• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.541-547
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• 2017

Climate change has become the main cause of the exacerbation in natural disasters. Social Overhead Capital(SOC) structure needs to be checked for displacement and crack periodically to prevent damage and the collapse caused by natural disaster and ensure the safety. For efficient structure maintenance, the optical image technology is applied to the Structure Health Monitoring(SHM). However, optical image is sensitive to environmental factors. So it is necessary to verify its validity. In this paper, the accuracy of estimating the vertical displacement was verified with respect to environmental condition such as natural light, measurement distance, and the number of image sheets. The result of experiments showed that the effect of natural light on accuracy of estimating vertical displacement was the greatest of all. The measurement angle which was affected by the change in measurement distance was also important to check the vertical displacement. These findings will be taken into account by applying appropriate environmental condition to minimize errors when the bridge was measured by camera. It will also enable the application of optical images to the SHM.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.116-126
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• 2009

It is becoming more difficult to improve the device operating speed by shrinking the size of semiconductor devices. Therefore, for a new leap forward in the semiconductor industry, the advent of silicon opto-electronic devices, i.e., silicon photonics is more desperate. Silicon Avalanche LED is one of the prospective candidates to realize the practical silicon opto-electronic devices due to its simplicity of fabrication, repeatability, stability, high speed operation, and compatibility with silicon IC processing. We conducted the measurement of the electrical characteristics and the observation of the light-emitting phenomena using optical microscopy. We analyzed the influence of the design elements such as the shape of the light-emitting area and the depth of the $n^{+}-p^{+}$ junction with simple device modeling and simulation. We compared the results of simulation and the measurement and explained the discrepancy between the results of the simulation and the measurement, and the suggestions for the improvement were given.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.37-43
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• 2004

Water-jet trajectory visualization and velocity deficits from a high pressurized steam-generator nozzles were experimentally observed. In order to find an optimal nozzle configuration. several parameters affecting plugging and erosion onto the steam generator tube were quantitatively analyzed. For the experiments, a high-pressurized pump (pressure in use: 200 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 15 HP, 11 kW, output flow Q : 301/min) was utilized. Visualization, velocity distribution, and spray growth rate with different nozzle configurations have been mainly focused using a 2-D PDPA system. The results indicated that trajectories along the centerline regardless of their configurations has its potential core region. However, the phenomena from the peripheral part need to be meticulously considered. Accordingly, it is evident that quantitative velocity deficits at the outer region are outstanding due to the aerodynamical drag and entrainment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.467-474
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• 2017

Each river confluence has the inherent hydraulic and mixing characteristics coming from its bathymetry and topography. It is necessary to make the measurement covering the spatial extent of studying area in order to catch these 2-dimensional intrinsic characteristics. This study focuses to investigate the hydraulic and mixing characteristics at the confluence of Nakdong and Geumho River, from field measurement of flow, water quality, and suspended particle distribution with ADCP (Riversurveyor M9), multi-parameter water quality sonde (YSI6600V2), and submersible system for in-situ observations of particle size distribution and volume concentration (LISST : Laser In-Situ Scattering & Transmissometry), respectively. From the results, it can be found that the field measurement of suspended particle and water quality distribution can be the useful approach to catch the hydraulic and mixing characteristics at a river confluence.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2012

An optical defect detection method using ESPI(electronic speckle pattern interferometry) is proposed. ESPI is widely used as a non-contact measurement system which show deformation and phase map in real time. ESPI can be divided as the in-plane, out-of-plane and shearography by operation principle and target object and also divided with bulk type and optic fiber type by the optic configurations. This paper is focused on optic fiber type out-of-plane ESPI, which has the following advantages: (1) low cost; (2) reduction of the unreliable factors generated by separated optic components; (3) simplification of the optic configuration; (4) great reduction of volume; (5) flexibility, to be easily designed into different structures to adapt to inaccessible environments such as pipeline cavity and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.124-133
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• 2007

In our research, we focused on the FBG sensor system which is one of the fiber optic sensor system. The FBG sensor system is used for structural measurements. The problem of FBG sensor is very thin and weak. The methods that can protect FBG optical fiber sensor front outside forces such as the impacts are investigated. The FBG sensor embedded in the fiber reinforced composites which can replace the reinforcing steel bars in concretes can be applied to the concrete structures by embedding to the composite materials. The progresses in tensile strength of FBG sensor embedded in the reinforcing FRP bars in the concrete structures compare to plain FBGs were observed and the good long term durability is expected.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2006

This study aims to analyze the illumination effects of bridges across the Han River. For the purpose, 8 bridges were selected. Field survey and measurements were performed, and the physical values such as luminance, color temperature and chromaticity were measured by Radiant Imaging Prometric 1400 Color. The results of the study are as follows; (1) Metal halide lamp, sodium lamp and LED(Light Emitting Diode) of various colors, are used in illuminating the bridges and create color contrasts and color changing by color filters. (2) Luminance contrast of the illuminated bridges affects 'modeling' and 'spare sense' of bridges, and it might improve people's preference and impression. (3) Color temperature of the illuminated bridges is influenced by 'color of bridge', 'material of bridge' and, 'color temperature and color of light sources'. (4) 'Structure of bridges' and 'luminaires' influence on the physical feature of the bridges. Especially, illumination of the bridges shows resemblant patterns by 'structure of bridges'.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.18-26
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• 2010

Outdoor lighting has become a necessary essential part of society for safety and comfortable space. However, inappropriate outdoor lighting leads to energy waste and poor landscape. Outdoor lighting is a very important social element, which enables us to conduct various activities at night in a safe, efficient and comfort way. River Thames in UK, Venice in Italy and Sydney in Australia is a good example of the coastal area. This paper aims to evaluate the light pollution of outdoor lighting in coastal area in Busan city. The Radiant Imaging ProMetric-1400 was used to measure the luminance of Gwangalli Beach, Marine City and Haeundae Beach. Compare to the CIE recommendation level the luminance of the all outdoor lighting were about 2~20 times higher. Outdoor lighting of the building facade luminance level and color should be particularly limited.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1378-1383
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• 2008

댐 저수지에서 지속적인 탁도를 유발하는 물질은 쉽게 침강되지 않는 $20{\mu}m$이하의 작은 부유물질(SS)이며, 가을 수직혼합 시기까지 침강되지 않은 부유물질은 다시 재부상하는 경우도 발생한다. 저수지내 탁수의 장기 체류는 수자원 이용과 하류하천의 수생태계에 다양한 문제를 야기하고 있어 일부 댐에서는 실시간 탁도 감시 장치를 설치하고 취수설비를 개선하는 등의 탁수저감 대책의 노력을 기울이고 있으나, 시설의 최적 운영을 지원할 수 있는 탁수 거동 및 탁도 예측에 관한 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 특히, 탁도는 물 속에 존재하는 부유물질의 광학적 특성(light attenuation)을 나타내는 지표로써 SS와는 물리적인 물성이 달라 실시간 계측자료(탁도)와 모델의 모의 변수(SS)가 다른 문제점 때문에 모델링에 어려움이 있었다. 지금까지 탁도 모델링은 대부분 탁도와 SS의 상관관계를 이용하는 방법을 사용하였다. 그러나 이 방법은 탁도-SS 관계가 실측지점과 입자크기분포에 따라 달라지는 특성 때문에 변환과정에 예측결과의 불확실성이 내재한다는 지적을 받아왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 저수지로 유입한 탁수의 보다 과학적이고 정확한 탁도 예측을 위해 탁도를 유발하는 부유물질의 입자크기 분포와 공간적으로 변하는 탁도-SS의 상관관계를 고려할 수 있는 표준화된 탁도 모델링 방법을 개발하고, 실측자료를 사용하여 제시된 탁도 모델링 방법의 예측 성능을 평가하는데 있다. 부유물질의 이송-확산-침강 모델은 2차원 횡방향 평균 수리 모델과 연결(coupling)되어 수행되며, 저수지 수면을 통한 열 교환, 바람과 바닥 조도에 의한 난류혼합과 성층해석, 하천 유입수의 저수지내 밀도류 유동, 그리고 입자 크기별 부유물질의 독립침강을 해석한다. 부유입자의 크기분포와 공간적으로 서로 다른 탁도-SS 관계를 고려한 탁도 예측모델은 기존의 탁도를 종속변수로 사용한 예측 방법 또는 단일 입자크기를 사용한 모델보다 개선된 모의결과를 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 제시된 탁도 예측 알고리즘은 실시간 탁수감시와 예측 모델링, 그리고 댐 방류수 탁도 관리를 위한 선택취수 설비의 운영을 위한 의사결정지원시스템에 적용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 2015

Although an accelerometer is a sensor that measures acceleration, it cannot be used by itself to measure the acceleration when the orientation of the sensor changes. This paper introduces a Kalman filter for the estimation of a sensor acceleration based on a six-axis inertial sensor (i.e., a three-axis accelerometer and three-axis gyroscope). The novelty of the proposed Kalman filter lies in the fact that its state vector includes not only the tilt angle variable but also the sensor acceleration. Thus, the filter can explicitly estimate the latter with a high accuracy. The accuracy of acceleration estimates were validated experimentally under three different dynamic conditions, using an optical motion capture system. It could be concluded that the performance of the proposed Kalman filter was comparable to that of the state-of-the-art estimation algorithm employed by the Xsens MTw. The proposed algorithm may be more suitable than inertial/magnetic sensor-based algorithms for various applications adopting six-axis inertial sensors.