• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.680-707
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• 2010

In order to investigate vertical plant distribution on Jungsanri of Mt. Jirisan by temperature change, vascular plants of fourteen areas with 100-meter-high difference were surveyed from the Jungsan bridge(348 m alt.) to the Jangteumog(1653 m alt.). A total of 440 taxa belonging to 104 families, 287 genera, 385 species, 7 subspecies, 42 varieties, and 6 forma were vegetated on survey areas. Around 700 m high did species diversity of vascular plants decrease rapidly, but foreign species were not found. The Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) divided distribution of vascular plants into five groups; areas below 500m alt., 500~600m alt., 600~1000m alt., 1000~1200m alt., and areas above 1200m alt.. These results showed that vegetation of vascular plants on investigated areas has high correlation with climate elements of temperature. Vascular plants should be crowded within their own optimal ranges of vegetation. Climate change would result in shift of these distribution ranges, and thus vegetation shift will be happened accordingly.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2007

The vascular plants of the studied area in Keum River lower stream were listed 238 taxa: 74 families, 179 genera, 211 species, 24 varieties and 3 forms. In this, Woody plant were 60 taxa (25.2%), Herb plants were 178 taxa (74.8%) of all 238 taxa vascular plants. Pteridophyta were 4 families, 4 genera, 4 taxa, Gymnospermae were 2 families, 2 genera, 3 taxa and Angiospermae were 68 families, 173 genera, 231 taxa. Based on the list of Korean endemic plant, 2 taxa were recorded; Populus tomentiglandulosa, Forsythia koreana. Specific plant species by floral region were total 7 taxa; Salix siuzevii in class III, 6 taxa (Ainus hirsute, Quercus variabilis, Mallotus japonicus, Plantago camtschatica, Actinostemma lobatum, Sagittaria aginashi) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 14 families, 35 genera, 40 species, 2 varieties, 42 taxa and naturalization rate was 17.6% of all 238 taxa vascular plants. Wild plants disturbing ecosystem like Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. etatior have been increasing. So, it needs continuing control and conservation measures on the plant ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.359-367
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• 2006

The vascular plants of this site were identified as 641 taxa through field investigation; 101 families, 340 genera, 547 species, 80 varieties, 12 forms, 1 subspecies and 1 hybrid. Based on the Rare plants of the Forest Service and Korea Forest Research Institute, 9 taxa were listed except implanted species; Loranthus tanakae, Aristolochia manshuriensis, Aristolochia contorta, Viola albida, Cypripedium macranthum, Schpolia japonioa, Acanthopanax chiisanensis, Rhododendron micranthum. Based on the Korean endemic plants, 18 taxa were listed; Salix purpurea var, japonica, Asarum sieboldii var. mandshuricum for. misnadrum, Persicaria lapathifolia for. alba, Pseudostellaria sylvatica, Aconitum pseudolaeve var. erectum, Corydalis maculata, Corydazis albipetala, Corydalis grandicazyx, Cardamine amaraeiormis, Chrysosplenium barbatum, Filipendula glaberrima, Lespedeza x tomentella, Acanthopanax chiisanensis, Melampyrum setaceum var. nakaianum, Weigela subsessilis, Adenophora triphylla var. hirsute, Cirsium setidens, Saussurea pseudogracilis. Specific plant species by floral region were total 81 taxa (12.6%); Prunus yedoensis in class V, 13 taxa (Thuja orientalis, Cimicifuga heracleiiolia, Sedum middendorffianutn, Rhododendron micranthum, etc.) in class IV, 17 taxa (Equisetum palustre, Aceriphyllum rossii, Angelica gigas, Cirsium setidens, etc.) in class III, 15 taxa (Heloniopsis orientalis, Lychnis cognata, Saxifraga oblongifolia, Viola orientalis, etc.) in class II, 35 taxa (Hosta capitata, Cimicifuga simplex, Chrysosplenium flagelliferum, Campanula punctata, etc.) in class I. So, the naturalized plants were listed 53 taxa and the naturalization index was 8.2%, urbanization index was 20.7%.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2004

The study was to investigate and compare plants and frequency of appearing species of vegetation transect in a straight and a restoration Section of Bulgwang stream in Seoul. Some part of Bulgwang stream was restored as a closed-to-nature stream. This present study consists of two investigations, the first investigation being conducted on May and the second one on August -September 2003. Based on the analysis of the data collected from both investigations, this study classified and listed all of the plants appeared in a straight and a restoration section of the stream. The study used the Belt-transect method in order to examine and analyze discover the appearance frequency of the vegetaton transect per 200 meters. During the period of the first investigation and the second one, plants of 33 families, 73 classes, and 88 species appeared in the straight section, while plants of 36 families, 76 classes, and 90 species appeared in the restoration section. The Naturalized Index of the straight section was 22.7％, and that of the restoration section was 21.1％. As shown on the results indicating that the Urbanization Index of the straight section was 7.8％, and that of the restoration section was 7.4％, the Urbanization Index of the straight section was slightly higher than the restoration section. The results using belt-transect analysis method showed that in case of the straight section, the plants of the highest appearance frequency on the riverside were Persicaria hydropiper and Humulus japonicus. On the contrary, in the case of restoration section, the plants showing a higher appearance frequency on the riverside were identified as Salix gracilistyla, Persicaria hydropiper, Rumex crispus, and Humulus japonicus. In conclusion, there was no difference between the straight and the restoration section in the bank with regard to vegetation transect. However, a remarkable difference was found on the riverside for the Salix gracilistyla which was introduced in the restoration section.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.267-283
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• 2011

Endangered species designated by The Ministry of Environment in region of Naejangsan National Park were found Lycoris chinensis var. sinuolata K.H.Tae & S.T.Ko, Iris koreana Nakai, Cymbidium macrorrhizum Lindl and Vexillabium yakushimensis (Yamam.) F.Maek.(4 taxa). The floristic special plants were recorded to a total of 159 taxa; that is, class I species (91 taxa) were containing as Chloranthus fortunei (A.Gray) Solms, Vicia anguste-pinnata Nakai and Euscaphis japonica (Thunb.) Kanitz, etc, class II species (17 taxa) were Pseudostellaria coreana (Nakai) Ohwi, Dryopteris expansa (C.Presl) Fraser-Jenkins et Jermy and Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman, etc, class III species (32 taxa) were containing; Cirsium setidens (Dunn) Nakai, Parasenecio pseudotaimingasa (Nakai) B.U.Oh and Saussurea eriophylla Nakai, etc, class IV species (9 taxa) were Deutzia paniculata Nakai, Carex ligulata Nees and Thuja orientalis L., etc, and class V species (10 taxon) were Orobanche filicicola Nakai, Lycoris chinensis var. sinuolata K.H.Tae & S.T.Ko and Lycoris sanguinea var. koreana (Nakai) T.Koyama, etc. Endemic species of korea were identified 40 taxa such as Broussonetia kazinoki var. humilis Uyeki, Pseudostellaria coreana (Nakai) Ohwi and Silene seoulensis Nakai, etc. Plant species designated as Natural Monument were 2 species that Daphniphyllum macropodum forest(No. 91) and Torreya nucifera forest(No. 153) receive protection. The naturalized plants were identified 30 taxa; Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub, Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach and Rumex crispus L., etc. Among them the ecosystem disturbance wild plants was not discovered.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.60-78
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• 2010

To clarify the distribution of vascular plants and their usefulness in Heoninlleung, Ecological Landscape Conservation Areas of Seoul, we investigated it from April, 2006 to June, 2009. Total 313 taxa; 68 families, 191 genera, 264 species, 41 varieties and 8 forma were distributed in Heoninlleung. Among them, 37 taxa were highly abundant everywhere (3A), 16 taxa were highly abundant locally (3B), 70 taxa were moderately abundant everywhere (2A), 96 taxa were common in certain regions locally (2B), 9 taxa were rare but observed everywhere with low frequency (2A) and 85 taxa were rare and observed locally (1B). The economic plants were 293 taxa. There were 156 taxa of edible source, 223 taxa of medicinal source, 141 taxa of ornamental source, 69 taxa of pastoral source, 12 taxa of industrial, and 8 taxa of timber source. Twelve Korean endemic plants were collected. Based on the list of rare plants by the Korea National Arboretum and Ministry of Environment, 2 rare species were found. The specific species of I~V grades by phytogeography were 19 taxa. And twentyfour taxa of naturalized plant species were distributed. Naturalization Index was 7.7% and Urbanization Index was 8.4% in the investigated area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2007

The flora of vascular plants of these sites were listed 272 taxa; 80 families, 193 genera, 234 species, 32 varieties, 5 forms and 1 hybrid. The naturalized plants were 12 taxa, and naturalization rate was 4.4%. Specific plants by floral region were total 54 taxa; 4 taxa in class IV, 10 taxa in class III, 5 taxa in class II, 35 taxa in class I. There is no taxa in class V. A peculiar point is that we found more than 30 Allium pseudojaponicum in Allium genus which is known as Japanese endemic plant. In Gokdudo, there is large Carex boottiana community, in Daehangdo, Machilus thunbergii community covers the whole island. In Bulgeundo, most of the hundreds of trees including Neolitsea sericea and Machilus thunbergii planted by Korea National Parks in 2003 have been damaged by rabbits.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.564-583
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• 2011

The flora of Gitdae-bong area were investigated from March, 2009 to September, 2010. The vascular plants were summarized as 435 taxa; 90 families, 272 genera, 380 species, 3 subspecies, 45 varieties, and 7 forma. Among the investigated 435 taxa, twelve Korean endemic, eight rare plants and 68 specially designated plants by Ministry of Environment were also included. The naturalized plants were 15 taxa and percent of naturalized plant species was 3.4%. Usefulness of plants of 435 taxa listed consists of 203 taxa (46.7%) of edible plants, 141 taxa (32.4%) of medicinal plants, 64 taxa (14.7%) of pasture plants, 44 taxa (10.1%) of ornamental plants, 18 taxa (4.1%) of timber plants, 15 taxa (3.4%) of fiber plants and 4 taxa (0.9%) of industrial plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.171-188
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Baegam (1,099 m) from March, 2014 to July, 2015. The vascular plants were summarized as 506 taxa, including 90 families, 293 genera, 435 species, 5 subspecies, 58 varieties and 8 forms. Among the investigated 506 taxa, 14 Korean endemic, 16 rare plants and 80 specially designated plants (V degree: 3 taxa, IV degree: 7 taxa, III degree: 22 taxa, II degree: 21 taxa, I degree: 27 taxa) by the Ministry of Environment were also included. The naturalized plants were 36 taxa including 3 ecosystem disturbance wild plant. The urbanization index and percent of naturalized plants species were estimated as 11.2% and 7.1%, respectively. Useful plants of 506 taxa listed consists of 207 taxa (40.9%) of edible plants, 200 taxa (39.5%) of pasture plants, 146 taxa (28.9%) of medicinal plants, 58 taxa (11.5%) of ornamental plants and 15 taxa (3.0%) of timber plants, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.839-867
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• 2012

Vascular plant surveys in Iss. Youngjongdo and Yongyudo, Incheon were conducted 6 times from May to October 2009 and July 2011. The vascular plants inventoried during the surveys were 644 taxa in total; 11 formas, 73 varieties, 4 subspecies, 556 species, 352 genera and 98 families. Among them, 250 taxa were newly found from the survey areas, including Cnidium japonicum Miq., Argusia sibirica (L.) Dandy, Breea setosa (Willd.) Kitam., Dryopteris erythrosora (D. C. Eaton) Kuntze and Dryopteris nipponensis Koidzumi. In the case of dormancy form, hemicryptophytes were most abundant by 37.1%. Six taxa of Korean endemic plants and nine Korean rare plants were also newly recognized along with 45 taxa of notable plants of regional flora announced by the Ministry of Environment. The naturalized plants were 95 taxa, and the Urbanization Index of the survey areas was 29.6%.