• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2000

Background : The moot important prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer is the TNM stage. Even after complete resection in early non-small cell lung cancer, the five-year survival rate is still low. However, new prognostic factors, including molecular biologic factors, have recently been found to guide the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We evaluated the prognostic value of the loss of blood-group antigen A in tumor tissue, which has been implicated as an important prognostic factor for overall survival and the timing of the disease progression. Methods : The loss of blood-group antigen A was assessed immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 26 patients with blood types A or AB, who had undergone curative surgery. Monoclonal antibody was used to detect the blood group antigen A expression. Results : Fifteen patients (58%) expressed antigen A in their tumor tissue, whereas 11 patients (42%) did not show antigen A. The median survival time of the blood A antigen positive group was 11 months, while the median survival time of the blood A antigen negative group was 18 months. The difference in survival between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion : The loss of blood-group antigen A in tumor tissue was not found to be a significant prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. This study needs to be extended for further evaluation.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.744-752
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• 2014

There are many causes of oral mucosal diseases, so accordingly, there are various treatments available. The most commonly used agents include adrenocortical hormones, antifungals, antivirals, antibacterials, and immunosuppressants. However, it must also be noted that improving oral hygiene and nutrition, and reducing stress are effective in symptom relief. Furthermore, patients with existing diseases of the oral mucosa should avoid behavior that may cause an increase in pain. Unfortunately, many patients are unaware of the activities that may lead to increased pain and therefore do not avoid these activities. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the behavior of patients with oral mucosal disease with regard to activities that led to increase pain. This cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of patients with oral mucosal disease selected from the Oral Medicine Clinic of the Pusan National Hospital during March to August 2013. These patients were randomly selected. From a total of 479 patients, 116 patients with mucosal disease were selected and 73 fully completed questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data were collected by using self-completed questionnaires. The results were as follows: Mean score of Question 13 (Not smoking) is $2.47{\pm}1.11$. Mean score of Question 11 (Not drinking alcohol or not using mouthwash containing alcohol) is $2.22{\pm}1.15$. The other questions resulted in scores lower than 1.5. The answers to the questions were scored according to the following assigned numerical values: not keeping = score of 0; little keeping = score of 1; often keeping = score of 2; always keeping = score of 3. In conclusion, patients with oral mucosal diseases unknowingly engage in activities that result in an increase in pain. Therefore, they need to be educated about how to behave to protect oral mucosal lesion.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.6 no.2 s.11
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• pp.103-112
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• 2006

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical safety and effect with and without additional submucosal midazolam to oral chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine when used for pediatric conscious sedation in a clinical dental environment. Methods: Thirty one cases of pediatric conscious sedations were performed in this study. Selection criteria included good health (ASA I), under 6 years old, 20 kg of body weight, uncooperative behavior and the need for sedation to receive dental treatment including anesthesia and restorative or surgical procedure for at least two teeth. In each visit, patients were randomly assigned into one of two groups; CH group: chloral hydrate (60 mg/kg), hydroxyzine (1 mg/kg), CH-M group: chloral hydrate (60 mg/kg). hydroxyzine (1 mg/kg) and submucoal midazolam (0.1 mg/kg). 50% nitrous oxide-oxygen was maintained during the sedation period Sedations were monitored using a pulse oximeter for estimating pulse rate (PR) and percutaneous oxygen saturation ($SpO_2$). Behavior response rated using Houpt's scale and need of restraint was assessed every 2 minutes through 30 minutes of operative procedure reviewing the videotape recording. Evaluation of overall behavior success was performed using modified overall behavior rate of Houpt's scale. Data was analyzed using t-test. Results: PR and $SpO_2$ for both groups remained within the normal values. The mean scores for sleep and movement of CH-M group were higher than those of CH group (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference in mean score for crying between two groups. The mean scores of overall behavior of CH-M group was higher than those of CH group (P < 0.01). Reinstraint of CH-M group was less required than that of CH group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Oral chloral hydrate (60 mg/kg) and hydroxyzine (1 mg/kg) combined with submucosal injection of midazolam was safer and showed more improved sedation effect than oral chloral hydrate (60 mg/kg) and hydroxyzine (1 mg/kg) without midazolam for sedation of pediatric dental patients.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2002

A number of techniques may be employed to reduce the discomfort of syringe or needle for dental care. The use of topical anesthesia is one such method. Topical anesthetics are applied to alleviate pain during many clinical procedures, such as injection of local infiltration anesthetics, primary tooth extraction, X-ray taking of sensitive patients, reducing gag reflex prior to impression taking. In children, placement of a rubber dam clamp, however, may cause significant discomfort for purpose of pit and fissure sealant and preventive resin restoration(PRR). A topical anesthetic would be beneficial to aid in rubber dam placement for this purpose. It has been suggested that all intra-oral topical anesthetics are equally effective on reflected mucosa, however EMLA(an acronym for eutectic mixture of local anesthetics), which was developed in the 1980s and produces surface anesthesia of skin, has been shown to be more effective than conventional topical anesthetics when used on attached gingivae. This report is topical anesthesized 4 case by EMLA cream, who showed better effect in reducing the pain of infiltration anesthesia, extraction of deciduous teeth, rubber dam clamp placement and reducing the pain of preformed crown adaptation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2008

Statement of problem: There have been a few studies about unsplinted implant retainted maxillary overdenture. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different position of implant for 2 implants-retained maxillary overdenture. Materials and methods: Three-dimensional finite element models were used to reproduce an edentulous human maxilla with an implant-retained overdenture. Two implants in the canine tooth positions on both side and in the second premolar tooth positions on both side models were examined. Axial loads of 100 N were applied to the occlusal surface at the right first molar tooth positions. Maximum stress at the implant-bone interface and stress at the cortical bone surface just under the loading point were observed. Results and conclusion: Within the limits of this study, maximum stresses were concentrated around implant of canine position at loading side. The second premolar area was thought to be more favorable to distribution of stress on mucosa, alveolar bone and implants than canine area for maxillary overdenture.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.680-684
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• 2004

The hemangioma, a benign proliferation of blood vessel, is the most common tumor of infancy and childhood. In many instances, the lesion probably represents a hamartoma or malformation rather than a true neoplasm. In the oral cavity, common sites are lips, followed by tongue, buccal mucosa and palate. Clinical characteristics appear as a flat or raised reddish-blue lesion and are generally solitary. They are classified on the basis of their histological appearance into capillary, mixed, cavernous or a sclerosing variety. A 6-year-old male of this case was referred to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chonnam National University with a chief complaint of swelling lesion on gingiva. The strawberry appearance mass was detected by clinical examination on attached gingiva at the upper left primary lateral incisor and canine. Surgical excision and biopsy were carried out for histological examination and the lesion was diagnosed with a capillary hemangioma. The risk of recurrence after this therapy is rare, and there is no malignant transformation. Despite their benign origins and behaviour, hemangiomas in the region of oral cavity are always clinically important to the dental profession because of bleeding tendency.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.550-556
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• 2005

Tooth impaction is defined as a cessation of the eruption of a tooth at the level of the oral mucosa or alveolar bone by any causes. Any tooth in the dental arch can be impacted, but the teeth frequently involved in a descending order are the mandibular and maxillary third molars, the maxillary canines, the mandibular and maxillary second premolars, and the maxillary central incisors. In these teeth, impaction of maxillary incisor occurs in about 0.1-0.5% and major causes are trauma, supernumerary teeth and periapical inflammation of primary maxillary incisor. Delayed eruption of a maxillary central incisor results in midline shift, the space's being occupied by an adjacent tooth and different levels of alveolar height. Treatment options are observation, surgical intervention, surgical exposure and orthodontic traction, transplantation and extraction. These cases were about the patients with delayed eruption of maxillary central incisor. We surgically exposed impacted tooth and guided it into normal position by the orthodontic traction. At the completion of traction, the maxillary central incisor was positoned fairly within the arch and complications such as root resorption were not observed.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.423-439
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• 2012

This case report described a technique utilizing a computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided machining (CAM) - guided surgical implant placement and prefabricated temporary fixed prosthesis for an immediately loaded restoration. The advantages of CAD/CAM guided implant procedures are flapless, minimally invasive surgery and shorter surgery time. With this technique, less postoperative morbidity and delivery of prosthesis for immediate function would be possible. A patient with an edentulous maxilla received 8 implants in maxilla using CAD/CAM surgical templates. Prefabricated provisional maxillary implant supported fixed prosthesis were connected immediately after implant installation. Provisional prosthesis was evaluated for aesthetics, function during 6 months. Definitive implant supported fixed porcelain fused metal bridges were fabricated.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 1983

Epizootics and sporadic outbreaks of the cattle disease characterized by fever, stomatitis and dysphagia were observed in Korea in September through November, 1982. The number of cattle showed typical symptoms of the disease was estimated to 73 and these animals were concentrated in Gyongido province, the central district of Korea. In other districts around Gyongido province the disease tended to be sporadic occurrence. The main lesions of the disease were defined as edema, hemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis of the oral mucosa and musculatures of the esophagus and laryngopharyngeal area, and abomasum. Of these lesions hyaline degeneration and hemorrhage of the striated muscle of the esophagus and laryngopharyngeal area were the most striking changes of the disease and rated to be the lesion of diagnostic significance. The serum samples of the cattle with typical symptoms showed significant positive titer of the antibodies against Ibaraki virus. On these clinical, epidemiological, pathological and serological findings of the disease it was diagnosed as Ibaraki disease presenting the only report on the epizootics in the countries other than Japan.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.74-76
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• 2019

Gram-positive anaerobic bacilli Actinomyces spp. commonly reside on mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. Here, we first report the draft genome sequence of Actinomyces georgiae KHUD_A1, isolated from dental plaque of a Korean elderly woman. The genome is 2,652,059 bp in length and has a GC content of 68.06%. The genome includes 2,242 protein-coding genes, 9 rRNAs, and 64 tRNA. We identified 157 KHUD_A1 strain-specific genes, including genes encoding CPBP family intramembrane metalloprotease, bile acid: sodium symporter family protein, Txe/YoeB family addiction module toxin and Phd/YefM family antitoxin. The sequence information of A. georgiae KHUD_A1 will help understand the general characteristics of the bacterial species and the genome diversity of the genus Actinomyces.