• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.253-268
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• 2019

This paper analyses the characteristics of partner countries when multinational firms of Korea, China, and Japan make greenfield FDI in foreign countries. Particularly, this paper applies the gravity model for greenfield FDI flows for the period 2003-2017. This paper finds that multinational firms of Korea, as compared to those of China and Japan, are very significantly and negatively responsive to political risks of partner countries. In contrast, multinational firms of Korea as well as those of China and Japan tend to make greater amounts of greenfield FDI in financially high-risk countries. This result indicates that multinational firms from these three countries should take financial risks of partner countries into more serious consideration.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.95-105
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• 2020

Vietnam has experienced a high economic growth since early 2000s. One of the reasons for this successful economic growth is foreign direct investment that has been invested mainly in manufacturer sector in Vietnam. In this paper, we examine the impacts of foreign direct investment to Vietnam on its exports using quarterly data from 2000:1 to 2017:4. Since all the variables in our model is subject to I(1), we apply Fully Modified OLS(FMOLS) to estimate a cointegration vectors. Our results show that there exists a long-run relationship among Export, FDI, Exchange rate and G20 countries' GDP. Also, we find that FDI has a positive effect on Vietnam's export, which was statistically significant. Our results support the hypothesis that the FDI to Vietnam since 2000 has an export-oriented feature.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.29-54
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• 2005

This paper presents a simple two-sector general equilibrium model of noncomparative advantage trade between structurally identical advanced economies. Attention has focused on the effects of trade in information technology (IT) goods and services on the wage inequality in the digital economy. The model confirms and illustrates that wage inequality in the digital economy reflect trade in IT goods and services between advanced economies. In particular, this paper shows that even though the relative price of skilled labor-intensive technology good is declined with trade in IT goods and services, the wage of skilled labor increases. The reason is that as Jorgenson (2001) has empirically found, the price elasticity of demand for the technology goods is elastic.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.119-138
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• 2001

전자무역거래는 궁극적으로 무역계약체결천의 마케팅과 인콰이어리는 물론 무역계약과 계약 이후의 운송, 보험, 결제 등을 네트워크를 통해 실현하고자 한다. 그러나 무역거래의 전 단계의 전자화 추진에 있어 가장 큰 걸림돌은 국제대금결제시스템을 전자화하는 것이며, 이러한 문제점의 해결은 궁극적으로 전자무역거래의 완성이라고 해도 과언이 아닐 정도로 전자무역 구현에 있어서 시급하고도 중요한 핵심과제가 되고 있다. 이에 본 고에서는 전자무역시대를 맞이하여, 전자무역거래에서 전자결제시스템으로 주목받고 있는 BOLERO, TradeCard, 그리고 BeXcom의 주요 내용과 특징을 살펴보고, 상호간 비교 분석을 통하여 전자결제시스템의 발전적 과제를 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.566-572
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• 2001

체세포 수는 유우유선염증의 측정에 일반적으로 수용되었다. 염증에 대단히 중요한 유방염은 미생물의 존재 또는 유선에 감염된 것이 원인이 된다. 세계의 현대 낙농생산국 들은 SCC는 사람소비가 확대되는 우유 질과 안전성 측정에 유용하다라는 것에 동의한다. 그리고 거의 모든 나라들은 상한 이상을 이룩하였고, 우유는 가공공장에 운반하지 않거나 상한 이상은 현금으로 벌을 취한다. SCC는 우유와 유제품의 국제무역에서 지레 대(leverage)의 힘으로 또한 작용한다. 현재 SCC에 관련된 국제표준은 없다. 그러나 Codex표준과 같은 국제표준은 소비자를 도와 줄 것이다. 그리고 이들에 대한 것을 우유와 유제품국제무역에 포함 시키는 것이다. 많은 것을 낙농목장 내 유방염관리와 낮은 SCC우유생산에서 배웠다. 그리고 우리 지식의 현재상태는 400,000 초과 세계표준은 적절할 수가 없다는 것을 제시하였다. 낙농생산국들은 우유에 허용될 수 있는 염증산물의 수용량에 관하여 동의 되는 것이 필요하다. 염증산물은 현실적으로 SCC에 의한 것이 가장 좋은 측정이 된다 SCC에 대한 국제표준화 이익은 소비자와 낙농산업 양자에게 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1716-1726
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• 2002

본 연구는 국제의류사슬 내 수출위치를 단순조립 생산 (Mere-Assembly Production), 주문자 상표부착 생간방식 (Origin Equipment Manufacturing), 고유상표 생산방식 (Original Brand Name Manufacturing)으로 규명하고, 각 국가의 의류사슬 내 수출 위치가 수입 단가에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 조사하였다. 1999년 미국Department of commerce의 무역 자료를 사용하여 국제 의류사슬 내 각각의 위치를 점하고 있는 방글라데시, 홍콩, 한국, 이태리를 비교한 결과, 의류사슬 내 위치에 따라 이들 국가로부터의 섬유 및 의류제품의 미국 내 수출단가가 통계 적으로 유의 한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.199-221
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• 2018

The internationalization of venture firms is of importance resulting from the increased opportunities as well as the entry barriers faced in this process. This study is to investigate barrier factors affecting Korean venture firms' internationalization. Among these factors, we measured relative weights using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Literatures regarding global firm's internationalization was reviewed, and barriers were classified environment, corporate and CEO barriers. Multiple variables were used in order to measure their relative significance. We surveyed executives of venture firms comprising two groups: first, 15 global venture firms, and secondly, gradually internationalizing firms. The two groups show contradictory results as environment barriers are the primary for born-global ventures and corporate barriers are the primary for gradually internationalizing ventures. Concerning corporate barriers, the lack of marketing capability is the highest barrier for both groups. The CEO barrier is the lowest for both groups. Regarding corporate barriers, gradually internationalizing ventures considers the risk of business as highest, whereas born-global ventures features the lack of R&D capacity as highest Results of this paper imply that firms should consider priority and sequential approaches in facing environment, corporate and CEO barriers.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.107-127
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• 2017

This paper aims to analyze comparing the international competitiveness of Korea and China of ICT 10 goods in ASEAN Big 6 countries.(Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines). In this study, we investigate major trends in Korea's ICT goods through various data analysis and evaluate. From 2009 to 2016, As analyzed by ESI, CTB, and EMS, This paper showed Korea has increased its export, EMS and Export Competitiveness to ASEAN. However, due to rapid imports, the trade balance deteriorated and ESI decreased. China showed signs of improvement in international competitiveness, although exports, ESI and EMS were declining. Compared to South Korea, China has seen less export bias to ASEAN. ASEAN is becoming an increasingly important trade partner in Korea's ICT exporting. This paper points out several policy implications drawn from its analyses and findings.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.602-616
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• 2009

EU and NAFTA which are huge regional economic blocs came out the world economy at the end of the twentieth century. It is the first that Europe has been trying to establish regional economic integration which is a revolutionary change to world economy. So that regional economic integration of Europe(European Union) has been improving to make a complete economic political integration. This paper analyzes trade creation effect for joining European Union(EU) of Central Eastern European countries with random effect estimation and fixed effect estimation. 12 Central Eastern European countries have become membership states of EU since 2004 is able to get 27.4% of trade increase effect on average between old and new membership countries one another as well as between new membership countries one another respectively. It is very important for some countries have a plan to affiliate to EU in the future to realize such a big effect if they are in.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.67-92
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• 2023

In international commercial arbitration, interim measures play a crucial role in enforcing arbitral awards by prohibiting a party from hiding assets or destroying any evidence which are critical during arbitral proceedings before the arbitral tribunal renders a final award. While Chinese commercial arbitration system acknowledges interim measures, it has faced criticism for perceived deviations from the evolving international arbitration trends. Nevertheless, recent developments indicate that China is actively aligning itself with the global trend in promoting international commercial arbitration, leading to notable changes in interim measures. This paper aims to examine the prevailing international trends of interim measures in commercial arbitration and conduct an analysis of the current status of interim measures in Chinese commercial arbitration by analysing some relevant cases and regulations. By doing so, it can provide practical insights to Korean companies on how to effectively utilize interim measures when they settle their disputes by arbitration with Chinese counterparts.