• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.33-36
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• 2007

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.687-700
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to examine the fennentation properties of yogurts with or without Lyeii fructus, Lyeii folium and Lyeii cortex extract as additives at concentrations of 1.0%. The effects on promoting the fermentation by Lycii fructus, Lycii folium and Lycii cortex additives were higher and pH was below 4.06 when Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus cosei, and Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum and Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus were used. The acid production was higher when S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricw were used. The average lactic acid bacteria counts was 2.62 ${\times}$ $10^9$ cfu/ml in the yogurt added with Lycii fructus extract and fermentation with S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricw. The lactose hydrolysis ratio was higher in the milk added with Lycii fructus extract(36.11%), Lycii folium extract(37.76%) and Lycii cortex extract(32.70%) when S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus were used. The isobutylic acid concentration was(34.39 to 37.72 mM) with S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus and L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus. The viscosity of yogurt was 1,615 to 2,030 cP in yogurts added with skim milk and L. acidophilus; B. longum and S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus were used. The sensory scores of colors, tastes and overall acceptability of yogurt with Lycii cortex extract were shown 3.34 to 3.77 when fermented by L. cosei, L. acidophilus, B. longum and S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus. The cholesterol reducing effects were 17.38${\sim}$32.08% in all the yogurts and especially, greater effect(25.75 to 32.08%) for yogurts fermented with L. acidophilus KCTC3150 and L. salivarius subsp. salivarius CNU27. The inhibitory effects on the pathogenic bacteria by lactic acid bacteria added with Lycii fructus, Lycii folium and Lyeii cortex lower on S. typhimurium M-15, but higher on E. coli KCTC1021 and L. monocytogenes.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 1996

This study was conducted to study the reproductive cycle in female fusilier, Caesio diagramma by using the histological methods. Histological changes of the ovary were well correlated with the patterns of gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI). GSI was increased in April as the value of HSI increase and reached to its maximum in May and June. Oocytes at the chromatin-nucleolus and peri-nucleolus stages were observed in the ovary throughout the year. In April, oocytes containing yolk appeared in ovaries of a few fishes. Most oocytes appearing in May and June belonged to the tertiary yolk stage. Frequency of oocytes appearance at the tertiary yolk stage in May and June was higher than that of the other months. Moreover, the empty follicles and atretic oocytes were observed in the ovaries with many vitellogenic oocytes during these two months. Thereafter, oocytes of the yolk stage disappeared in September. The spawning period of C. diagramma is from the month of April to June, and this species belongs to an asynchronous and multiple spawner.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2002

The worm of Thelazia callipaeda Railliet et Henry, 1910 (The oriental eye worm) was frequently observed in the eyes of animal and human in Korea. But it did not clearly describe about the ultrastructural character on the sensory papillae and cuticular striation of the worm. This study was performed to investigate the ultrastructure and character on the cuticular surface of the worm that was extracted from the eyes of two patients in Korea University Medical Center, using the scanning electron microscopy. According to the mouth, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and tail portion of the worm, the size of cuticular striation on each portion was measured. The size of cuticular striation on the worm surface was $1.8{\mu}m$ in the mouth and tail portion, $4.0{\sim}4.5{\mu}m$ in the middle portion of the worm. On the scanning electron microscopy, the female worms were developed phasmids in the tail end and male worms were developed sensory papillae and external sexual organ on the tail end. The sensory papillae on the tail end were composed anterior ventral postcloacal papillae, middle ventral postcloacal papillae, subventral postcloacal papillae, and lateral papillae. According to the result in this study, it is considered that the character of the cuticular striation and the sensory papillae were able to accept as classifying key for the identification of species.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.353-361
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• 2008

We aimed to investigate whether the extracts of Lycii fructus, Lycii folium, and estradiol can attenuate on the level of cholesterol on serum and ultrastructure alteration of hepatocytes isolated from ovariectomized rats. Experimental groups are divided into five: Sham (sham-operated), OVX (ovariectomized animal), LCF (OVX, Lycii fructus), LCL (OVX, Lycii folium), and $E_2$ (OVX, estradiol). The body weights of OVX group showed increase compared with Sham, LCF, and LCL groups. The levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were significantly decreased in the LCF and LCL groups compared with those of OVX group. Moreover, the High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level was increased in the LCL group. As the results of electron microscopical observation, lipid droplets in the OVX group showed increase compared with Sham group. But in the LCF group not showed lipid droplets. In conclusion, administration of Lycii fructus or Lycii folium lowers the serum cholesterol content of the ovariectomized rats and also the damage of the hepatocytes and formation of lipid droplets.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.94-102
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• 1988

Studies were carried out to describe the structure and distribution of various sensilla on the antenna and mouthparts of the Oriental tobacco bud worm (H. assulta) larvae by light and scanning electron microscopy. The larval antenna has 3 segments. The second segment has 2 hairs and 3 pegs, while the third segment shows 3 regular pegs and a segmented peg (styloconicum type). Each mandible bears 2 aporous hairs on the lateral surface. The labrum bears 12 aporous hairs on its external surface. and 6 aporous hairs, 4 coeloconica-like sensilla and 2 campaniformia-like sensilla on its epipharynx. The stipes has 3 hairs, and the galea has 3 pegs. 2 papillae and 2 domes. The maxillary palpus has only a digitiform sensillum on its 1st segment but 11 sensilla of 4 different types on its 2nd segment. Maxillary sensilla represent almost 70% of total number of larval sensilla on the mouthparts. Labial pal pus has a single segment bearing a large segmented uniporous peg and a small peg. Finally their possible fun¬ctions were suggested.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.42
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• pp.107-129
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• 2016

In modern history, there have been several kinds of continental unions or supranational politico-economic unions in the world, such as the United Nations, the European Union, the Union of South American Nations, the African Union, etc. Modern thinkers proposed many pan-isms on their continental base, for example, Pan-Arabism, Pan-Latin Americanism, Pan-Asianism, Pan-Celtism, etc. What is the most common in these pan-isms is that a continental union would be a politico-economic system to overcome the limits of the modern state-nation and to realize a long and happy relationship between member nations and continents. However, the concept of a supranational union differs from that of cosmopolitanism, in that the former presupposes the common cultural and historical heritage in the concerned region or continent. Ngugi wa Thinog'o' Pan-Africanism implies two keywords that are connected to his concepts such as 'decentralization' and 'African languages.' Pan-Africanism supposes that Africa may gain benefits from the union of African nations under the umbrella of anti-colonial efforts to down size the Euro-American influences. Moreover, using African languages enhances self-reliance and self-imagination among the African people. For in the former colonial regimes, the European colonial languages, such as English, French, or Portuguese, were central to the dissemination of European culture and modernity. Ngugi asserts that the African peripheralized languages could reinstate the African cultural heritage and propose an alternative to the Western modernity.

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.32-32
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• 2009

• 대한치주과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.50-50
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• 2009

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 1975