• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2011

The effort of transferring some parts of urban functions to the underground space is growing trend among modem cities because of the limit of horizontal land use, the rise of land value, the diversification of human desire, etc. Thus, the basement of building and the subway station have deepened. It calls our attention to safety about evacuation from the underground space to the ground. Until now, the study about crowding walk in stairs has been progressed, focusing on the crowding walk that is going down the stairs, and there is no study about crowding walk that is going up the stairs. This study measured walking pace by crowd density that is going up the stairs in the subway station stairs making one-way movement of crowd. The actual survey showed that the mathematical relation 'V=0.638-0.0949p' determines going up walking velocity at a gradient of $23^{\circ}$, and the mathematical relation will be 'V=0.597-0.1067p' at a gradient of $30^{\circ}$, when it is converted, based on the average walking velocity of crowd by the slope of the stairs which is recommended by Architectural Institute of Japan.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.90-93
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• 2010

본 연구는 국내의 고령화 추세와 고령자시설 현황을 고찰하고 일반인과 고령자의 군집형성시 보행속도를 측정하여 고령자를 고려한 피난안전설계의 기초자료로 제시하기 위한 연구이다. 군집보행속도 측정결과 고령자가 전방에 배치되었을 때 평균 0.81m/s로 가장 감소하였으며, 고령자 비율이 증가할수록 전체 보행속도는 감소하였다. 향후 피난안전설계를 위하여 고령자의 피난행동특성을 고려한 다양한 연구를 통한 DATA 확보가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 2013

To increase the safety of onboard evacuation of guests who is unfamiliar with onboard living conditions, this study measured and compared the onboard walking speeds of 81 participants on a passenger ship, I t were found that the walking speeds at corridor on navigation were slower than those at berth by 27.2%, and the speeds of walking on the corner on navigation were slower than those at berth by 23.2%. This means that the ship motion on navigation directly influenced walking speeds. The walking speeds of upward-stairs and downward-stairs were measured to be 0.71m/s and 0.75m/s, respectively. From the crowd counter-flow experiments, because of the narrow space between participants, the walking speeds were decreased as person after person. And it was clear that the group's walking speeds were determined by the walking speeds of leading person(s) of the group. The walking speeds obtained this study were different from those of IMO guideline(MSC/Circ 1033).

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.311-316
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• 2010

전 세계적으로 평균수명이 연장되고 있으며 고령자의 수가 증가하고 있는 가운데 특히 국내는 빠르게 고령화 사회로 진입하고 있다. 그러나 건축물 화재시 일반성인보다 피난이 난해한 고령자가 거주하는 시설의 피난안전규정은 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있으며 구체적인 방안 또한 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시니어장비를 이용해 일반성인과 고령자의 자유보행속도 및 군집형성시 보행속도를 조사하여 재해약자의 존재가 전체의 보행에 미치는 영향을 파악하고 향 후 고령자, 유아등 재해약자의 피난안전을 위한 방안의 기초 DATA의 자료로 사용하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2021

This study conducted an experiment on the crowd walking speed, one of the factors for calculating the evacuation capacity of a building. The experiment was measured the crowd walking speed by factor of corridor width and Vulnerable People to Disaster. The result of experiment, it saw the decrease of crowd walking speed due to rate of Vulnerable People to Disaster. In the future, using this as basic data, it is considered that additional research is need to development Human Safetay Standards in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.191-206
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• 2016

Pedestrian performance measurement has generally used the average values of pedestrian volumes and speeds from a sample, although each individual's pedestrian behavior of the sample is mainly affected by his/her socio-economic and physical characteristics. In particular, if such individual characteristics of the sample have wide variations, the average values are hard to be representative. In this respect, this study found that a platoon of pedestrians had a major effect on their pedestrian flows on sidewalks. The more platoons was mixed on pedestrian roads, the lower pedestrian flow rate was. The indexes such as a pedestrian flow rate and an occupancy space are typically calculated by pedestrian volumes in a given period of time regardless of the existence of a platoon. However, it is plausible that a pedestrian speed and a level of pedestrian congestion can be different under the equal amount of pedestrian volumes. Therefore, this study suggested criteria for determining level of service for pedestrian considering platoon effects and confirmed that two places had different pedestrian LOSs because of the platoon effects, even if they showed the same pedestrian flow rate.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2011

Korea is rapidly becoming an aging society. As a basic research on increasing evacuation safety design at silver facilities, the study was conducted in consideration of different foot's pace according to the number of seniors and their locations in a crowding of ordinary people and seniors all together. When the seniors were located at the front, the pace reduced to 0.81m/s on average. With 10 seniors which covered 50% of the crowd, the pace decreased to 0.85m/s. It is true that Korea has no existing researches on evacuation behaviour, and functions mentioned in its evacuation safety design is lack of practicality. Therefore, it is certainly necessary to secure any data of the evacuation behavior through various studies on seniors' evacuation behaviors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.409-420
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• 2016

Korea is expected to enter 'Super Aged Society' in 2026. However, as walking is the very basic human right of mobility, securing safe and convenient moving of elderly people comprising the majority of transportation vulnerable is thought to be the most basic welfare, which can be easily neglected. From this perspectives, this study provides the walking characteristics of elderly people to be used in design of pedestrian facilities. The analysis of the measurements using Motion Analysis Systems shows that all walking factors of elderly people is 75% level of the younger group. Elderly group shows slower movement, reduced shoulder movement and increased ankle movement compared to the others. Also, foots are risen less and ground repulsive force is increased. Cluster analysis shows that the group of the elderly shows high variability inside the group, and 2 or 3 clusters can be formed with factors of Walking, Balance and Muscles. These walking characteristics can be used in designing pedestrian road, slope and step height of roadway facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.272-275
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• 2011

본 연구는 고령자시설의 현황과 고령자의 군집보행속도를 조사한 전보에 이어 고령자를 고려한 피난안전설계를 위한 기초연구로서 노인요양시설의 근무자의 소방안전관리실태에 관한 설문조사를 실시 및 분석하였으며 그 결과 화재시 재실자의 피난가능여부와 소방서와의 연락체계에 관한 질문에서 초기피난의 문제점을 도출할 수 있었으며 노인요양시설의 비상구 및 주야간 상시 관리자 수 및 피난시설에서 대응책이 필요할 것으로 사료되어 향후 체계적인 피난안전계획의 구축이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.991-999
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• 2018

In urban areas, the proportion of railway traffic in public transport is increasing. The congestion situation is repeated as the passengers concentrate on station and transfer facilities and the inconvenience of the passengers is increasing in terms of safety and convenience. Therefore, the importance of estimating the appropriate area of the station has been emphasized. The area estimation formula used in the metropolitan railway stations currently is a partial modification of the area estimation formula of Japan in the 1970s. It does not reflect changes in the social and cultural environment and patterns of passengers. The technical basis for major decision variables is insufficient. Therefore, the theoretical basis of the area estimation formula and the pedestrian environment satisfaction of the design guideline of metropolitan railway stations were analyzed in order to suggest improvement formula. The improved area estimation formula was verified by conducting field surveys on 5 stations of metropolitan railways and 15 stations of urban railways. The existing area estimation formula is LOS E grade for the main space. However, the LOS D grade is implemented when the improved area estimation formula is applied. Based on the results, the design factors for the area estimation formula are suggested.