• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.196-201
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the apply of lumbar stabilization exercises and lumbar strengthening exercises using Medx machine on back functions such as static balance, lumbar reposition sense, and back pain(VAS) in chronic low back pain. This study divided 30 chronic low back pain patients who experienced only lumbar back pain(male: 5, female: 10) into a lumbar stabilization exercise group and a complex exercise group, and then performed their respective exercise programs for three times a week over a 8-week period. The lumbar static balance, lumbar reposition sense, and lumbar back pain were measured using a pair t-test within each group, and were also compared between two groups using an independent t-test. The results of the present study were as follows: Both groups exhibited statisti cally significant increases after performing their own exercise program in the static balance, lumbar reposition sense, and lumbar back pain(p<.05). However, the comparison of two groups confirmed that the complex exercise group resulted in greater effects than the lumbar stabilization exercise group(p<.05). In conclusion, muscle strengthening and stabilization exercises in chronic low back pain patients are considered to not only relieve back pain, but also improve various back functions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.241-248
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• 2017

There are various problems in the process of developing the game. Especially, there is a lot of problems in testing the balance of the value of each object. This causes problems such as an increase in development cost and a delay in development time. Therefore, if there is a tool or simulator that can test the mutual value balance of each object in advance, this problem can be solved. However, currently there are few simulators, tools, and platforms that can analyze and evaluate the mutual value balance between these objects. In this paper, I designed a platform to evaluate and test the mutual value balance between these objects based on mock battle. The designed platform tests and evaluates the abilities of each object according to their attack and defense strengths. So, this reduces development costs and shortens development time.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2015

Purpose: Most of the former studies about the occlusal contact patterns during the mandibular movement focused on foreigner. The purpose of this study is analyzing the occlusal contacts of young Koreans by using T-Scan system. Materials and methods: The sample size was 87 and the occlusal contacts of each right and left lateral movements were measured from the maximum intercuspation to the 3mm excursive position for three times respectively. All of the occlusal contacts were double checked through the thin metal foil. The results were categorized as two; 1) considering occlusal contact patterns on working side only, 2) considering occlusal contact patterns on working and nonworking sides. Results: The results showed that the nonworking side occlusal contacts play major roles in the lateral mandibular movement. In both cases of considering with and without the nonworking side occlusal contacts, the group function was the most prevalent. In the working side, the contacts were the most frequent in canine and the frequency of contacts was decreased as the distance was increased from canine to molar. In the nonworking side, the contacts were the most frequent in second molar. And the gender factor was statistically significant (${\alpha}$=.05), as females have more nonworking side occlusal contacts in this study. Conclusion: Among the three factors of anterior guidance, the group function was the most dominant factor. The analysis of 87 samples showed that canine contact was the most frequent in the working side and second molar contact was the most common in the nonworking side.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.326-332
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• 2003

This paper deals with a model reduction for linear systems with time varying delayed states. A generalized controllability and observability gramians are defined and obtained by solving linear matrix inequalities. Using the generalized controllability and observability gramians, the balanced state space equation is realized. The reduced model can be obtained by truncating states in the balanced realization and the upper bound of model approximation error is also presented. In order to demonstrate efficacy of the suggested method, a numerical example is performed.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2015

Four cases of functional cerebrospinal therapy (FCST) were reviewed to see whether any improvement is observed in the X-ray images of open-mouth view and cephalocervical views. Intraoral appliances of TMJ balancing appliance (TBA) and cervical balancing appliance (CBA) and active movement of within range-of-movement of the jaw and the neck were applied to each patient. Improved balance of $2^{nd}$ cervical vertebra position and cervical alignment were observed in all the four cases.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.11-17
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide an empirical overview of the import patterns of the Eyeglasses and Contactlens industry. Methods: This study used an Engle-Granger cointegration technique and Johansen's multivariate cointegraion methodology test to check the stationarity of the model. This paper also applies Rolling regression to our model, indicating that Eyeglasses and Contact Lens import is endogenous to the economic variable. Results: The empirical results show how the import in Eyeglasses and Contact Lens is related to the economic variables. Conclusions: This paper shows how the import of Eyeglasses and Contactlens is influenced by economic variables, such as exchange rate and industrial product, and seasonal factors.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.73-93
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• 1995

본 연구는 주식시장에서의 체결가격을 균형가격으로 가정하여 계산된 수익률에 관한 통계추정치의 편의에 관하여 분석하고 있다. 주식수익률의 통계적모멘트를 추정하는 것은 주식가격의 행태를 분석하는 연구 및 사건연구등에서 많은 학자들에 의하여 수행되어 왔다. 기존의 대부분의 연구들은 시장에서 체결된 가격이 그 시점의 진정한 균형가격이라는 가정하에 수익률을 계산하고 이 수익률 자료로부터 수익률의 평균, 표준편차, 외도(skewness), 침도(kurtosis) 등의 통계적모멘트를 추정하였다. 그러나 체결가격은 시장의 규칙에 의해 일정한 호가단위로만 거래될 뿐 아니라 매도 또는 매수호가에 거래됨으로써 진정한 균형가격과의 괴리가 있을 수 있게 된다. 본 연구는 주식호가단위의 불연속성과 매도매수호가의 차이로 연한 통계추정치의 편의에 관한 모형을 도출하여 편의의 크기와 특징을 분석하고, 이를 수정하는 간편식을 도출하여 그 유효성을 검증하고 있다. Gottlieb and Kalay(1985), Ball(1988), Cho and frees(1988)등은 1/8 달러의 최소호가단위로 인하여 발생하는 기존의 분산추정치의 편의를 계산하고 이를 수정하는 간편식을 제시하였다. French and Roll(1986)은 휴일이 포함된 기간의 수익률 분산과 평일 분산추정치의 비율이 기간과 비례하지 않는 원인중 하나는 매도매수호가차이로 인한 분산추정치의 편의라는 점을 설명한 바 있다. Choi and Shastri(1989)는 Black and Scholes 옵션가격 결정모형 이 주식 분산값의 크기에 따라 일정한 편의를 보이는 주요한 원인은 퍼센티지 매도매수호가차이와 옵션가격이 모두 진정한 분산치의 정의 함수이기 때문이라는 점을 보였다. Harris(1988)와 최종연(1994)는 주가의 불연속성 및 매도매수호가차이를 동시에 고려하여 기존의 분산추정치가 어떠한 편의를 보이는지에 관하여 분석한 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 최종연(1994)의 연구에서 도출된 모형을 연장하여 국내 주식시장과 같이 주가 수준에 따라 최소호가단위가 변화할 때의 변형모형을 도출하였다. 또한 이 모형에 따라 통계추정치의 편의를 수익률의 표준편차를 중심으로 계산하여 그 정도를 미국시장의 경우와 비교하였고, 그 추정치의 수정 방법에 대하여 호가단위가 변화하는 주가금액이 10,000원 주변일 경우를 중심으로 분석하였다.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 2022

Background: It is essential to investigate the functionality of the newly developed knobble shoe. Purpose: The purpose was to explore how the body shape and balance change when wearing knobble shoes. Methods: Nine subjects wearing knobble shoes after walking for a month were analyzed. Results: For knobble shoes, we created various small air pockets in the insole to stimulate the soles of the feet to induce body changes. In particular, it was to promote the arch part of the foot by making a large lump inside and outside the center of the foot's arch. After wearing knobble shoes and using them for 30 days, the average blood sugar decreased by 31.1 mg. The lowering range was 5 to 120 mg. In one patient, the result of the hemoglobin test decreased by 7.5% to 6.5%. In the shoulder tapping test for a body balance test, seven subjects leaned to the right in a barefoot state, and two people to the left. However, after wearing shoes, all of them maintained equilibrium. knobble shoes fit, and balance was all stable. There were two subjects with a short left and four subjects with a short right. Conclusions: Blood sugar decreased after wearing the knobble shoes. The deformed shape of the body was restored to its original state by the knobble supporting the foot arch area. The balance of the sole directly affects the overall posture.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.51-104
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• 1997

최근의 고금리논쟁과 자본시장개방에 대응한 정책방안을 둘러싼 많은 논의의 핵심은 우리나라의 제반 거시경제여건을 반영하는 장기적 의미에서의 균형금리수준이 어느 정도인가에 대한 것이다. 장기적인 관점에서 볼 때 한 나라의 금리수준은 그 나라의 거시경제여건을 반영하는 균형금리의 추세를 반영하기 마련이며, 이러한 균형금리수준을 왜곡하는 정책 및 규제는 경제의 불안정성을 야기할 뿐, 민간부문의 규제회피노력 등으로 결국은 무력화될 소지가 높기 때문이다. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 금리변동의 요인 및 특성에 대해 세밀히 살펴보고, 국내외 실질금리격차의 실증분석을 통하여 그 구조적 원인을 파악하여 보며, OECD 국제비교분석을 통하여 현재 우리나라의 균형금리수준을 가늠하여 봄으로써, 향후 본격적인 자본시장개방에 대응한 통화금융정책의 모색에 하나의 지표를 제시하여 보려는데 있다. 본고의 연구분석결과에 의하면 우리나라의 명목금리는 실질경제성장률 외에도 기대인플레이션 및 경상수지적자와 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 해외금리 및 예상환율절하율도 점차 주요한 금리의 설명변수로서 나타나고 있다. 엄밀한 의미에서의 피셔효과는 기각되나 기대인플레이션이 명목 및 실질금리의 가장 주요한 변동요인으로 나타나 물가안정을 통한 인플레이션 기대심리의 불식이 향후 금리안정의 관건으로 분석되었다. 특히 통화공급의 유동성효과는 단기적으로만 나타나며 장기적으로는 오히려 금리상승을 유발하는 것으로 나타나 금리안정을 위해서는 안정적인 통화관리가 중요한 것으로 분석되었다. OECD 국제비교분석을 통하여 추정해 본 결과 우리나라의 1997년 균형금리수준은 회사채수익률 기준 약 11%대로 나타나 소폭의 금리하락 가능성이 있으나 지속적인 경상수지의 불균형 등 금리하락여건은 여의치 않은 것으로 보인다. 이미 자본시장개방이 진전된 OECD 국가들의 실증분석에서도 나타나듯이 금리의 하향안정화는 거시경제의 안정과 금융의 효율성 제고가 동시에 이루어져야만 가능한 것이다. 그러므로 향후 금리정책은 금리의 가격기능을 조속히 회복시켜 자원배분의 효율성을 극대화할 수 있는 시장메커니즘을 활성화하는 방향으로 추진되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.55-70
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the work and life balance of unmarried working cases in single-person households. Eleven cases were interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire. The results were as follows: When they were starting as a single-person household on their own initiative and with enough preparation and planning, they expressed higher satisfaction as a single person household. For their adaptation to being a single-person household, practice education and information about household work and self-care were useful. Their thought about 'life' are focusing on self improvement and leisure activities either alone or with their friends. Their family interactions were performed with financial, emotional, and housework support from each other. Resources such as money and time were the major factors that impacted work and life balance. For work and life balance of single person househods, the cases needed political support for financial aid and flexible work arrangements.