• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.131-140
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• 2022

A smart window is a new building material that can realize energy savings in a building. Smart windows can freely adjust Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) and solar gain coefficient (g-value) according to the situation. Smart windows include such technologies as Electrochromic (EC), Suspended Particle Device (SPD), and Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC). Recent research on building energy savings through the VLT and g-value control functions of smart windows is being actively conducted and meaningful results are being drawn. However, since most of the research is focused on energy savings, research on the indoor environment is somewhat lacking. A building is a space where people live and the comfort of life should be prioritized before energy savings. Therefore, in this study, analysis on the daylight performance of an office space was carried out. Through green building standards such as LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE, and G-SEED, the daylight performance was reviewed according to VLT value changes of the smart window. In addition, a study was conducted on the VLT range of the electrochromic façade that can maintain a comfortable indoor environment. The smart window used electrochromic control with a wide range of VLT. The study showed that the minimum VLT of a smart window that can satisfy G-SEED is 25% or more. In addition, it was found that the VLT change of the electrochromic smart window did not significantly affect the uniformity of the room. When the LEED standard was applied, the minimum VLT value of the electrochromic smart window that must be maintained according to each orientation of the building was derived.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.461-470
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• 2015

There has been a significant increase in the amount of research on reducing the lighting power consumption of buildings and also an increasing demand for technological development. Light shelf has been recognized as one of the most efficient solutions to this issue and related researches have been conducted, which have mostly focused on factors related to simple light shelves and are not suitable as an appropriate basis for the design of light shelves. Thus this study aims to establish the proper design basis for light shelves by evaluating the performance of shelves per reflection rate in indoor areas. Power consumption rate and indoor illumination intensity distribution of a testbed built based on actual living conditions were calculated for the performance evaluation, of which the results are as following: 1) Reduction of reflection rate of ceiling and walls caused average illumination intensity in summer, winter and median seasons, and evenness per reflection rate of indoor areas was found to be different in summer, winter and median seasons, making it a necessary consideration for designing light shelves. 2) Calculation of power consumption from lighting control showed that a high reflection rate of indoor areas may be suitable for power consumption reduction, and that reflection rates higher than 80% for ceilings and higher than 75% for walls in terms of the efficiency of researches on the indoor reflection rate and its application would be appropriate. This study is meaningful as the research focuses on light shelves based on considering indoor environmental factors. More studies will be required that consider a variety of factors.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.527-536
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• 1993

The characteristics of the controlled drug release were studied for biodegradable transdermal drug delivery system. A biodegradable polymeric matrix was prepared from chitosan, silver sulfadiazine, and glycerine. The release behavior of silver sulfadiazine from chitosan matrix was consistent with the Higuchi's diffusion controlled model. The release time was delayed by increasing the content of silver sulfadiazine and thickness of the matrix, whereas decreased as glycerine concentration increased. The apparent constant (K) of release rate was proportional to the content of drug or glycerine and the thickness of chitosan matrix. These results indicated that chitosan matrix shows some potential as a drug delivery system for transdermal therapeutic application.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.473-477
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• 2013

A 7-year-old castrated male Maltese developed anemia, ascites with peritonitis, and vomiting after urethrostomy. A microbial culture test of the peritoneal fluid indicated Candida albicans. Antifungal therapy was administered with intravenous fluconazole combined with antibacterial therapy. The patient recovered completely 37 days after referral admission.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.203.2-203.2
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• 2016

미생물이 스스로 생성한 고분자 물질에 싸이며 군집체를 형성한 바이오필름은 고체 표면에 부착되며 우리 생활 속에 다양한 형태로 발견할 수 있다. 바이오필름은 미생물에 적합하지 않은 외부 환경으로부터 미생물 스스로 보호하는 기능을 하며, 형성된 바이오필름은 오랜 기간 동안 생존하여 살균제나 항생제로부터 저항성을 가져 살균과정에서 제거되지 않고 2차오염을 야기할 수 있어 식품 가공 기계 및 수도관, 의료기기 등에 형성되었을 경우 식품 오염, 상처 감염 등의 원인이 된다. 이 때문에 위생과 바이오필름의 상관관계를 인지하고 이를 제어하기 위한 연구가 여러 방법으로 진행되고 있다. 대표적인 방법으로는 천연 향균제 개발, 쿼럼 센싱(Quoroum sensing)과 같이 미생물의 신호전달 체계를 차단하는 물질 개발 및 플라즈마 처리 등이 있다. 본 연구에서는 격자형식의 유전장벽방전(DBD) 형식의 플라즈마 소스를 개발하여 바이오필름의 효과적인 제어 가능성을 확인하고, 제어 방식의 관계를 파악하였다. 플라즈마 처리 대상의 화학적 분석을 위하여 유기물질 등을 사용해 플라즈마 처리수 내 화학물질 분석 시스템을 구축하여 이를 기반으로 플라즈마로 생성된 HNO2, NO2-, H2O2 등의 화학종이 가지는 바이오필름 제어 관계를 살펴보았으며, 화학적 방법인 제어효과와 비교하여 플라즈마의 바이오필름 제어 특성에 대해 살펴보았다. 본 발표에서 플라즈마의 바이오필름 제어효과에 대한 분석에 대해 더 자세한 결과가 발표될 예정이다.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.93-97
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• 1998

The results of chromosome aberration test in mammalian cells in culture (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells) showed no induction of structural and numerical aberrations by antifungal agents of YH1715 series regardless of metabolic activation. While positive control group (mitomycin C and benzo(a)pyrene) showed structural chromosome aberrations of 37% and 23%, respectively. The in vivo induction of micronuclei was measured in polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of male ddY mouse given YH1715R and YH1729R at 1, 0.5, 0.25 g/kg by p.o. once. After 24 hours, animals were sacrificed and evaluated 40 the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in whole erythrocytes. Although a positive response for induction of micronuclei in animals treated with mitomycin C demonstrated the sensitivity of the test system for detection of a chemical clastogen, YH1715R did not induce micronuclei in bone marrow of ddY male mice but induced cytotoxicity to bone marrow cells at the highest concentration (1 g/kg, p〈0.05), and YH1729R induced micronuclei in bone marrow of ddY male mice dose dependently (p<0.05) but did not induce cytotoxicity to bone marrow cells.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to determine optimal therapeutic dose of antifungal agents for dermatophytes. Forty nine dermatophytes were isolated form dogs and cats showing skin lesions and were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to nystatin, griseofulvin, terbinafine, ketoconazole and fluconazole by broth microdilution test. Terbinafine showed the lowest MIC value among the antifungal agents tested, and MIC values ranged from 0.002 to 0.016 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Fluconazole showed the highest MIC values among the antifungal agents tested, and MIC values ranged from 32 to 512 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. MIC values of nystatin, griseofulvin and ketoconazole ranged from 1.12 to 4.48 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 0.5 to 4.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, and 1.6 to 12.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, resistant to griseofulvin, and that antifungal susceptibility test was needed to determine optimal therapeutic dose of antifungal agents for each dermatophyte.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.544-547
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• 1997

We have experienced a case of pleural aspergillosis. A 50 year old female complained of malaise, anorexia, coughing with sputum, and right sided pleuritic chest pain of two weeks' duration. About ten years ago, she had been treated for pulmonary tuberculosis with medication. Chest radiography showed right pyopneumothorax with cavitation in the rig t upper lung and Chest computed topography revealed right loculated pyopneumothorax with cavity formation suggesting bronchopleural fistula. Decortication and wedge resection with pleurectomy were performed. The postoperative course was satisfactory and has been in good condition up to now. Pleural aspergillosis is a very rare and potentially life-threatening disease, but we have had good results without significant complications by treatment with systemic antifungal drugs and surgical operation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.528-533
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• 2000

This study was to develop an effective itraconazole liquid preparation which exhibits an enhanced bioavailability. The solubility of itraconazole was increased (72-fold) in itraconazole liquid preparation as compared with itraconazole powder. The dissolution rate of itraconazole was higher for itraconazole liquid preparation filled into a hard gelatin capsule with 90% release within 20 min as compared to 55% for $Sporanox^{\circledR}$capsules. The oral absorption of itraconazole liquid preparation and $Sporanox^{\circledR}$tablets were studied in the rat. The area under the concentration-time curve $(AUC_{0-24hr})$ of itraconazole liquid preparation ($90.25\;{\pm}\;8.36\;{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$) increased by 6.2 times compared to that of Sporanox tablets ($14.58\;{\pm}\;1.26\;{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$) after oral administration of itraconazole 15 mg/rat each. $C_{max}$ also increased to $6.87\;{\pm}\;1.15\;{\mu}g/ml$ after administration of liquid preparation $1.58\;{\pm}\;0.16\;{\mu}g/ml$ of $Sporanox^{\circledR}$tablets. These results indicate that in vivo bioavailability of itraconazole liquid preparation was significantly enhanced as compared with $Sporanox^{\circledR}$tablets.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.4 s.83
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• pp.348-353
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• 1997

Ether extract of Cinnamomi Cortex showing antifungal activity was purified and characterized. The active component from the extract was identified to be trans-cinnamaldehyde, which was effective in inhibiting the growth of the representative fungi of dermatomycosis with minimum inhibitory concentration of $39{\sim}78\;{\mu}g/ml$. The antifungal spectrum of trans-cinnamaldehyde was broader than that of commercial antifungal agent, Ketoconazole.