• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 2019

Most of the existing rail structures have undergone a lot of aging since a considerable period of time has passed from completion. In particular, among existing railway bridges, many of the plate girder bridges are older bridges that have lived 40 to 60 years or more. Since the treadmill is directly connected to the girder without the ballast, the running load of the vehicle is directly transmitted to the bridge. Therefore, the shock and noise applied to the bridge are larger than those of the ballast bridge, and the dynamic shock and vibration are also relatively large. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop appropriate maintenance, repair and reinforcement technology for existing steel plate bridge. In this study, the authors introduced the characteristics of embedded rail (ERS) developed for improving the performance of the existing plate girder bridge and the techniques solving the vibration and noise problems. In order to evaluate the vibration and noise reduction performance of ERS, a non-ballast plate girder bridge with 5m length of sleepers installed and a plate girder bridge with ERS were fabricated. And, then, the vibration response generated under the same excitation condition was measured and analyzed. Also, the radiated noise analysis was performed using the vibration response data obtained from the experiment as the input data of the acoustic analysis model. As a result of experiments and analyses, it was confirmed that the plate girder bridge's vibration using ERS was reduced by 15.0~18.8dB and the average noise was reduced by 7.7dB(A) more than the non-ballast bridge.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.8-17
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• 2017

Infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels are crucial elements of national economic growth, and sudden collapses may lead to great catastrophes with significant social and economic losses, as well as a loss of lives. Hence, an efficient maintenance technique must be applied to guarantee safety, secure budgets to maintain a certain level of service, and prevent maintenance expenditures from being concentrated in a specific time period. Developed countries have experienced rapid increases in maintenance budgets, and maintenance costs now account for about 40% of the total maintenance budget. The level of service in asset management systems is an essential element for setting management goals and making priority decisions. Therefore, this study uses fuzzy theory to develop a new way to assess the level of service.The assessment model was applied to an actual bridge to evaluate the level of service for users.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.206-216
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• 2020

As the number of aging railway bridges in Korea increases, maintenance costs due to aging are increasing and continuous management is becoming more important. However, while the number of old facilities to be managed increases, there is a shortage of professional personnel capable of inspecting and diagnosing these old facilities. To solve these problems, this study presents an improved model that can detect Local damage to structures using machine learning techniques of AI technology. To construct a damage detection machine learning model, an analysis model of the bridge was set by referring to the design drawing of a non-ballasted plate-girder railroad bridge. Static strain data according to the damage scenario was extracted with the analysis model, and the Local damage index based on the reliability of the bridge was presented using statistical techniques. Damage was performed in a three-step process of identifying the damage existence, the damage location, and the damage severity. In the estimation of the damage severity, a linear regression model was additionally considered to detect random damage. Finally, the random damage location was estimated and verified using a machine learning-based damage detection classification learning model and a regression model.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the critical strengthening ratio of concrete railroad bridge strengthened with NSM using CFRP plate. The railroad bridge is usually under vibration and impact in service state. Therefore, it is important that the effective strengthening performance must be exhibited under the service loading is acted. To widely apply the NSM method for the concrete railroad bridge in field, it needs that reasonable strengthening parameter such as strengthening ratio has to be investigated and evaluated when the strengthening design is conducted. In this study, to suggest more reasonable strengthening ratio, material and geometrical uncertainty was considered and applied by Monte Carlo Simulation (MSC) technique. Lastly, the critical strengthening ratio of concrete railroad bridge strengthened with NSM using CFRP plate was evaluated by using the limit state function with the target reliability index.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.245-253
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• 2021

RC slab bridges account for the largest portion of deteriorated bridges in Korea. However, most RC slabs are not included in the first and second classes of bridges, which are subject to bridge safety management and maintenance. The highest damaged components in highway bridges are the subsidiary facilities including expansion joints and bearings. In particular, leakage through expansion joints causes deterioration and cracks of concrete and exposure of reinforced bars. Therefore, this study analyzed the effect of adhesion damage at expansion joints on the response of the deck in RC slab bridges. When the spacing between the expansion joints at both ends was closely adhered, cracks occurred in the concrete at both ends of the deck due to the resistance rigidity at the expansion joints. Based on the response results, the correlation analysis between displacements in the longitudinal direction of the expansion joint and concrete stress at both ends of the deck for each damage scenario was performed to investigate the effect of the occurrence of damage on the bridge behavior. When expansion joint devices at both sides were damaged, the correlation between displacement and stress showed a low correlation of 0.18 when the vehicles proceeded along all the lanes. Compared with those in the intact state, the deflections of the deck in the damaged case at both sides showed a low correlation of 0.34 to 0.53 while the vehicle passed and 0.17 to 0.43 after the vehicle passed. This means that the occurrence of cracks in the ends of concrete changed the behavior of the deck. Therefore, data-deriven damage detection could be developed to manage the damage to expansion joints that cause damage and deterioration of the deck.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2002

With deterioration of the nation's infrastructure comes the growing, need for effective means of rehabilitating structures. Possibly one for the most challenging tasks is to upgrade the overall capacity of concrete structure. Therefore, considerable efforts are still being made to develop new construction materials. Rehabilitation of damaged RC structures occasionally requires the removal and replacement of concrete in the tension zone of the structural members. Typical situation where the tension zone repair is necessary is when the concrete in the tension zone in beams or slabs has spalled off as a result of corrosion in the bottom reinforcing bars or due to extensive fire. The rehabilitation of such conditions normally involves the removal of the concrete beyond the reinforcement bars, cleaning or replacing the tensile bars and reinstatement of concrete to cover the steel bars the original shape and size. This study focused on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by steel strand and carbon fiber sheet in the tension zone. The properties of beams are 15$\times$25 cm rectangular and over a 200cm span. Test parameters in this experimental study were strengthening methods, jacking volume, the number of sheet. We investigated the flexural behavior of simply supported RC beams which are strengthened with the carbon fiber sheet, monotonic loads. Attention is concentrated upon overall bending capacity, deflection, ductility index, failure mode and crack development of repaired and rehabilitated beams.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2021

Concrete structures gradually age due to deterioration of materials or excess loads and environmental factors, and their performance decreases, affecting the usability and safety of structures. Although external tension construction methods are widely used among the reinforcement methods of old bridges, it is insufficient to identify the effects and effects of reinforcement depending on the level of aging. Therefore, in this study, a four-point loading experiment was conducted on the subject with the non-reinforced and external tensioning method to confirm the reinforcement effect of the external tensioning method, assuming the aging of the structure as a reduction in the compressive strength and tensile reinforcement of concrete, to analyze the behavior of the reinforcement and confirm the reinforcement effect. As a result of the experiment, it was difficult to identify the amount of reinforcement in the extreme condition due to early elimination of the anchorage. Therefore, compliance with the regulations on anchor bolts is required when applying the external tension reinforcement method. Crack load and yield load increased depending on whether external tension was reinforced, but before the crack, the stiffness before and after reinforcement was similar, making it difficult to confirm the reinforcement effect.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.111-119
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• 2016

Rebound hammer test, SonReb method and concrete core test are most useful testing methods for estimate the concrete compressive strength of deteriorated concrete structures. But the accuracy of the NDE results on the existing structures could be reduced by the effects of the uncertainty of nondestructive test methods, material effects by aging and carbonation, and mechanical damage by drilling of core. In this study, empirical procedure for verifying the in-situ compressive strength of concrete is suggested through the probabilistic analysis on the 268 data of rebound and ultra-pulse velocity and core strengths obtained from 106 bridges. To enhance the accuracy of predicted concrete strength, the coefficients of core strength, and surface hardness caused by ageing or carbonation was adopted. From the results, the proposed equation by KISTEC and the estimation procedures proposed by authors is reliable than previously suggested equation and correction coefficient.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.6-9
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• 2009

교량, 댐, 터널 등의 대형 구조물 및 항공기 등의 기계 구조물의 경우 그 중요성과 함께 노후화 및 손상의 발생에 의한 구조물의 사고를 미연에 방지하기 위해 효과적인 건전도 평가와 손상 검색에 대한 연구가 최근 급증하고 있으며 특히 압전소자를 활용하여 구조물의 손상을 추정하는 기법들이 많이 개발되고 있다. 또한, 최근에는 압전소자와 계측기 사이를 케이블을 이용하여 연결할 경우 실제 대형 구조물에 설치 시 비효율적인 부분이 많아 무선 기반 계측시스템이 개발되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 무선 계측 시스템의 경우 압전소자의 가진 및 계측되는 데이터의 전송을 위해 별도의 전원공급이 필요하기 때문에 배터리가 포함되도록 구성되며 이럴 경우 그 수명이 제한적이기 때문에 실제 구조물에 활용 시 문제로 제기되고 있다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구에서는 레이저를 통해 원격지의 압전소자에 무선으로 전원을 공급하여 가진시키는 시스템을 제안하였다. 압전소자를 가진시키고자 하는 임의의 파형으로 레이저를 변조(modulation)시키고 대기 중으로 전송하여, 압전소자와 연결된 광검출기(photodiode)를 통해 전기적 신호로 변환하여 최종적으로 가진시키게 된다. 이러한 시스템을 실내 실험을 통하여 구현하였으며 그 효용성을 살펴보았다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.604-613
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• 2018

In recent years, numerous train derailment accidents caused by deterioration and high speed technology of railways have increased. Guardrails or barriers of railway bridges are installed to restrain and prevent the derailment of the train body level. On the other hand, it can result in a high casualties and secondary damage. Therefore, a Derailment Containment Provision (DCP) within the track at the wheel/bogie level was developed. DCP is designed for rapid installation because it reduces the impact load on the barrier and inertia force on the steep curve to minimize turnover, fall, and trespass on the other side track of the bridge. In this paper, DCP was analyzed using LS-Dyna with a parameter study as the impact loading location and interface contact condition. The contact conditions were analyzed using the Tiebreak contact simulating breakage of material properties and Perfect bond contact assuming fully attached. As a result, the Tiebreak contact behaved similarly with the actual behavior. In addition, the maximum displacement and flexural failure was generated on the interface and DCP center, respectively. The impact analysis was carried out in advance to confirm the DCP design due to the difficulties of performing the actual impact test, and it could change the DCP anchor design as the analysis results.