• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.565-572
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• 2009

Greenhouse gas(GHG) inventories and basic strategies for Jeonbuk regional government were established to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The method to construct GHG inventories of Jeonbuk followed the 'Revised IPCC 1996 Guidelines'which was used for the 'Third National Communication of the Republic of Korea under UNFCCC'. Korean government could use primary energy consumption for the energy industries section in the national GHG inventories. However, regional governments should use secondary energy consumption (included electricity consumption) for the energy industries section for their GHG inventories because they could not control the emission of energy transformation section. In the result of Jeonbuk GHG inventories in 2006, carbon dioxide($CO_2$) emissions from fuel combustion covered 87.1% of total emissions. Methane($CH_4$), carbon dioxide($CO_2$) from other sections, nitrous oxide($N_2O$) and F-gas(HFCs, PFCs, $SF_6$) accounted for 8.1, 2.2, 1.6 and 1.0% of total emissions, respectively. The sectional emission decreased in the order of the energy(88.0%), agriculture(7.6%), waste(2.3%) and industrial processes(2.1%) section. The energy industries section that contained electricity consumption was the most dominant emission source in the energy section. F-gas consumption, rice cultivation and waste incineration were main emission sources in the industrial processes, agriculture and waste section, respectively. In this study, basic directions of each section were established by the results of Jeonbuk GHG inventories in 2006.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.963-1001
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• 2010

The national accounting matrix including environmental accounts(NAMEA) includes informations on environmental pressures in relation to economic activities as developed in the national accounts. In the NAMEA, conventional national accounts tables have been extended with accounts in physical units. This paper describes the background for work carried out on environmental accounts in Korea and explains how the NAMEA-air is developed. The Korea's NAMEA-air provided here serves several purposes; (1) a consistent and systemic feature of the interrelationship between the economy and the environment; (2) a basis for environmental economic analysis; and (3) the vital information for climate and air policy planning.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_3
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• pp.1731-1745
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• 2023

Within the framework of the post-2020 climate regime, the Paris Agreement's emphasis on Nationally Determined Contributions and Biennial Transparency Reporting is paramount in addressing its long-term temperature goal. A salient issue is the treatment of wetland ecosystems within the context of Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry, as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In the 2019 National Inventory Report, wetlands were recategorized as emission sources due to their designation as inundated areas. This study employs C-band radar imagery to discriminate between inundated and non-inundated regions of wetlands, enabling the quantification of their spatial dynamics. The research capitalizes on 24-period Sentinel-1 satellite data to cover both the inundation and desiccation phases while centering its attention on Ungok Wetland, a Ramsar-designated inland wetland conservation area in Korea. The inundated area is quantitatively assessed through the integration of multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Single-Look Complex (SLC) data, aerial orthophotography, and inland wetland spatial information. Furthermore, the study scrutinizes fluctuations in the maximum and minimum inundated areas, with substantial changes corroborated via drone aerial reconnaissance. The outcomes of this investigation hold the potential to make substantive contributions to the refinement of national greenhouse gas absorption and emission factors, thereby informing the development of comprehensive greenhouse gas inventories. These efforts align directly with the overarching objectives of the Paris Agreement.

• 에너지협의회보
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• s.76
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• pp.38-43
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• 2006

2007년이면 온실가스 배출통계 시스템 구축이 완료된다. 산자부는 에너지∙산업공정부문 배출통계 작성, 관리에 관한 법적근거를 에너지기본법에 신설하고, 『온실가스통계 DB구축 추진협의회』를 구성, 온실가스 인벤토리시스템(KONIS：Korean National Inventry System)을 구축한다. 또한 산업, 가정∙상업, 수송부문 최종소비단계의 온실가스 배출량 조사를 추진하여 국가에너지종합정보DB를 구축한다. 산자부는 온실가스통계 체계 구축을 통해 기술적, 경제적 감축잠재량을 분석하고, 정부-산업계가 수용 가능한 수준의 자발적 감축규모를 산정할 계획이다. 이를 통해 Post-2012 국제협상에 대비한 우리나라 대응전략을 수립하고, 산업계의 기후변화협약 대응능력과 조기감축 노력을 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.483-487
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• 2010

본 연구는 기후변화협약 대응을 위한 울산광역시 사례로 화학 산업의 온실가스 인벤토리 구축 및 공정진단을 통해 온실가스 배출 저감 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 기업체의 기후변화 대응에 대한 방향을 제시하였다. 울산지역은 산업단지 중심으로 석유화학, 자동차, 조선 등 에너지 다소비업체가 많으며, 이산화탄소 배출 저감을 체계적으로 실시 할 경우 국가적 차원에서 이산화탄소 배출량을 상당히 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단되어 10개 기업체 대상으로 본 연구를 실시하였다. 온실가스 배출량은 최종에너지를 기준으로 산정한 경우 2004년 58,533천 톤 $CO_2$이며, 동일 년도 전국 온실가스 배출량인 592,600천톤 $CO_2$의 약 10%를 차지한다. 향후 2013년부터 한국이 2차 의무감축대상국이 될 경우 1990년도 온실 가스 배출 대비 5.2%의 감축률을 부여 받는다는 가정으로 경제적 손실액을 추정한 결과, 울산시의 경제적 손실은 1조에 가까운 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 울산지역은 최종 에너지소비가 2004년도에 전국 대비 12.5%로 매년 상승하고, 특히 2004년 1인당 최종에너지 소비의 경우 전국 평균은 3.38TOE이며, 울산시는 19.05TOE로 약 6배로 상당히 높게 나타났다. 또한 에너지 소비는 전국적인 규모로 비교하여 볼 때 점진적으로 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 2003년의 경우 전국에너지 소비의 12.3%를 점유 하였던 것이 2010년에는 239.18백만 TOE로써 전국에너지 사용량의 14%를 점유 할 것이며, 점차 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 산업부문에서 에너지 사용비율이 80%이상으로 전국대비 에너지사용량이 상대적으로 높은 울산지역에서는 산업부문에서 온실가스발생량이 상당히 높은 것으로 예상 된다. 10개 기업체 중 5개 기업체의 온실가스 배출량 산정 및 인벤토리 구축 결과 온실가스 배출량의 공정에 따른 직접배출이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 에너지 및 온실가스 저감을 위해 올 해 약 온실가스저감 227,554만원 경제적 효과가 나타났다. 또한 온실가스 이산화탄소 50,740 Ton/yr 절감효과를 발생하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3302-3309
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• 2011

This study showed the reduced greenhouse gas(GHG) emission through GHG inventory establishment and process diagnosis for a response to climatic change. Also, it presented a direction for company's response to climatic change. Ulsan from its industrial complex has many energy-intensive companies such as petrochemistry, automobile and shipbuilding, and as we judged that the systematic reduction of GHG emission would make a considerable reduction of GHG emission in national dimension we executed this study from 10 companies. It showed the high rate of direction GHG emissions by its process that 5 of 10 companies calculated GHG emission and built its inventory. Also, in order to reduce energy and GHG, it produced about 227,554 million won of its economic effect and 50,740 ton/yr of its sparing effect.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.249-280
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• 2014

IPCC requires the national uncertainties which show how credible the emission of greenhouse gases is. But the Korean government did not submit the total uncertainties, only the detailed uncertainties by items. Also it uses the default values of IPCC including some missing values. This paper tries to estimate the total uncertainties of energy by categories, which accounts for 85.3% in national emission of greenhouse gases. Concretely, it uses Tier 1 method suggested by IPCC. As a result of the analysis, the uncertainties in energy category are 3.4% similar to Finland's. But there was a big difference among greenhouse gases; carbon dioxide 2.7%, methane 116% and nitrous oxide 473%. So this paper suggests Korean government need to improve not only the activity but also the emission factor of data in order to reduce the national uncertainties in energy category.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.294-304
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• 2019

Abstract Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture and forestry sources in the energy sector have been estimated based on a top-down approach, which is an efficient way to estimate GHG emissions with the limited number of emission factors and activity data. On the other hand, for GHG abatement policies, more detailed information and data on GHG emissions are required. This study discusses how to improve the estimates of GHG emissions from the agricultural and forestry sources in the energy sector. To this end, this paper reviews the current estimation method of GHG emissions and presents three suggestions to enhance the current method. First, the development of country specific emission factors and corresponding activity data is proposed based on the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reports from other countries, and Domestic Statistics. Second, the uncertainty in CO₂ emissions from agriculture in energy sector based on 2006 IPCC Guidelines is estimated, and ways of reducing the uncertainty in CO₂ emissions are suggested. Finally, a potential way to reflect the GHG emissions from the use of renewable energy is suggested.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.159-175
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• 2013

Emission reduction targets to respond to climate change have been discussed and set locally, nationally and globally. After Korean government set the national target in 2009, 16 metropolitan cities established voluntary emission reduction targets by 2020. This study review and compare historical greenhouse gas emissions, reduction target by 2020 and strategies in 16 metropolitan cities. Most cities chose a consumption-based inventory approach. Some cities set the reduction target excluding land use change and forestry (LUCF) at 30% against business-as-usual by 2020, while others set the absolute reduction target against past year including LUCF. The stringency of reduction target in metropolitan cities was evaluated differently according to the comparative indicators such as the targets against BAU or past year and per capita emission, etc. Key mitigation sectors were different across metropolitan cities. It is suggested that national government share detailed raw data for metropolitan cities' emission inventory with the local government. Using advanced mitigation model and two types' target based on BAU and historical year and integrating local government's climate change plan with its energy plan are also required.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1046-1057
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• 2017

Country-specific emission factors should be developed and used instead of IPCC defaults to improve national GHG inventories to Tier 2 and above. Since the country-specific emission factors depend on the type of energy source, energy process, and time trend, identifying the value of each energy source is an important part of building an accurate inventory. In this study, calorific value and carbon emission factor for petroleum energy sources on the basis of calorific value conversion standard for energy source, which are notified in Korea, are collected by 2013 and 2016, and calorific value, carbon content and carbon emission factor And a comparative analysis was conducted. In addition, net calorific values and carbon emission factors calculated for each petroleum based energy source are compared with those shown in 2006 IPCC Guideline.