• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.189-193
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• 1989

Ganoderma lucidum formed uniquely non-basidiocarpous basidiospore (NBB) from the aerial mycelia on agar media without the normal basidiocarps. Light was necessary for NBB formation. Best sporulation was obtained at the periodic exposure of 16 hour light and 8 hour darkness for more than 8 days. Effective wave length was blue and yellow but non sporulation was induced by near U.V. light. Effective light intensity for NBB bearing appeared to be about 1,000 Lux as white light. Photomorphogenetic responses in Ganoderma lucidum were clearly different among strains of the fungus.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1097-1104
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• 2016

With the development of next generation sequencing (NGS), large numbers of transcriptional molecules have been discovered. Most transcripts are non -coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among them, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with more than 200 nucleotides represent functional RNA molecule that will not be translated into protein. In plants, lncRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) or Pol III, Pol VI and Pol V. After transcription of these lncRNAs, more RNA processing mechanisms such as splicing and polyadenylation occurs. The expression of plant lncRNAs is very low and is tissue specific. However, these lncRNAs are strongly induced by specific external stimuli. Because different external stimuli including environmental stresses induce a large number of plant lncRNAs, these lncRNAs have been gradually considered as new regulatory factors of various biological and development processes such as epigenetic repression, chromatin modification, target mimicry, photomorphogenesis, protein relocalization, environmental stress response, pathogen infection in plants. Moreover, some lncRNAs act as precursor of short RNAs. Although a large number of lncRNAs have been predicted and identified in plants, our current understanding of the biological function of these lncRNAs is still limited and their detailed regulatory mechanisms should be elucidated continuously. Here, we reviewed the biogenesis and regulation mechanisms of lncRNAs and summarized the molecular functions unraveled in plants.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.222-230
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• 2018

This study aimed to determine effects of light-emitting diodes on plant growth, leaf morphology and cell elongation of two cultivars ('World-star' and 'Sushiro') of Spinacia oleracea. Plants were grown in a NFT system for 25 days after transplanting (DAT) under the LEDs [White (W), Red and Blue (RB, ratio 2:1), Blue (B), Red (R) LED] under the same light intensity and photoperiod ($130{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, 12 hours). The 'World-star' variety was significantly higher in shoot fresh and dry weights, leaf number, and leaf area than the 'Sushiro' variety. For the 'World-star' variety, the two treatments of mixed light (RB) and red light (R) showed a 35% higher shoot dry weight than that of blue light (B) and white light (W) at 25 DAT. In the 'Sushiro' variety, mixed light (RB) treatment, which had the highest shoot fresh and dry weights, showed 40% higher than the white light (W) treatment, which had the lowest shoot fresh and dry weights. Both varieties showed leaf epinasty symptom at 21 DAT only in both mixed light (RB) and red light (R), and red light (R) treatment showed significantly higher symptom than mixed light (RB), indicating the leaf epinasty is associated with red light. Microscopic observations of the cell size in the leaf center and edge parts showed that the cell density of leaf edge under the red light (R) was lower than that in leaf center, supporting previous reports that suggest an association of the cell size difference between the leaf center and edge with the leaf epinasty occurrence. Since the blue light (B) plays a role in alleviating the epinasty symptom caused by the red light (R), it seems necessary to identify the appropriate mixing ratio of the two light sources. In addition, the World-star variety seems to be more suitable for the cultivation of plant factory using LED light sources.