• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.397-419
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• 2022

Smart agriculture has emerged to be a solution to the global food crisis and a new growth engine in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The purpose of this study is to reveal the spatiality of smart agriculture by analyzing smart agriculture policies in major countries and examining how major's agricultural knowledge and experience are expressed in specific agricultural environment. I selected China, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States as representative examples. In the analysis of agricultural policy, the direction, governance and main areas and technologies were focused. As a result, it is found both standardization strategy and the localization strategy work at the same time. Standardization strategies decontextualize technologies and policies from the economic, social, cultural, and ecological contexts of region. The regionalization strategy builds a smart agricultural model for each country with reflecting geographical characteristics. This study could be for facilitating further researches on geographies of agricultural technology and agricultural knowledge production.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.420-450
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• 2022

Texas has recently emerged as a phenomenal industrial destination, which attracts headquarters, production facilities, and/or regional centers of global corporations including Tesla and Samsung. Known as "Texit", this trend of corporate investment to Texas has concentrated in highly developed industrial clusters (such as Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, Austin, and San Antonio) since the early 2000s. Against this background, this paper examines sectoral and geographical characteristics of those clusters, and investigates associated state initiatives that have been introduced and implemented. As a result, key policy measures in the state are found to be aligned to free-market liberalism, diversified incentives, and regional specialization. Unlike Silicon Valley where Bohemian liberalism engendered vibrant entrepreneurship and innovative start-up formation, it is the strong state government that leads industrial cluster upgrading in Texas, while successfully harnessing lower income taxes and deregulation, affordable land and infrastructure, and quality higher education and human capital as regional assets for attracting inward investment.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.3_1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2014

North Korea's provocations is continued. Although Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, Kim Jong Un regime was shift. The crisis is activated, but that there are no changes. Until now, there are the possibilities of war in the Korean peninsula. If we analyse a major provoked crisis committed by North Korea, the enemy's intention is clear. Since the Korean War, South and North Koreas remain limited military conflict continued. North Korea's provocative behavior so far can be summarized as the following. First, the provocative form has changed variously. Second, the risk analysis of the case, the goal is most often provoked by the military purposes. Third, North Korea is a war and peace strategy on both sides. Fourth, try to cover up the provocation. Each crisis event occurs when the peninsula side of North Korea by hiding his intention to blame the behavior of the operation has been shown to act.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.576-596
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• 2009

Recently the World Bank released its World Development Report 2009 (hereafter WDR 2009) with the title 'Reshaping Economic Geography.' In the report, the Korean experience in regional development policy was highly praised. Also, the current government has been trying to reshape the regional development policy in view of 5+2 Economic Regions. The main theme of this paper is how to establish the highly valueadding economic system and how to deal with scale economies for regional development. In this paper these tasks in Korea's regional policy were discussed with reference to the WDR 2009. Enhancing the density of the central city of each Economic Region, reducing the economic distance between cities and rural areas, and getting rid of the barriers to cooperation between provinces are the keys for the efficiency and the effectiveness of the regional policy. In addition, strengthening the national solidarity through collaborative development of 5+2 Economic Regions still remains as one of the major tasks of the Korean government.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.48-67
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• 2021

Plant species exhibit current characteristics as a result of interactions with environmental conditions. The plants of Viola sp. have selected chasmogamous flowers with vigorous vegetative propagation or development of cleistogamous flowers as an adaptation strategy. Viola websteri is distributed on the Korean peninsula and the eastern part of Jilin Province, China. The center and edge of the distribution are expected to exhibit different population-dynamics. It is necessary to investigate the cause of its current limited distribution even though V. websteri has a mixed-mating strategy. Firstly, We examined the vegetation environment of habitats and evaluated its characteristics. Growth characteristics were examined through plant phenology. We then evaluated the population structure, characteristics of chasmogamous flowers, and productivity of cleistogamous flowers. Moreover, we compared population sizes between 2014 and 2018. Most habitats were located in deciduous broadleaf mixed forests adjacent to valleys. V. websteri produced chasmogamous flowers with self-incompatibility in April-May and cleistogamous flowers in June-September. The cleistogamous flower production is a strategy ensuring seed production under uncertain environmental fluctuations; these were approximately twice as numerous as chasmogamous flowers. The population structure was distinguished into stable and very unstable regions. There were sites where the population experienced a sharp decline in the 2018 compared to that of 2014. This large decline was found in the edge populations. The habitats had different microsites depending on the natural disturbances of drought and the matrix constituting the habitat, thus supporting various plants. Ensuring the production of seeds through cleistogamous flowers, it was determined that rapid seedling re-establishment and population replenishment were possible when the natural disturbance factor was removed. Environmental factors did not equally affect all populations or individuals. Therefore, it was expected that it would be able to persisted in a long time, despite the rapid decrease in the number of individuals in the population regionally. Local extinction and re-establishment are likely to repeat according to environmental change. We propose the additional population investigation based on this works are required. We also suggest a need to assess the long-term population dynamics and the genetic characteristics of chasmogamous flowers and cleistogamous flowers to establish and implement effective conservation strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.6 s.111
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• pp.653-670
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to explore a spatial agglomeration characteristics and innovative milieu of the shoemaking industry in Seoul. In order to explain it, currently discussed dynamic agglomeration economies approach is applied and as an example, shoemaking industry in Seoul has been analyzed. The result of this research can be boardly summarized into two points. Frist, agglomeration economy is changing from urbanization economy to localization economy in this newly rising core of shoemaking industry which is Sung-Su dong area. Also, cooperative effects based on collective efficiency between companies and people are being generated within the area. This is largely affected by networking infrastructure between companies and people within the area, non-trade dependency and social capital acclamation. Secondly, the lack of institutional agglomeration formation in this area is considered to be the obstacle for the long-term development and innovation spin-off. This means recognition switch-over and institutional concern and support is needed in the future from the public sector.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.189-231
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to show that Williamson's counterexamples and Fara's paradox do not conclusively refute supervaluationism. I will achieve this purpose on the basis of local validity. In general, people regard supervaluational validity as global validity. And D-introduction, which is premise of Williamson's counterexamples and Fara's paradox, is justified only if we assume global validity. But it cannot correctly grasp supervaluational semantics, especially semantic character of D-operator. So I will show that validity of supervaluationism is local and define global validity by local validity. Strategy of this paper is to protect supervaluationism against Williamson's counterexamples and Fara's paradox by minimal modification of supervaluationism and to prove that supervaluational logic is not revisionary and weak for solving the sorites paradox.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.731-744
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• 2000

이 논문은 서울시 광고관련산업의 집적지 형성과정과 생산네트워크의 특성을 밝히고자 한다. 고차생산자서비스로서 광고관련산업의 서비스생산과정에서 관련업체와 생산네트워크가 중요한 기반임을 확인할 수 있었다. 인쇄광고관련업체와 방송광고관련업체의 집적지가 각각 도심의 충무로와 영동의 신사동지역에 형성되어 있었다. 이러한 집적지의 형성은 광고관련산업의 전반적인 유연적 전문화 과정과 연관이 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 관련 전문기능의 집적은 계속 강화되리라 예상된다. 광고회사는 주로 기획과 전략을 담당하고, 실제적인 제작 업무는 전무제작사들이 담당하는 공간적 분업과 생산의 네트워크화를 통해 광고하는 서비스가 생산되고 있었다. 그리고 각 집적지의 이득을 광고회사가 공간적 거리에 상관없이 충분히 활용하고 있었다. 결국 서울이라는 전체 공간이 함께 협력함으로써 서비스가 생산이 되는 모습을 보이고 있다. 이는 각 집적지내에서 관련 기능들이 서로 네트워크를 형성함으로써 네트워크의 이득을 활용하고 있으며, 또한 집적지 외부에 있는 기능이 공간적으로는 떨어져 있으나 다시 각 집적자와 네트워크를 형성함으로써 집적이득을 충분히 이용하는 국지적 집적효과가 아닌 지역적 집적효과를 활용하는 모습을 보이고 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.543-562
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• 2007

Busan Biennale, began from 2000, has been argued that it would improve 'intrinsic introspection related to localism' against 'a lifestyle forced by capitalism in a global dimension', by promoting urban esthetic imagination in the public sphere of the city and reflecting it upon exhibited artworks. But Busan Biennale seems to reflect partly an attempt for new place marketing or urban reimagineering as a part of postmodern culture, even thought it has been planned to be an authentic stage or public-place art for citizens. This paper is to examine Busan Biennale 2006, held from Sep.16 to Nov.25 in Busan main theme of which is 'everywhere', constituted with three major projects: the Contemporary Art Exhibition, Sea Art Festival, and the Busan Sculpture Project. Ths paper considers first some implications of the transformation of modem to postmodern city, focusing on spatial representation of the city and public place art, and then tries to evaluate whether Busan Biennale is really embedded in the local authenticity and esthetic imagination for citizen or not. As concluding remarks, this paper suggests that Busan Biennale would be continuously developed, when it is oriented more towards local public-place art for citizens with their active participations rather than towards urban reimagineering strategy to make and promote an image of Busan as a global city.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.53-65
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to examine the regional features of shipbuilding-allied industries comprehensively. Inaddition, this study would offer groundwork to construct spatial networks of shipbuilding-allied industries. Relatively in short term, large modem shipbuilding firms of South Korea have developed under the national strategic support, around southeast coast region. Although small shipbuilding firms and marine equipment firms have supported regional economy, these firms have scaled down their functions and roles due to the national policy. In the long tenn, Korean shipbuilding-allied industries have limitations in stable development, because they have separated their roles. Consequently it is necessary the balanced development of large, medium, and small shipbuilding firms and linkage system with marine equipment firms for overall development of shipbuilding-allied industries. This study suggests two spatial strategy for shipbuilding-allied industries development. First, we need to construct a shipbuilding specialization area which agglomerates competent parts firms adjacent to large shipyards. Second, in national strategy, a long term strategy is required to utilize extremely synergy and external effects induced from a shipbuilding duster of southeast coast region which systematically combines shipbuilding-allied industries, universities, the government authorities, and research institutions.