ewing) by Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) females was approximately 1.96 eggs and 1.93 females per day, respectively. Phytoseiulus persimilis AthiasHenriot females never consumed T. harti. However, total development time of T. harti from egg to adult on O. corniculata was 17.4 days, and hatchability and survival rate were 77.5% and 84.8%, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 2012

Nineteen registered insecticides including 8 mixed formulations with buprofezin and 11 single formulations which is not including buprofezin were evaluated by spray application for their toxicity against adult and nymph of citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri. Five mixed formulations with buprofezin such as buprofezin 15EC+acetamiprid 4EC, buprofezin 10SC+clothianidin 3SC, buprofezin 20WP+dinotefuran 15WP, buprofezin 20SC+thiacloprid 5SC, and buprofezin 20SC+thiamethoxam 3.3SC showed high insecticidal activity (>93%) against nymph and adult of P. citri. Insecticidal activities of EPN 45EC, fenitrothion 50EC and methidathion 40EC in organophosphorous group showed 90 to 93% against nymph only. In addition to, insecticidal activities of acetamiprid 8WP, clothianidin 8SC, dinotefuran 20WG and thiamethoxam 10WG in neonicotinoids group showed above 90% against nymph only. In systemic and residual effect, five mixed formulations that was already proved to have high insecticidal activity showed low toxicity with below 60% against $3^{rd}$ instar nymph of P. citri in tomato and rose under greenhouse. Control efficacy of five mixed formulations with buprofezin was above 90%, 80% and 70% at 5 days after treatment (DAT), 10 DAT and 15 DAT, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.141-141
• /
• 2001

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.23 no.4 s.100
• /
• pp.423-432
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the seasonal variations in water, protein, lipid, ascorbic acid, and ${\beta}-carotene$ contents of 17 vegetables and 4 fruits that are available all the year round and frequently consumed by Koreans. The water contents of the fruits ranged from 83-89%, and the vegetables contained more water than the fruits. The apples and pears had more water in the spring and summer than in the fall and winter. The tangerines showed a high water content in the winter, whereas the strawberries contained more water in the fall. The vegetables also showed seasonal variations in water content. The protein contents of the fruits were lower than 1%; the cucumbers contained 0.1% protein, which was the lowest level, but spinach, lettuce, bean sprouts, sesame leaves, and mushrooms had more than 1% protein. The ascorbic acid and ${\beta}-carotene$ contents of the apples, pears, and tangerines were higher in the fall and winter than in the spring and summer. The vegetables, in general, contained more ascorbic acid than the fruits. The cabbage and radishes showed higher ascorbic acid contents in the fall and winter than in the spring and summer, indicating that vegetables as well as fruits are more nutritious during their harvest season. The zucchini, spinaches, and green peppers had higher ${\beta}-carotene$ contents in the winter than in the other seasons. The above results show that there were seasonal differences in the ascorbic acid and ${\beta}-carotene$ contents of the fruits and vegetables. In addition, the fruits and vegetables had a tendency to contain more ascorbic acid and ${\beta}-carotene$ in the season they were harvested. Therefore, we recommend the consumption of those fruits and vegetables during their harvest season.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.860-875
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation in the mineral contents of fruits and vegetables available all the year -round. We analyzed Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, and Al concentrations by ICP-mass in 4 fruits and 17 vegetables items which are frequently consumed in Koreans. For Na content, fall apples showed the highest levels among 4 seasons, but fall tangerines contained the lowest amount of Na among the four seasons. Among the vegetables, the spinach, carrots, and lettuce contained relatively high amounts of Na. The K contents of cucumbers, cabbage, and zucchini were higher in the fall than in the other seasons. For Ca and Fe contents, spring strawberries, fall pears, and fall cabbage had the highest levels. The Cr contents of the apples were higher in the fall and winter than those were in the spring and summer. The strawberries contained their highest amounts of Cr, Mn, and Cu in the spring. The above results showed there are seasonal differences in the mineral contents of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, the fruits and vegetables tended to contain more minerals in the season they were harvested. Therefore, it is recommended to consume those fruits and vegetables during their harvest season.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a coating agent on pork storage. Pork was coated with a coating agent containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and mandarin peel powder (M). The treatments were divided into control, a 0.1% CMC treatment, and a 0.1% CMC +5% M treatment, and pH, color, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), and the number of viable cell counts were measured. In the case of redness (a), it was found that the reduction over the storage period was less in the 0.1% CMC + 5% M treatment than in the control and the 1% CMC treatment. When stored at 4℃ and 25℃, TBARS of pork tended to increase during the storage period, followed by control, 0.1% CMC treatment, and 0.1% CMC + 5% M treatment, indicating that lipid oxidation was most suppressed in pork coated with mandarin peel powder. As a result of measuring the VBN of pork stored at 4℃ and 25℃, the 0.1% CMC + 5% M treatment showed lower values than the control and 0.1% CMC treatment. When the film-coated pork was stored at 4℃, the number of viable cell counts in the 0.1% CMC +5% M treatment area was 7.13±0.96 log CFU/g on the 12th day of storage, delaying the growth of viable cell counts for approximately 3 d more than other treatments. Therefore, coating pork with a film containing CMC and mandarin peel powder has been confirmed to delay the increase in the number of viable cell counts while reducing the quality change during pork storage, which is an effective alternative to improving the storage of fresh food as an edible film.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.184-190
• /
• 2011

Limonoid UDP-glucosyltransferase (LUGT) is an enzyme that converts limonoids into their corresponding glucosides and ultimately ameliorates limonoid bitterness in Citrus species. In this paper, the LUGT gene was cloned via PCR from 10 Jeju Citrus species. All the deduced glucosyltransferase proteins harbored a highly conserved plant secondary product glucosyltransferase (PSPG) motif within the C terminal region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence comparison of the LUGT proteins from 10 Citrus species generated three distinct types. The expression patterns of LUGT gene in three representative species from each type were quite different with that of C. unshiu Marc. cv. Miyagawawase(Gungcheon), which his without distinctive juice delayed bitterness. Ourresultssho wth at some Citrus speciessuchas Citrusleiocarpa HORT(Bingul), Citruserythrosa HORT (Dongjunggul), and Citrustachibana TANAKA(Honggul) end emicin Jeju maybe susceptible to intense juice delayed bitterness due to delay inexpression of LUGT.